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Iran Policy and the European Union
This report discusses the European Union's reaction to President Trump's announcement of a new strategy for Iran and that the U.S. would not re-certify Iran under the Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act (INARA) which is separate from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) made in 2015. The European Union has expressed dismay with the announcement and urged support for the continued implementation of the JCPOA.
Date:
October 18, 2017
Creator:
Mix, Derek E. & Katzman, Kenneth
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Airline Passenger Denied Boarding: Rules and Regulations
This report discusses regulations regarding an airline's responsibilities when a passenger with a confirmed ticket is denied boarding on a flight due to lack of seats (known as overselling). The various updates to the original regulation from 1967 are discussed with the latest modifications occurring in 2015.
Date:
April 21, 2017
Creator:
Tang, Rachel Y.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Trespassing: The Leading Cause of Rail-Related Fatalities
This report discusses rail-related fatalities and the problem of trespassing by pedestrians on the railroad tracks which is the leading cause of fatalities in rail incidents. Statistics on fatalities, known causes of trespassing, and initiatives to reduce trespassing incidents such as Operation Lifesaver are discussed.
Date:
August 15, 2017
Creator:
Frittelli, John
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Ongoing Section 232 Steel and Aluminium Investigations
This report discuses two investigations by the Department of Commerce related to Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962 which allows the President to impose tariffs or quotas on imported goods if it is in the interest of national security. These investigations are being conducted on the steel and aluminium industries to determine whether the President can and whether he should impose import restrictions. Mixed reactions to the investigations and proposals are also discussed.
Date:
July 28, 2017
Creator:
Fefer, Rachel F.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Contracting the Adversary
This report discusses the training of Navy and Air Force pilots through the use of "adversary" squadrons which fly planes that are either similar or actual versions of those used by enemy countries. The Air Force is considering contracting out this service due to the pilot shortage in the Air Force. Various options and precedent for such contracting services are discussed.
Date:
November 16, 2017
Creator:
Gertler, Jeremiah
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Diversity Immigrant Visa Program
This report discuses the Diversity Immigrant Visa program (DV) which is a lottery system that makes 50,000 visas available annually to immigrants from countries who had sent less than 50,000 immigrants to the U.S. over the last five years. Eligibility, the application and admission process, statistics on places of origin, and legislative proposals are discussed.
Date:
November 9, 2017
Creator:
Wilson, Jill H.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Tax Reform: The Child Credit and the Child Care Credit
This report discusses the child credit and the child care credit and what changes are being made to them in the new tax reform plan currently being debated. This report provides background to help assess who would be assisted by potential changes to either credit. It shows what types of families with children receive both credits and how the credits are distributed across the income distribution.
Date:
November 13, 2017
Creator:
Crandall-Hollick, Margot L. & Falk, Gene
System:
The UNT Digital Library
GAO Issues Opinions on Applicability of Congressional Review Act to Two Guidance Documents
This report discusses the Government Accountability Office's (GAO) issued opinions regarding whether a 2013 interagency guidance document and a 2016 amendment to the Tongass Land and Resource Management Plan by the Department of Agriculture were considered "rules" and as such be subject to the Congressional Review Act (CRA). The GAO determined neither document was a rule and thus they were not subject to CRA.
Date:
October 25, 2017
Creator:
Carey, Maeve P.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The President's Fiscal Year 2018 Budget Request for the Department of Energy
This report discusses President's Trump's 2018 fiscal year budget request for the Department of Energy. The FY2018 request is $28.0 billion which is $2.7 billion (8.8%) less than the FY2017 enacted appropriations of $30.7 billion. While this request would reduce the total budget for DOE, it would increase overall funding for the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) and increase funding for cleanup programs within the Office of Environmental Management. The request would reduce funding for the Offices of Science, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Nuclear Energy (NE), Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability (OE), and Fossil Energy (including the Fossil Energy Research and Development [R&D] program). It would also reduce funding for the Advanced Research Projects AgencyEnergy (ARPA-E) to wind down operations in FY2018 for cessation of its functions in FY2019, and would eliminate funding for two programs within EERE--the Weatherization Assistance Program and State Energy Program--and two programs within the Loan Program Office--Title XVII Innovative Technology Loan Guarantee Program (Title XVII Loan Program) and Advanced Technology Vehicle Manufacturing (ATVM) Loan Program in FY2018.
Date:
June 5, 2017
Creator:
Clark, Corrie E.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Natural Disasters of 2017: Congressional Considerations Related to FEMA Assistance
This report provides a short overview of issues Congress may consider in its oversight of the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA's) federal assistance during the 2017 hurricane season (e.g., Harvey, Irma, and Maria) and other disasters (e.g., fires in California).
Date:
November 2, 2017
Creator:
Brown, Jared T.; Horn, Diane P.; Painter, William L. & Reese, Shawn
System:
The UNT Digital Library
When an Agency's Budget Request Does Not Match the President's Request: The Fiscal Year 2018 CFTC Request and "Budget Bypass"
This report discuses two competing 2018 fiscal year budget requests for the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) from President Trump and from the CFTC themselves. The Presidential request is $250 million, which is the same amount the CFTC had the past year, while CFTC is requesting an additional $31.5 million in funding for a total request of $ 281.5 million. The process of submitting budgets to the President and Congress is discussed as well as ways to reconcile the two conflicting budget requests.
Date:
June 7, 2017
Creator:
Monke, Jim; Miller, Rena S. & Brass, Clinton T.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Energy Tax Provisions in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Acts (H.R.1)
This report discusses energy-related tax provisions in the The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (H.R.1). These changes are summarized in Table 1. H.R. 1 includes a broad restructuring of the federal income tax system. A full analysis of the consequences of this proposal for the energy sector, or various subsets of the energy sector, is beyond the scope of this insight.
Date:
November 8, 2017
Creator:
Sherlock, Molly F. & Hughes, Joseph S.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Doing Business with Iran: EU-Iran Trade and Investment Relations
This report discusses the European Union's (EU's) resumption of business with Iran after the signing of the 2015 nuclear disarmament agreement which led to the lifting of nuclear related sanctions. It outlines rates of business and major investments in Iran by European companies and the effect possible U.S. re-imposition of sanctions against Iran may have on the market and U.S.-EU relations.
Date:
October 25, 2017
Creator:
Cimino-Isaacs, Cathleen D. & Katzman, Kenneth
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Unauthorized Childhood Arrivals: Legislative Options
This report discusses bills proposed in Congress that either would provide temporary protection from removal or paths to citizenship for Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) recipients in the wake of the announcement of the phasing out of the DACA program.
Date:
September 14, 2017
Creator:
Bruno, Andorra
System:
The UNT Digital Library
China's February 2017 Suspension of North Korean Coal Imports
This report discusses China's suspension of coal trade with North Korea for the remainder of 2017 which keeps China in compliance with an UN agreement to limit coal buying from North Korea that was implemented in November 2016 in response to continued nuclear tests by North Korea. Coal's value as an export to North Korea, China's trade with North Korea, quantities of coal and its value that was imported into China in 2016 and 2017, and possible reasons and implications for China's decision are discussed.
Date:
April 25, 2017
Creator:
Lawrence, Susan V.; Manyin, Mark E. & Hammond, Keigh E.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
DOE's Grid Resiliency Pricing Rule
This report discusses a recently proposed rule by the Secretary of Energy "The Grid Resiliency Pricing Rule" which directs the Federal Energy Regulatory Committee (FERC) to establish "just and reasonable rates" for wholesale electricity sales in competitive markets. The rule is seen as as supporting coal-powered power plants, which have lost sales due to lower prices from more efficient and cheaper natural gas fired plants and alternative energy sources, because a recent report by the Department of Energy categorizes coal and nuclear powered plants as more fuel-secure and resilient due to supplies of fuel kept on hand that would allow the plants to be self-sufficient for a period after a a disaster.
Date:
October 13, 2017
Creator:
Campbell, Richard J.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Open Skies Treaty: Issues in the Current Debate
This report discuses the Open Skies Treaty that was signed in 1992 and began operation in 2002 between 34 countries in Europe and North America including the U.S. It allows member countries to fly unarmed observation flights with cameras and video capabilities within certain parameters in other member countries territory without air-space restrictions over military installations and activities to increase transparency and help prevent accidental war. Recent noncompliance by Russia in certain areas is also discussed.
Date:
August 10, 2017
Creator:
Woolf, Amy F.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Attack on U.S. Soldiers in Niger: Context and Issues for Congress
This report discusses an attack on U.S. Special Operation Forces assisting local military forces in Niger in counterterrorism efforts which killed four U.S. military personnel and wounded two as well as killing several Niger military personnel. The U.S. response to the attack, the growing threat of Islamic extremism and terrorism in the Sahel of Africa, and terrorism and political and social instability in Niger are also discussed.
Date:
October 5, 2017
Creator:
Arieff, Alexis
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Recent Developments in U.S. Aid to Egypt
This report discusses recent controversies over U.S. aid to Egypt and various announcements and threats to cut aid off due to Egypt's passage of a strict regulatory law for NGO's and possible ties with North Korea.
Date:
September 29, 2017
Creator:
Sharp, Jeremy M.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
President Trump's Proclamation on Enhanced Vetting of Foreign Nationals from Designated Countries
This report discusses President Trump's Proclamation on on Enhanced Vetting for Foreign Nationals from Designated Countries which was issued on September 24, 2017 and is a newly revised version of the previously blocked executive orders which blocked entry to people from certain Muslim-majority countries and refugees temporarily. The new list of countries with travel bans or special scrutiny consists of Iran, Libya, Somalia, Syria, Yemen, North Korea, Chad, and Venezuela (only certain government officials). These countries were selected based on Department of Homeland Security evaluations on identity management strategies, information sharing, and national security and public safety risk. The types of bans for each countries and exceptions are also discussed.
Date:
September 29, 2017
Creator:
Kandel, William A.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Federal Agricultural Recovery Resources for Hurricane-Related Losses
This report provides a short overview of select agricultural recovery resources related to hurricanes such as Harvey and Irma. It is not a comprehensive list (see "CRS Resources" below for more information about programs) and is not intended to provide up-to-date information on unfolding events. For additional support, please contact available CRS experts in hurricane-related issue areas.
Date:
September 8, 2017
Creator:
Stubbs, Megan
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Fiscal Year 2018: Current Action
This report outlines the legislative process in Congress of Homeland Security appropriations for fiscal year 2018 which have passed the House as part of a consolidated appropriations bill while the Senate version is still awaiting subcommittee markup.
Date:
October 18, 2017
Creator:
Painter, William L.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Scientific Basis of Environmental Protection Agency Actions: H.R. 1430 and H.R. 1431
This report discusses House bills H.R. 1430 and 1431 which were passed by the House in late March 2017. These bills address regulations regarding the EPA's obligation to share the scientific basis for their actions.
Date:
April 4, 2017
Creator:
Yen, Jerry H.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Revenue Baseline for Tax Reform
This report provides information on the current revenue baseline as calculated by the Congressional Budget Office (CBO). This report also discusses how the enactment of changes in tax policy can potentially change the baseline, and implications of these changes for subsequent legislation, such as tax reform.
Date:
April 14, 2017
Creator:
Sherlock, Molly F. & Driessen, Grant A.
System:
The UNT Digital Library