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Taiwan's January 2016 Elections: A Preview (open access)

Taiwan's January 2016 Elections: A Preview

This report briefly provides context for the January 16, 2016 presidential and legislative elections in Taiwan. The elections may determine whether an eight-year period of relative calm in relations between Taiwan (whose formal name is the Republic of China or ROC) and the People's Republic of China (PRC) continues, or comes to an end.
Date: January 12, 2016
Creator: Lawrence, Susan V. & Morrison, Wayne M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Big Data in U.S. Agriculture (open access)

Big Data in U.S. Agriculture

This report discusses big data within the context of agriculture. Many observers predict that the growth of big data will bring positive benefits through enhanced production, resource efficiency, and improved adaptation to climate change. While lauded for its potentially revolutionary applications, big data is not without issues. From a policy perspective, issues related to big data involve nearly every stage of its existence, including its collection (how it is captured), management (how it is stored and managed), and use (how it is analyzed and used). It is still unclear how big data will progress within agriculture due to technical and policy challenges, such as privacy and security, for producers and policymakers. As Congress follows the issue, a number of questions may arise, including a principal one--what is the federal role?
Date: January 6, 2016
Creator: Stubbs, Megan
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Juvenile Justice Funding Trends (open access)

Juvenile Justice Funding Trends

This report provides a brief overview of the juvenile justice grant programs and the overall appropriation administered by the Department of Justice's (DOJ's) Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP). There is no federal juvenile justice system, however the government uses federal juvenile justice entities and grant programs in order to influence the states' systems. Eligibility for some of these grant programs is tied to certain mandates that the states must adhere to in order to receive federal funding.
Date: January 8, 2016
Creator: Finklea, Kristin
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The U.S. Military Presence in Okinawa and the Futenma Base Controversy (open access)

The U.S. Military Presence in Okinawa and the Futenma Base Controversy

This report provides background information on the U.S.-Japan alliance and discusses the politics of U.S. basing in Okinawa.
Date: January 20, 2016
Creator: Chanlett-Avery, Emma & Rinehart, Ian E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Iran's Nuclear Program: Tehran's Compliance with International Obligations (open access)

Iran's Nuclear Program: Tehran's Compliance with International Obligations

This report provides a brief overview of Iran's nuclear program and describes the legal basis for the actions taken by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) board and the Security Council.
Date: February 8, 2016
Creator: Kerr, Paul K.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The TRIO Programs: A Primer (open access)

The TRIO Programs: A Primer

This report is an introduction to the TRIO programs: the primary federal programs providing support services to disadvantaged students to promote achievement in postsecondary education. The TRIO programs were so named by the 1968 Higher Education Act (HEA) amendments, which consolidated a trio of programs under one title. The report provides an overview the programs, summarizes recent evaluations and performance reports, and reviews the Department of Education's progress in implementing HEOA.
Date: January 11, 2016
Creator: Dortch, Cassandria
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Iran Nuclear Agreement (open access)

Iran Nuclear Agreement

This report provides background on the agreement negotiated by Iran and six other countries (the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Russia, China, and Germany--collectively known as the P5+1) regarding Iran's nuclear program, and discusses the implications for U.S.-Iran relations.
Date: January 19, 2016
Creator: Katzman, Kenneth & Kerr, Paul K.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
El Salvador: Background and U.S. Relations (open access)

El Salvador: Background and U.S. Relations

This report examines El Salvador's recent history, as well as its current political, economic, and security/human rights challenges. It then analyzes key issues in U.S.-Salvadoran relations.
Date: January 28, 2016
Creator: Ribando Seelke, Clare
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Federal Grant Financial Reporting Requirements and Databases: Frequently Asked Questions (open access)

Federal Grant Financial Reporting Requirements and Databases: Frequently Asked Questions

This report provides an introduction to reporting requirements placed on federal grant recipients, including requirements that must be met to seek federal grant funds. It also describes the databases containing information about grant awards, the types of information collected on grant recipients, and the availability of that information to the public.
Date: February 11, 2016
Creator: Keegan, Natalie
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Good Cause Exception to Notice and Comment Rulemaking: Judicial Review of Agency Action (open access)

The Good Cause Exception to Notice and Comment Rulemaking: Judicial Review of Agency Action

This report will examine judicial analysis of the good cause standard and map several factors that lead courts to uphold or reject agencies' invocation of the exception. Federal agencies issue numerous rules pursuant to congressionally delegated authority. The Administrative Procedure Act's (APA's) "good cause" exception, however, permits agencies to forgo Section 553's notice and comment requirement if "the agency for good cause finds" that compliance would be "impracticable, unnecessary, or contrary to the public interest" and to bypass its requirement that rules be published 30 days before implementation if good cause exists.
Date: January 29, 2016
Creator: Cole, Jared P.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Joint Light Tactical Vehicle (JLTV): Background and Issues for Congress (open access)

Joint Light Tactical Vehicle (JLTV): Background and Issues for Congress

This report discusses the Joint Light Tactical Vehicle (JLTV), which is an Army-led, multi-service initiative to develop a family of light tactical vehicles as a successor to the High Mobility, Multi-Wheeled Vehicles (HMMWVs). It includes background information; a description of the JLTV program, program history, and program activities; information about the JLTV contract, Lockheed Martin's protest to the program, budgetary issues, and potential issues for Congress.
Date: February 18, 2016
Creator: Feickert, Andrew
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Trends in the Timing and Size of DHS Appropriations: In Brief (open access)

Trends in the Timing and Size of DHS Appropriations: In Brief

This report examines trends in the timing and size of homeland security appropriations measures.
Date: January 20, 2016
Creator: Painter, William L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Saudi Arabia: Background and U.S. Relations (open access)

Saudi Arabia: Background and U.S. Relations

This report discusses the kingdom of Saudi Arabia's relations with the United States; its stability, and its future trajectory are subjects of continuing congressional interest.
Date: February 5, 2016
Creator: Blanchard, Christopher M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Navy Force Structure and Shipbuilding Plans: Background and Issues for Congress (open access)

Navy Force Structure and Shipbuilding Plans: Background and Issues for Congress

This report presents background information and issues for Congress concerning the Navy's ship force-structure goals and shipbuilding plans. The planned size of the Navy, the rate of Navy ship procurement, and the prospective affordability of the Navy's shipbuilding plans have been matters of concern for the congressional defense committees for the past several years.
Date: January 8, 2016
Creator: O'Rourke, Ronald
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
International Trade and Finance: Key Policy Issues for the 114th Congress, 2nd Session (open access)

International Trade and Finance: Key Policy Issues for the 114th Congress, 2nd Session

This report provides a brief overview of some of the trade and finance issues that may come before the second session of the 114th Congress.
Date: February 29, 2016
Creator: Irace, Mary A. & Akhtar, Shayerah I.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Brazil: Background and U.S. Relations (open access)

Brazil: Background and U.S. Relations

This report discusses the current political and economic situation in Brazil and examines the U.S.'s commercial relationship with the country. The United States traditionally has enjoyed robust economic and political relations with Brazil on issues ranging from international development to climate change.
Date: February 11, 2016
Creator: Meyer, Peter J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Federal Cybersecurity Workforce: Background and Congressional Oversight Issues for the Departments of Defense and Homeland Security (open access)

The Federal Cybersecurity Workforce: Background and Congressional Oversight Issues for the Departments of Defense and Homeland Security

This report examines congressional oversight of two strategies undertaken by Congress and the executive branch to strengthen the federal cybersecurity workforce: initiatives to define and identify the federal cybersecurity workforce, and hiring and pay flexibilities applicable to cybersecurity positions at the Department of Defense (DOD) and the Department of Homeland Security (DHS).
Date: January 8, 2016
Creator: Francis, Kathryn A. & Ginsberg, Wendy
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Kuwait: Governance, Security, and U.S. Policy (open access)

Kuwait: Governance, Security, and U.S. Policy

This report looks at Kuwait's relationships with its neighbors in the Persian Gulf, and its own political system which has been in turmoil since 2006. Kuwait remains pivotal to U.S. efforts to secure the Persian Gulf region because of its willingness to cooperate with U.S. strategy and military operations in the region and its proximity to both Iran and Iraq.
Date: February 19, 2016
Creator: Katzman, Kenneth
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Coast Guard Polar Icebreaker Modernization: Background and Issues for Congress (open access)

Coast Guard Polar Icebreaker Modernization: Background and Issues for Congress

This report provides background information and issues for Congress on the sustainment and modernization of the Coast Guard's polar icebreaker fleet. Coast Guard polar icebreakers perform a variety of missions supporting U.S. interests in polar regions. The issue for Congress is whether to approve, reject, or modify the Administration's plans for sustaining and modernizing the polar icebreaking fleet.
Date: January 15, 2016
Creator: O'Rourke, Ronald
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Legislative Options for Financing Water Infrastructure (open access)

Legislative Options for Financing Water Infrastructure

This report addresses several options considered by Congress to address the financing needs of local communities for wastewater and drinking water infrastructure projects and to decrease or close the gap between available funds and projected needs. Possible options include expanding or modifying current programs, establishing long-term revenue to support programs, or encouraging private participation in financing projects.
Date: February 18, 2016
Creator: Copeland, Claudia; Maguire, Steven & Mallett, William J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
National Commission on the Future of the Army (NCFA): Background and Issues for Congress (open access)

National Commission on the Future of the Army (NCFA): Background and Issues for Congress

This report discusses the the National Commission on the Future of the Army (NCFA), which was established to conduct a comprehensive study of the structure of the Army. The NCFA reported its findings to Congress and the Administration on January 28, 2016, and made a number of recommendations that may or may not be acted upon.
Date: February 5, 2016
Creator: Feickert, Andrew
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Use of the Annual Appropriations Process to Block Implementation of the Affordable Care Act (FY2011-FY2016) (open access)

Use of the Annual Appropriations Process to Block Implementation of the Affordable Care Act (FY2011-FY2016)

This report summarizes the language related to the Affordable Care (ACA) that was added to annual appropriations legislation by congressional appropriators since the ACA was signed into law. The information is presented in a table. While a detailed examination of the ACA itself is beyond the scope of this report, a brief overview of the ACA's core provisions and its impact on federal spending is provided as context for the material in the table. Congress remains deeply divided over implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA), which President Obama signed into law in March 2010.
Date: January 5, 2016
Creator: Redhead, C. S. & Cornell, Ada S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Latin America and the Caribbean: Key Issues for the 114th Congress (open access)

Latin America and the Caribbean: Key Issues for the 114th Congress

This report provides an overview of U.S. policy toward Latin America and the Caribbean. It discusses the political and economic environment that affects U.S. relations, and then examines the Obama Administration's policy priorities in the region. The report then examines congressional interests in Latin America, looking at selected regional and country issues.
Date: January 20, 2016
Creator: Sullivan, Mark P.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Jordan: Background and U.S. Relations (open access)

Jordan: Background and U.S. Relations

This report provides an overview of Jordanian politics and current issues in U.S.-Jordanian relations. It provides a brief discussion of Jordan's government and economy and of its cooperation with U.S. policy objectives in the Middle East.
Date: January 27, 2016
Creator: Sharp, Jeremy M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library