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TPP Countries Near Agreement without U.S. Participation
This report discuses the negotiations between the signatory countries of the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) after the U.S. withdrawal in January 2017 and possible effects of the implementation of an agreement without the U.S. on the U.S. economy and their image in Asia.
Date:
November 20, 2017
Creator:
Fergusson, Ian F. & Williams, Brock R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Potential Effects of a U.S. NAFTA Withdrawal: Agricultural Markets
This report examines some of the potential consequences to U.S. agricultural markets of a U.S. withdrawal from NAFTA, focusing on the possibility that higher tariffs could be imposed on U.S. imports and exports. In particular, under a NAFTA withdrawal, it is likely that most-favored nation (MFN) tariffs would be imposed on agricultural products traded among the NAFTA countries instead of the current zero tariff (i.e., duty-free trade) for most agricultural products. In general, MFN tariffs on U.S. agricultural imports would likely raise prices both to U.S. consumers and other end users, such as manufacturers of value-added food products.
Date:
November 13, 2017
Creator:
Johnson, Renée
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS) in the United States
This report discusses the process of carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) and its use in the United States. Legislation in the 115th Congress and the current state of the CCS process are discussed.
Date:
November 14, 2017
Creator:
Folger, Peter
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Memorandum: Legislation Limiting the President's Power to Use Nuclear Weapons: Separation of Powers Implications
This report examines the constitutional separation of powers principles implicated by legislative proposals that restrict the President's authority to launch nuclear weapons. recent legislation regarding restricting the President's power to use nuclear weapons and historical and legal analysis of the separation of powers principle and its relation to the matter is discussed.
Date:
November 3, 2017
Creator:
Mulligan, Stephen P.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Funding Gaps and Government Shutdowns: CRS Experts
This report provides the names of CRS staff who specialize in each departmental area that is funded by annual appropriations and thus most affected by government shutdowns.
Date:
November 28, 2017
Creator:
Brass, Clinton T.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Navy Force Structure and Shipbuilding Plans: Background and Issues for Congress
This report presents background information and issues for Congress concerning the Navy's force structure and shipbuilding plans. The current and planned size and composition of the Navy, the rate of Navy ship procurement, and the prospective affordability of the Navy's shipbuilding plans have been oversight matters for the congressional defense committees for many years. The Navy's proposed FY2018 budget, as amended on May 24, 2017, requests the procurement of nine new ships, including one Gerald R. Ford (CVN-78) class aircraft carrier, two Virginia-class attack submarines, two DDG-51 class destroyers, two Littoral Combat Ships (LCSs), one TAO-205 class oiler, and one towing, salvage, and rescue ship. On December 15, 2016, the Navy released a new force-structure goal that calls for achieving and maintaining a fleet of 355 ships of certain types and numbers. The issue for Congress is whether to approve, reject, or modify the Navy's force structure and shipbuilding plans. Decisions that Congress makes on this issue can substantially affect Navy capabilities and funding requirements, and the U.S. shipbuilding industrial base.
Date:
November 22, 2017
Creator:
O'Rourke, Ronald
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fiscal Year 2018 National Defense Authorization Act: Selected Military Personnel Issues
This report provides a brief synopsis of selected sections in the National Defense Authorization Act for FY2018 (H.R. 2810), as passed by the House on July 14, 2017, and the Senate on September 18, 2017. The FY2018 NDAA Conference report was passed by the House on November 14, 2017, and the Senate on November 16, 2017. Issues include military endstrengths, pay and benefits, and other personnel policy issues.
Date:
November 22, 2017
Creator:
Kamarck, Kristy N.; Kapp, Lawrence & Torreon, Barbara Salazar
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Contracting the Adversary
This report discusses the training of Navy and Air Force pilots through the use of "adversary" squadrons which fly planes that are either similar or actual versions of those used by enemy countries. The Air Force is considering contracting out this service due to the pilot shortage in the Air Force. Various options and precedent for such contracting services are discussed.
Date:
November 16, 2017
Creator:
Gertler, Jeremiah
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Memorandum: Summary of the Substantive Provisions of S. 2010, the FISA Amendments Reauthorization Act of 2017 and H.R. 3989, The USA Liberty Act of 2017
This report summarizes the substantive provisions of S. 2010, the FISA Amendments Reauthorization Act of 2017, as reported by the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence on October 25, 2017, and H.R. 3989, the USA Liberty Act of 2017, as ordered to be reported by the House Judiciary Committee on November 8, 2017. Both bills primarily amend and reauthorize Title VII of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (FISA).
Date:
November 16, 2017
Creator:
Liu, Edward C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Individual Mandate for Health Insurance Coverage: In Brief
This report provides an overview of the individual mandate, its associated penalty, and the exemptions from the mandate. It discusses the ACA reporting requirements designed, in part, to assist individuals in providing evidence of having met the mandate. The report includes some national- and state-level data on the application of the mandate's penalty in tax year (TY) 2014 and TY2015.
Date:
November 16, 2017
Creator:
Mach, Annie L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Joint Employment and the Save Local Business Act
This report discusses the proposed "Save Local Business Act" in the House and its provisions and implications for employers and employees in businesses where unions exist. The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) broadening of the definition of what constituted a joint employer in the case of Browning-Ferris Industries of California led to resist by some in the business community and the "Save Local Business Act" seeks to restore the former more narrow definition of joint employers.
Date:
November 15, 2017
Creator:
Shimabukuro, Jon O.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
EPA Proposes to Repeal the Clean Power Plan
This report discuses the EPA proposal in October 2017 to repeal the "Clean Power Plan" due to their determination after review of the rule that it exceeded their statutory authority to implement it. Steps in the process of repealing the rule, the outcome of the current court case regarding the rule, and possible replacement rules regarding Carbon dioxide emissions and power plants.
Date:
November 13, 2017
Creator:
Tsang, Linda
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Division A of H.R. 3922: The CHAMPIONING HEALTHY KIDS Act
This report summarizes provisions in Division A of the CHAMPIONING HEALTHY KIDS Act. Division A would extend funding for several public health programs that had received directed appropriations through FY2017. It would also make a number of changes to these programs and would provide offsets for the proposed funding extensions. The House passed the CHAMPIONING HEALTHY KIDS Act on November 3, 2017, by a vote of 242 to 174. CRS Report R44989, "Comparison of the Bills to Extend State Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) Funding", summarizes provisions in Division B.
Date:
November 7, 2017
Creator:
Heisler, Elayne J.; Fernandes-Alcantara, Adrienne L.; Fernandez, Bernadette & Lister, Sarah A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Generalized System of Preferences: Overview and Issues for Congress
This report discusses the U.S. Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) program which provides non-reciprocal, duty-free tariff treatment to certain products imported from designated beneficiary developing countries (BDCs). This report examines, first, recent legislative developments, along with a brief history, economic rationale, and legal background leading to the establishment of the GSP. Second, the report describes U.S. GSP implementation. Third, the report briefly analyzes of the U.S. program's effectiveness and stakeholders' views, and discusses possible options for Congress in renewing the program for fiscal year 2018.
Date:
November 14, 2017
Creator:
Jones, Vivian C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
FDA Human Medical Product User Fee Programs: In Brief
This report discusses FDA human medical product user fees for prescription drugs, medical devices, generic drugs, and biosimilars which are charged to companies producing the products and make up a large portion of the FDA's revenues. User fees are authorized in legislation on a five-year cycle, with authority for their actual collection and expenditure provided each year through the annual appropriations process. Appendix A outlines various features of the user fee programs.
Date:
November 21, 2017
Creator:
Dabrowska, Agata; Johnson, Judith A.; Sarata, Amanda K. & Thaul, Susan
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Diversity Immigrant Visa Program
This report discuses the Diversity Immigrant Visa program (DV) which is a lottery system that makes 50,000 visas available annually to immigrants from countries who had sent less than 50,000 immigrants to the U.S. over the last five years. Eligibility, the application and admission process, statistics on places of origin, and legislative proposals are discussed.
Date:
November 9, 2017
Creator:
Wilson, Jill H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
A Primer on U.S. Immigration Policy
This report provides a broad overview of U.S. immigration policy. The first section addresses policies governing how foreign nationals enter the United States either to reside permanently or to stay temporarily. Related topics within this section include visa issuance and security, forms of quasi-legal status, and naturalization. The second section discusses enforcement policies both for excluding foreign nationals from admission into the United States, as well as for detaining and removing those who enter the country unlawfully or who enter lawfully but subsequently commit crimes that make them deportable. The section also covers worksite enforcement and immigration fraud. The third section addresses policies for unauthorized aliens residing in the United States.
Date:
November 14, 2017
Creator:
Kandel, William A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Tax Reform: The Child Credit and the Child Care Credit
This report discusses the child credit and the child care credit and what changes are being made to them in the new tax reform plan currently being debated. This report provides background to help assess who would be assisted by potential changes to either credit. It shows what types of families with children receive both credits and how the credits are distributed across the income distribution.
Date:
November 13, 2017
Creator:
Crandall-Hollick, Margot L. & Falk, Gene
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The National Science Foundation: Fiscal Year 2018 Appropriations and Funding History
This report outlines the National Science Foundation's 2017 fiscal year appropriations request and compares it with past years.The Trump Administration is seeking $6.653 billion for NSF in FY2018, an $819 million decrease (-11%) from the FY2017 enacted level of $7.472 billion.
Date:
November 2, 2017
Creator:
Harris, Laurie A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Iran's Foreign and Defense Policies
This report discusses Iran's foreign and defense policies and their motivations. Policies in each area of the world and their nuclear programs are discussed.
Date:
November 7, 2017
Creator:
Katzman, Kenneth
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The United Arab Emirates (UAE): Issues for U.S. Policy
This report discusses the United Arab Emirates's (UAE) politics and governmental structure, economy, regional foreign policies including their part in the June 2017 isolation of Qatar due to their support for the Muslim Brotherhood, human rights concerns related to the UAE, and U.S. relations with the UAE.
Date:
November 2, 2017
Creator:
Katzman, Kenneth
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Monuments and Memorials Authorized and Completed Under the Commemorative Works Act in the District of Columbia
This report describes memorials built under the authority of the Commemorative Works Act (CWA) of 1986 in the District of Columbia. It contains a catalog of the 19 authorized works that have been completed and dedicated since 1986. For each memorial, the report provides a rationale for each authorized work, as expressed by a Member of Congress, as well as the statutory authority for its creation; and identifies the group or groups which sponsored the commemoration, the memorial's location, and the dedication date. A picture of each work is also included. The Appendix includes a map showing each completed memorial's location.
Date:
November 17, 2017
Creator:
Straus, Jacob R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Turkey: Background and U.S. Relations In Brief
This report discuses Turkey's relations with the U.S. and growing tensions between the U.S .and Turkey over President Erdogan's domestic power consolidations following a coup attempt in July 2016, regional partnerships with Russia, relations with the Kurds, and a series of diplomatic and human rights incidents.
Date:
November 9, 2017
Creator:
Zanotti, Jim & Thomas, Clayton
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Lebanon
This report provides an overview of Lebanon's political and governmental structure, economy, security situation, refugee population, and other current issues of U.S. interest. It provides background information, analyzes recent developments and key policy debates, and tracks legislation, U.S. assistance, and recent congressional action.
Date:
November 9, 2017
Creator:
Humud, Carla E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library