This article considers an analogous problem in which the observed random variables are the steps of a symmetric random walk. Assuming continuously distributed step sizes, it describes the optimal stopping rules for the cases n = 2 and n = 3 in two versions of the problem: a "full information" version in which the actual steps of the random walk are disclosed to the decision maker; and a "partial information" version in which only the relative ranks of the positions taken by the random walk are observed. When n = 3, the optimal rule and expected rank depend on the distribution of the step sizes. The authors give sharp bounds for the optimal expected rank in the partial information version, and fairly sharp bounds in the full information version.

This article presents a critical comparison of continuum diffuse-layer models that can be coupled to an atomistic first-principles description of the charged metal surface in order to account for the electrolyte screening at electrified interfaces.

Article presenting a systematic parametrization protocol for the Self-Consistent Continuum Solvation (SCCS) model resulting in optimized parameters for 67 non-aqueous solvents. The parametrization is based on a collection of ≈6000 experimentally measured partition coefficients, which were collected in the Solv@TUM database presented here. The accuracy of the optimized SCCS model is comparable to the well-known universal continuum solvation model (SMx) family of methods, while relying on only a single fit parameter and thereby largely reducing statistical noise.

Article investigates cooperative spontaneous emission, theoretically and experimentally, for an ensemble of emitters coupled to a core-shell structure.

Article describes study in which researchers characterized the influence of temperature on arterial acid–base balance and intracellular pH (pHi) in the bimodal-breathing swamp eel, Monopterus albus.

This article communicates the results of a study conducted on red-winged blackbirds where brain phospholipid composition during development was measured and diet was manipulated. The dietary study confirmed that nestling brains are sensitive to fatty acid supply. The findings of this article suggest that Red-winged blackbirds may be able to advance cognitive development relative to other altricial species owing to their aquatic maternal diet.

This article describes a study investigating the maturation of convective oxygen transport in embryos of the snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina). Measurements included: mass, oxygen consumption, heart rate, blood oxygen content and affinity and blood flow distribution at 50%, 70% and 90% of the incubation period.

Article explores the ‘membrane pacemaker’ hypothesis which proposes a biochemical explanation for among-species variation in resting metabolism, based on the positive correlation between membrane docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and metabolic rate. The authors tested this hypothesis using a novel model, altricial red-winged blackbird nestlings, predicting that the proportion of DHA in muscle and liver membranes should increase with the increasing metabolic rate of the nestling as it develops endothermy. In support of the membrane pacemaker hypothesis, DHA proportions increased in membranes from pectoralis muscle, muscle mitochondria and liver during post-hatch development. By contrast, elevated dietary DHA had no effect on resting metabolic rate, despite causing significant changes to membrane lipid composition.

Article describes study which investigated the importance of atrial contraction in filling of the ventricle in American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) by bypassing both atria (with the use of ligatures to prevent atrial filling) and measuring the resultant effects on cardiac output in anesthetized animals.

Article describes a study where various normalization techniques were investigated in order to improve the quantitative capabilities of direct analyte probed nanoextraction (DAPNe).

Article expanding the Intrinsic Diophantine approximation on fractals first proposed by K. Mahler (1984). This article describes and develops the theory of infinite de Bruijn sequences and answers questions related to Hausdorff dimension, Diophantine approximation, Dirichlet function, and height function.

This article identifies the principal features in Foias’ original proof and streamlines them into a general result. The result gives further evidence to the observation that the connection between the sequence with initial seed the Foias constant and the Prime Number Theorem must be fortuitous.

Correction to the article "Role of novel histone modifications in cancer".

Article presents an overview of the data sets and the contributions analyzing data related to human lipid-related phenotypes, DNA methylation, and single-nucleotide markers in a study involving a pharmaceutical intervention.

Article presents several computational models than can aid in the analysis of data characterizing lignin biosynthesis.

Article exploring the International Union for the Conservation of Nature's Red List to examine the conservation status, distributions, threats, and conservation recommendations for all 557 raptor species.

Article proposes a dynamic mathematical model that integrates various datasets and other information regarding the lignin pathway in Brachypodium distachyon and permits explanations for some counterintuitive observations.

Article describes a role in Arabidopsis leaf development for two members of the CLAVATA3/ESR‐RELATED peptide family, CLE5 and CLE6, which lie adjacent to each other on chromosome 2.

Article describes a study which examines the conduction system in crocodiles (Alligator mississippiensis), the only ectothermic vertebrates with a full ventricular septum.

This article explores research to determine the apparent specific volume of sucrose by measuring the density of sucrose in {cosolvent + water} mixtures at 298.2 K. The study finds that a mean apparent specific volume value of 0.632 cm³.g⁻¹ for sucrose in different aqueous-cosolvent mixtures could be adequate for practical purposes in pharmaceutical industries.

The article is from conference proceedings that discuss an artificially structured boundary (ABS) considered to consist of a spatially periodic arrangement of electrostatically plugged magnetic cusps. As envisioned, a non-neutral positron plasma could be confined by an ASB along its edge, and the space charge of the positron plasma would serve to confine an antiproton plasma. If the conditions of the two-species plasma are suitable, production of antihydrogen via three-body recombination for antimatter gravity studies may be possible.

The article presents one scheme for what is referred to as magnetic plasma expulsion, which would prevent the plasma from entering a given region. Magnetic plasma expulsion techniques may allow instrumentation access to the interiors of plasmas. Magnetic plasma expulsion techniques may also make alternative approaches for magnetic plasma confinement possible. Particle-in-cell simulation with the Warp code is used to study magnetic plasma expulsion. Some conditions for achieving magnetic plasma expulsion are reported.

Article describes a study in which a novel high-throughput ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS) method was established to quantify the levels of 19 flavonoids and 15 other phenolic compounds, including acids, aldehydes, and alcohols.

Article describes an experiment in which a hot-electron-enabled route to controlling light with dissipative loss compensation in semiconductor quantum light emitters has been realized for tunable quantum optoelectronic devices via a two-species plasmon system.