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The 2006 U.S.-Canada Softwood Lumber Trade Agreement (SLA): In Brief
This report provides information and analysis on the 2006 Softwood Lumber Agreement (SLA) to provide background for current negotiations over softwood lumber.
Date:
May 18, 2017
Creator:
Hoover, Katie & Fergusson, Ian F.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Application of the "One Central Reason: Standard in Asylum and Withholding of Removal Cases
This report discusses asylum and withholding of removal immigration cases, and the application of the "one central reason" rule which dictates that asylum claimants demonstrate that an approved persecution grounds is one of the central reason they are claiming asylum. The same standard has been used in withholding of removal claim cases but a recent ruling by the U.S. Ninth Circuit Court stated that the "one central reason" rule does not apply to withholding of removal cases creating a split in opinion among courts.
Date:
December 18, 2017
Creator:
Smith, Hillel R.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Border-Adjusted Consumption Taxes and Exchange Rate Movements: Theory and Evidence
This report provides a basic framework for understanding how and why exchange rates could respond to a Border-Adjusted Tax (BAT). It first describes a BAT(which does not tax exports) and uses several examples to illustrate how one works. It then summarizes the standard economic theory of how exchange rates should respond to a BAT, as well as the arguments against the theoretical predictions. Finally, this report reviews the existing literature that has empirically investigated the relationship between exchange rates and BAT systems in other countries.
Date:
April 18, 2017
Creator:
Driessen, Grant A. & Keightley, Mark P.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Buying American: Protecting U.S. Manufacturing Through the Berry and Kissell Amendments
This report discusses the Berry and Kissell amendments, two separate but closely-related laws requiring that certain goods purchased by national security agencies be produced in the United States.
Date:
May 18, 2017
Creator:
Platzer, Michaela D.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Changes in the Arctic: Background and Issues for Congress
This report provides an overview of Arctic-related issues for Congress, and refers readers to more in-depth CRS reports on specific Arctic-related issues. Some general issues include Arctic territorial disputes; commercial shipping through the Arctic; Arctic oil, gas, and mineral exploration; endangered Arctic species; and increased military operations in the Arctic, which could cause the region in coming years to become an arena of international cooperation or competition.
Date:
September 18, 2017
Creator:
O'Rourke, Ronald
System:
The UNT Digital Library
China Naval Modernization: Implications for U.S. Navy Capabilities-Background and Issues for Congress
This report provides background information and issues for Congress on China's naval modernization effort and its implications for U.S. Navy capabilities. The question of how the United States should respond to China's military modernization effort, including its naval modernization effort, is a key issue in U.S. defense planning and budgeting. Decisions that Congress reaches on this issue could affect U.S. Navy capabilities and funding requirements and the U.S. defense industrial base.
Date:
August 18, 2017
Creator:
O'Rourke, Ronald
System:
The UNT Digital Library
China Naval Modernization: Implications for U.S. Navy Capabilities: Background and Issues for Congress
This report provides background information and issues for Congress on China's naval modernization effort and its implications for U.S. Navy capabilities. The question of how the United States should respond to China's military modernization effort, including its naval modernization effort, is a key issue in U.S. defense planning and budgeting. Many U.S. military programs for countering improving Chinese military forces (particularly its naval forces) fall within the U.S. Navy's budget.
Date:
September 18, 2017
Creator:
O'Rourke, Ronald
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Concurrent Receipt: Background and Issues for Congress
This report addresses the two primary components of the concurrent receipt program: Combat-Related Special Compensation (CRSC) and Concurrent Retirement and Disability Payments (CRDP). It reviews the possible legislative expansion of the program to additional populations and provide several potential options for Congress to consider.
Date:
January 18, 2017
Creator:
Kamarck, Kristy N.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Congress Faces Calls to Address Expired Funds for Primary Care
This report discusses funding for the Health Centers Program and the National Health Service Corps (NHSC) which provide medical care to underserved populations through health centers and provide scholarships and loan repayment to physicians in exchange for working in underserved areas for at least two years through the NHSC.
Date:
October 18, 2017
Creator:
Heisler, Elayne J. & Redhead, C. Stephen
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Cuba: Issues and Actions in the 114th Congress
This report discusses Cuba's political succession in 2006 from the long-ruling Fidel Castro to his brother Raúl, human rights, and a number of market-oriented economic policy changes.
Date:
January 18, 2017
Creator:
Sullivan, Mark P.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Defense Authorization and Appropriations Bills: FY1970-FY2017
This report is a research aid that lists the Department of Defense (DOD) authorization bills (Table 1) and appropriations bills (Table 2) for FY1970-FY2017. This report includes all the pertinent information on the passage of these bills through the legislative process: bill numbers, report numbers, dates reported and passed, recorded vote numbers and vote tallies, dates of passage of the conference reports with their numbers and votes, vetoes, substitutions, dates of final passage, and public law numbers.
Date:
January 18, 2017
Creator:
DeBruyne, Nese F.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Fiscal Year 2018: Current Action
This report outlines the legislative process in Congress of Homeland Security appropriations for fiscal year 2018 which have passed the House as part of a consolidated appropriations bill while the Senate version is still awaiting subcommittee markup.
Date:
October 18, 2017
Creator:
Painter, William L.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Economic Impact of Infrastructure Investment
This report provides an overview of the trends surrounding infrastructure investment in the United States and examines the potential impact of additional infrastructure investments on economic output and employment.
Date:
July 18, 2017
Creator:
Stupak, Jeffrey M.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Election in Germany
This report gives a brief overview of the 2017 chancellorship election campaign in Germany where Chancellor Angela Merkel is running for her 4th term in office. The major political parties and issues in the campaign are discussed as well as possible effects on U.S. relations with Germany.
Date:
September 18, 2017
Creator:
Belkin, Paul
System:
The UNT Digital Library
EPA's Role in Emergency Planning and Notification at Chemical Facilities
This report reviews the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) authorities regarding risk management, emergency planning, and release notification, among others, at chemical facilities. In doing so, it describes the statutory authorities--and makes note of some of the more prominent, subsequent regulations--as provided by the following: facility risk management planning requirements under Section 112(r)(7) of the Clean Air Act (CAA); emergency planning notification requirements under the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act of 1986 (EPCRA); emergency release notification requirements under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA); duties of the Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board, known as the Chemical Safety Board (CSB), under Section 112(r)(6) of the CAA; and toxic release inventory reporting requirements under EPCRA.
Date:
September 18, 2017
Creator:
Lattanzio, Richard K. & Bearden, David M.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Executive Order for Review of National Monuments: Background and Data
This report discusses the review process of national monuments established or expanded since 1996 that exceed 100,000 acres that was mandated by President Trump's executive order on April 26, 2017, and its results. The final report from the Interior Department was submitted to the President on August 24, 2017, and made individual recommendations for 10 of the 27 monuments that were reviewed.
Date:
October 18, 2017
Creator:
Vincent, Carol Hardy & Hanson, Laura A.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fact Sheet: FY2017 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) DOD Reform Proposals
This report discusses information on extant Department of Defense (DOD) reform proposals being considered during the FY2017 National Defense Authorization Act debates. It includes key provisions incorporated in H.R. 4909, the FY2017 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) reported by the House Armed Services Committee on May 4, 2016 (H.Rept. 114-537), and S. 2943, the FY2017 National Defense Authorization Act reported by the Senate Armed Services Committee on May 18, 2016 (S.Rept. 114-255).
Date:
May 18, 2017
Creator:
McInnis, Kathleen J.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Factors Related to the Use of Planned Parenthood Affiliated Health Centers (PPAHCs) and Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs)
This report provides background information and data that may be useful for policymakers evaluating the recent debates regarding health services to disadvantaged populations at Planned Parenthood Health Centers (PPAHCs) and whether the same services could be offered at other health centers. Although a number of other facility types could potentially provide similar services as PPAHCs, this report focuses on federally qualified health centers (FQHCs)--a term used interchangeably with health centers or community health centers--because these facilities have been the focus of recent policy discussions, including the American Health Care Act of 2017 (H.R. 1628, AHCA) in the 115th Congress. This report provides information on three central dimensions of health care. For one health facility to begin to provide services to patients that had previously been seen at a different facility, one could argue that the receiving facility should provide similar services, serve a similar population, and be located in a similar geographic area.This report provides national-level data on these three dimensions.
Date:
May 18, 2017
Creator:
Heisler, Elayne J. & Elliott, Victoria L.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Federal Disaster Assistance Response and Recovery Programs: Brief Summaries
This report is designed to assist Members of Congress and their staff as they address the needs of their states, communities, and constituents after a disaster. It includes a summary of federal programs that provide federal disaster assistance to individual survivors, states, territories, local governments, and nongovernmental entities following a natural or man-made disaster.
Date:
July 18, 2017
Creator:
Torsell, Carolyn V. & Nagel, Jared C.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Field Hearings: Fact Sheet on Purposes, Rules, Regulations, and Guidelines
This report outlines the basic facts on what a Congressional field hearing is and the rules authorizing and regulating them along with current examples of field hearings from the 115th Congress.
Date:
September 18, 2017
Creator:
Heitshusen, Valerie & Petersen, R. Eric
System:
The UNT Digital Library
FY2018 Appropriations for Department of Justice Grant Programs
This report discusses the funding for a variety of grant programs through the Department of Justice (DOJ).
Date:
July 18, 2017
Creator:
James, Nathan
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Human Trafficking: New Global Estimates of Forced Labor and Modern Slavery
This report discusses a new report by the International Labor Organization (ILO) and the Walk Free Foundation that estimates that 40.3 million people worldwide were victims of modern slavery (including forced labor run by individuals and governments, forced marriages, and sex trafficking) which used a new methodology that combined multiple data sources and statistical probability calculations. A brief overview of the findings, past reports and variance between State Department Trafficking in Persons (TIP reports and other reports such as this one, and varying definitions of the terms modern slavery, human trafficking, and forced labor are discussed. Current bills to reauthorize the Trafficking Victims Protection Act (TVPA) in Congress are also discussed.
Date:
October 18, 2017
Creator:
Rosen, Liana W.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Iran Policy and the European Union
This report discusses the European Union's reaction to President Trump's announcement of a new strategy for Iran and that the U.S. would not re-certify Iran under the Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act (INARA) which is separate from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) made in 2015. The European Union has expressed dismay with the announcement and urged support for the continued implementation of the JCPOA.
Date:
October 18, 2017
Creator:
Mix, Derek E. & Katzman, Kenneth
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Islamic State and U.S. Policy
This report provides background on the Islamic State organization, discusses its goals, operations, and affiliates, reviews U.S. legislative and policy debates, and describes select FY2017 legislative proposals.
Date:
January 18, 2017
Creator:
Blanchard, Christopher M. & Humud, Carla E.
System:
The UNT Digital Library