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Edge Turbulence Velocity Changes with Lithium Coating on NSTX (open access)

Edge Turbulence Velocity Changes with Lithium Coating on NSTX

Lithium coating improves energy confinement and eliminates edge localized modes in NSTX, but the mechanism of this improvement is not yet well understood. We used the gas-puff-imaging (GPI) diagnostic on NSTX to measure the changes in edge turbulence which occurred during a scan with variable lithium wall coating, in order to help understand the reason for the confinement improvement with lithium. There was a small increase in the edge turbulence poloidal velocity and a decrease in the poloidal velocity fluctuation level with increased lithium. The possible effect of varying edge neutral density on turbulence damping was evaluated for these cases in NSTX. __________________________________________________
Date: August 10, 2012
Creator: A. Cao, S.J. Zweben, D.P. Stotler, M. Bell, A. Diallo, S.M. Kaye and B. LeBlanc
System: The UNT Digital Library
Nanotechnology-Based System for Damage-Resistant Concrete Pavements (open access)

Nanotechnology-Based System for Damage-Resistant Concrete Pavements

This report's focus was to explore the use of nanotechnology-based nanofilaments, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and nanofibers (CNFs), as reinforcement for improving the mechanical properties of Portland cement paste and creating multifunctional and sensing concrete. (p. 1).
Date: August 2012
Creator: Abu Al-Rub, Rashid K.
System: The Portal to Texas History
INSPIRE and SPIRES Log File Analysis (open access)

INSPIRE and SPIRES Log File Analysis

SPIRES, an aging high-energy physics publication data base, is in the process of being replaced by INSPIRE. In order to ease the transition from SPIRES to INSPIRE it is important to understand user behavior and the drivers for adoption. The goal of this project was to address some questions in regards to the presumed two-thirds of the users still using SPIRES. These questions are answered through analysis of the log files from both websites. A series of scripts were developed to collect and interpret the data contained in the log files. The common search patterns and usage comparisons are made between INSPIRE and SPIRES, and a method for detecting user frustration is presented. The analysis reveals a more even split than originally thought as well as the expected trend of user transition to INSPIRE.
Date: August 31, 2012
Creator: Adams, Cole & /SLAC, /Wheaton Coll.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Estimation of Cosmic Induced Contamination in Ultra-low Background Detector Materials (open access)

Estimation of Cosmic Induced Contamination in Ultra-low Background Detector Materials

Executive Summary This document presents the result of investigating a way to reliably determine cosmic induced backgrounds for ultra-low background materials. In particular, it focuses on those radioisotopes produced by the interactions with cosmic ray particles in the detector materials that act as a background for experiments looking for neutrinoless double beta decay. This investigation is motivated by the desire to determine background contributions from cosmic ray activation of the electroformed copper that is being used in the construction of the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR. The most important radioisotope produced in copper that contributes to the background budget is 60Co, which has the potential to deposit energy in the region of interest of this experiment. Cobalt-60 is produced via cosmic ray neutron collisions in the copper. This investigation aims to provide a method for determining whether or not the copper has been exposed to cosmic radiation beyond the threshold which the Majorana Project has established as the maximum exposure. This threshold is set by the Project as the expected contribution of this source of background to the overall background budget. One way to estimate cosmic ray neutron exposure of materials on the surface of the Earth is to relate it to the …
Date: August 1, 2012
Creator: Aguayo Navarrete, Estanislao; Kouzes, Richard T.; Orrell, John L.; Berguson, Timothy J. & Greene, Austen T.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Prototyping Energy Efficient Thermo-Magnetic & Induction Hardening for Heat Treat & Net Shape Forming Applications (open access)

Prototyping Energy Efficient Thermo-Magnetic & Induction Hardening for Heat Treat & Net Shape Forming Applications

Within this project, Eaton undertook the task of bringing about significant impact with respect to sustainability. One of the major goals for the Department of Energy is to achieve energy savings with a corresponding reduction in carbon foot print. The use of a coupled induction heat treatment with high magnetic field heat treatment makes possible not only improved performance alloys, but with faster processing times and lower processing energy, as well. With this technology, substitution of lower cost alloys for more exotic alloys became a possibility; microstructure could be tailored for improved magnetic properties or wear resistance or mechanical performance, as needed. A prototype commercial unit has been developed to conduct processing of materials. Testing of this equipment has been conducted and results demonstrate the feasibility for industrial commercialization.
Date: August 3, 2012
Creator: Ahmad, Aquil
System: The UNT Digital Library
Wisdom Way Solar Village: Design, Construction, and Analysis of a Low Energy Community (open access)

Wisdom Way Solar Village: Design, Construction, and Analysis of a Low Energy Community

This report describes work conducted at the Wisdom Way Solar Village (WWSV), a community of 10 high performance duplexes (20 homes) in Greenfield, MA, constructed by Rural Development, Inc. (RDI). Building America's CARB team monitored temperatures and comfort in several homes during the winter of 2009-2010, and tracked utility bill information from 13 occupied homes. Because of efficient lights, appliances, and conscientious home occupants, the energy generated by the solar electric systems exceeded the electric energy used in most homes.
Date: August 1, 2012
Creator: Aldrich, R.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Method Evaluation And Field Sample Measurements For The Rate Of Movement Of The Oxidation Front In Saltstone (open access)

Method Evaluation And Field Sample Measurements For The Rate Of Movement Of The Oxidation Front In Saltstone

The objective of this work was to develop and evaluate a series of methods and validate their capability to measure differences in oxidized versus reduced saltstone. Validated methods were then applied to samples cured under field conditions to simulate Performance Assessment (PA) needs for the Saltstone Disposal Facility (SDF). Four analytical approaches were evaluated using laboratory-cured saltstone samples. These methods were X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), chemical redox indicators, and thin-section leaching methods. XAS and thin-section leaching methods were validated as viable methods for studying oxidation movement in saltstone. Each method used samples that were spiked with chromium (Cr) as a tracer for oxidation of the saltstone. The two methods were subsequently applied to field-cured samples containing chromium to characterize the oxidation state of chromium as a function of distance from the exposed air/cementitious material surface.
Date: August 23, 2012
Creator: Almond, P. M.; Kaplan, D. I.; Langton, C. A.; Stefanko, D. B.; Spencer, W. A.; Hatfield, A. et al.
System: The UNT Digital Library
PHASE II CHARACTERIZATION SURVEY OF THE USNS BRIDGE (T AOE 10), MILITARY SEALIFT FLEET SUPPORT COMMAND, NAVAL STATION, NORFOLK, VIRGINIA DCN 5180-SR-01-0 (open access)

PHASE II CHARACTERIZATION SURVEY OF THE USNS BRIDGE (T AOE 10), MILITARY SEALIFT FLEET SUPPORT COMMAND, NAVAL STATION, NORFOLK, VIRGINIA DCN 5180-SR-01-0

In March 2011, the USNS Bridge was deployed off northeastern Honshu, Japan with the carrier USS Ronald Reagan to assist with relief efforts after the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami. During that time, the Bridge was exposed to air-borne radioactive materials leaking from the damaged Fukushima I Nuclear Power Plant. The proximity of the Bridge to the air-borne impacted area resulted in the contamination of the ship’s air-handling systems and the associated components, as well as potential contamination of other ship surfaces due to either direct intake/deposition or inadvertent spread from crew/operational activities. Preliminary surveys in the weeks after the event confirmed low-level contamination within the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) ductwork and systems, and engine and other auxiliary air intake systems. Some partial decontamination was performed at that time. In response to the airborne contamination event, Military Sealift Fleet Support Command (MSFSC) contracted Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU), under provisions of the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) contract, to assess the radiological condition of the Bridge. Phase I identified contamination within the CPS filters, ventilation systems, miscellaneous equipment, and other suspect locations that could not accessed at that time (ORAU 2011b). Because the Bridge was …
Date: August 30, 2012
Creator: Altic, Nick A.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Properties and Interactions of Elementary Particles (open access)

Properties and Interactions of Elementary Particles

We summarize the accomplishments over the last renewal period in a broad program of research in experimental and theoretical High Energy Physics, conducted at the University of Michigan, and supported by the U.S. Department of Energy.
Date: August 25, 2012
Creator: Amidei, Dante; Campbell, Myron; Huterer, Dragan; Kane, Gordon; Liu, James; Qian, Jianming et al.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Neutron-Enhanced Calorimetry for Hadrons (NECH): Final Report (open access)

Neutron-Enhanced Calorimetry for Hadrons (NECH): Final Report

We present the results of a project to apply scintillator technology recently developed at Louisiana Tech University to hadronic calorimetry. In particular, we developed a prototype calorimeter module incorporating scintillator embedded with metal oxide nanoparticles as the active layers. These metal oxide nanoparticles of gadolinium oxide, have high cross-sections for interactions with slow neutrons. As a part fo this research project, we have developed a novel method for producing plastic scintillators with metal oxide nanoparticles evenly distributed through the plastic without aggregation.We will test the performance of the calorimeter module in test beam and with a neutron source, in order to measure the response to the neutron component of hadronic showers. We will supplement our detector prototyping activities with detailed studies of the effect of neutron component on the resolution of hadronic energy measurements, particular in the next generation of particle flow calorimeters.
Date: August 31, 2012
Creator: Andrew Stroud, Lee Sawyer
System: The UNT Digital Library
Research and Development of a Low Cost Solar Collector (open access)

Research and Development of a Low Cost Solar Collector

This is a Final Technical Report on the Research and Development completed towards the development of a Low Cost Solar Collector conducted under the DOE cost-sharing award EE-0003591. The objective of this project was to develop a new class of solar concentrators with geometries and manufacturability that could significantly reduce the fully installed cost of the solar collector field for concentrated solar thermal power plants. The goal of the project was to achieve an aggressive cost target of $170/m2, a reduction of up to 50% in the total installed cost of a solar collector field as measured against the current industry benchmark of a conventional parabolic trough. The project plan, and the detailed activities conducted under the scope of the DOE Award project addressed all major drivers that affect solar collector costs. In addition to costs, the study also focused on evaluating technical performance of new collector architectures and compared them to the performance of the industry benchmark parabolic trough. The most notable accomplishment of this DOE award was the delivery of a full-scale integrated design, manufacturing and field installation solution for a new class of solar collector architecture which has been classified as the Bi-Planar Fresnel Collector (BPFC) and …
Date: August 1, 2012
Creator: Ansari, Asif; Philip, Lee & Thouppuarachchi, Chirath
System: The UNT Digital Library
Inherently safer technology gaps analysis study. (open access)

Inherently safer technology gaps analysis study.

None
Date: August 1, 2012
Creator: Anstey, Mitchell R.; Sun, Amy Cha-Tien; Paap, Scott M.; Foltz, Greg W.; Jaeger, Calvin Dell; Hoette, Trisha Marie et al.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Penn State DOE GATE Program (open access)

Penn State DOE GATE Program

The Graduate Automotive Technology Education (GATE) Program at The Pennsylvania State University (Penn State) was established in October 1998 pursuant to an award from the U.S. Department of Energy (U.S. DOE). The focus area of the Penn State GATE Program is advanced energy storage systems for electric and hybrid vehicles.
Date: August 31, 2012
Creator: Anstrom, Joel
System: The UNT Digital Library
Wind to Hydrogen in California: Case Study (open access)

Wind to Hydrogen in California: Case Study

This analysis presents a case study in California for a large scale, standalone wind electrolysis site. This is a techno-economic analysis of the 40,000 kg/day renewable production of hydrogen and subsequent delivery by truck to a fueling station in the Los Angeles area. This quantity of hydrogen represents about 1% vehicle market penetration for a city such as Los Angeles (assuming 0.62 kg/day/vehicle and 0.69 vehicles/person) [8]. A wind site near the Mojave Desert was selected for proximity to the LA area where hydrogen refueling stations are already built.
Date: August 1, 2012
Creator: Antonia, O. & Saur, G.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Energy Saving Melting and Revert Reduction Technology: Innovative Semi-Solid Metal (SSM) Processing (open access)

Energy Saving Melting and Revert Reduction Technology: Innovative Semi-Solid Metal (SSM) Processing

Semi-solid metal (SSM) processing has emerged as an attractive method for near-net-shape manufacturing due to the distinct advantages it holds over conventional near-net-shape forming technologies. These advantages include lower cycle time, increased die life, reduced porosity, reduced solidification shrinkage, improved mechanical properties, etc. SSM processing techniques can not only produce the complex dimensional details (e.g. thin-walled sections) associated with conventional high-pressure die castings, but also can produce high integrity castings currently attainable only with squeeze and low-pressure permanent mold casting processes. There are two primary semi-solid processing routes, (a) thixocasting and (b) rheocasting. In the thixocasting route, one starts from a non-dendritic solid precursor material that is specially prepared by a primary aluminum manufacturer, using continuous casting methods. Upon reheating this material into the mushy (a.k.a. "two-phase") zone, a thixotropic slurry is formed, which becomes the feed for the casting operation. In the rheocasting route (a.k.a. "slurry-on-demand" or "SoD"), one starts from the liquid state, and the thixotropic slurry is formed directly from the melt via careful thermal management of the system; the slurry is subsequently fed into the die cavity. Of these two routes, rheocasting is favored in that there is no premium added to the billet cost, and …
Date: August 15, 2012
Creator: Apelian, Diran
System: The UNT Digital Library
Binder Rheology and Performance in Warm Mix Asphalt : Interim Report (open access)

Binder Rheology and Performance in Warm Mix Asphalt : Interim Report

This report presents the preliminary findings from a study conducted to investigate the influence of chemical warm mix asphalt (WMA) additives and reduced aging on the viscosity, stiffness, susceptibility to permanent deformation, fracture resistance, and thermal cracking resistance of asphalt binders.
Date: August 2012
Creator: Arega, Zelalem & Bhasin, Amit
System: The Portal to Texas History
Final Report: Binder Rheology and Performance in Warm Mix Asphalt (open access)

Final Report: Binder Rheology and Performance in Warm Mix Asphalt

This report presents the findings from a study conducted to investigate the influence of chemical WMA additives and reduced short-term aging on the properties of asphalt binders, mortars, and mixtures.
Date: August 2012
Creator: Arega, Zelalem & Bhasin, Amit
System: The Portal to Texas History
Interim Report: Binder Rheology and Performance in Warm Mix Asphalt (open access)

Interim Report: Binder Rheology and Performance in Warm Mix Asphalt

Report describing binder rhealogy and performance in warm mix asphalt.
Date: January 2012
Creator: Arega, Zelalem & Bhasin, Amit
System: The Portal to Texas History
Crisis In Mali (open access)

Crisis In Mali

This report discusses the West African country of Mali that faces multiple overlapping crises. The country’s political leadership has been uncertain and disputed since a military coup on March 22, 2012, overthrew a democratically elected government in the capital, Bamako.
Date: August 16, 2012
Creator: Arieff, Alexis & Johnson, Kelly
System: The UNT Digital Library
Seismic Loading for FAST: May 2011 - August 2011 (open access)

Seismic Loading for FAST: May 2011 - August 2011

As more wind farms are constructed in seismically active regions, earthquake loading increases in prominence for design and analysis of wind turbines. Early investigation of seismic load tended to simplify the rotor and nacelle as a lumped mass on top of the turbine tower. This simplification allowed the use of techniques developed for conventional civil structures, such as buildings, to be easily applied to wind turbines. However, interest is shifting to more detailed models that consider loads for turbine components other than the tower. These improved models offer three key capabilities in consideration of base shaking for turbines: 1) The inclusion of aerodynamics and turbine control; 2) The ability to consider component loads other than just tower loads; and 3) An improved representation of turbine response in higher modes by reducing modeling simplifications. Both experimental and numerical investigations have shown that, especially for large modern turbines, it is important to consider interaction between earthquake input, aerodynamics, and operational loads. These investigations further show that consideration of higher mode activity may be necessary in the analysis of the seismic response of turbines. Since the FAST code is already capable of considering these factors, modifications were developed that allow simulation of base …
Date: August 1, 2012
Creator: Asareh, M. A. & Prowell, I.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Automating the Process for Locating No-Passing Zones Using Georeferencing Data (open access)

Automating the Process for Locating No-Passing Zones Using Georeferencing Data

This research created a method of using global positioning system (GPS) coordinates to identify the location of no-passing zones in two-lane highways.
Date: August 2012
Creator: Azimi, Mehdi & Hawkings, H. Gene
System: The Portal to Texas History
Transformer Efficiency Assessment - Okinawa, Japan (open access)

Transformer Efficiency Assessment - Okinawa, Japan

The US Army Engineering & Support Center, Huntsville (USAESCH), and the US Marine Corps Base (MCB), Okinawa, Japan retained Idaho National Laboratory (INL) to conduct a Transformer Efficiency Assessment of “key” transformers located at multiple military bases in Okinawa, Japan. The purpose of this assessment is to support the Marine Corps Base, Okinawa in evaluating medium voltage distribution transformers for potential efficiency upgrades. The original scope of work included the MCB providing actual transformer nameplate data, manufacturer’s factory test sheets, electrical system data (kWh), demand data (kWd), power factor data, and electricity cost data. Unfortunately, the MCB’s actual data is not available and therefore making it necessary to de-scope the original assessment. Note: Any similar nameplate data, photos of similar transformer nameplates, and basic electrical details from one-line drawings (provided by MCB) are not a replacement for actual load loss test data. It is recommended that load measurements are performed on the high and low sides of transformers to better quantify actual load losses, demand data, and power factor data. We also recommend that actual data, when available, be inserted by MCB Okinawa where assumptions have been made and then the LCC analysis updated. This report covers a generalized assessment …
Date: August 1, 2012
Creator: Baldwin, Thomas L.; Turk, Robert J.; Myers, Kurt S.; Gentle, Jake P. & Bush, Jason W.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Overview of the Facility Safeguardability Analysis (FSA) Process (open access)

Overview of the Facility Safeguardability Analysis (FSA) Process

Executive Summary The safeguards system of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is intended to provide the international community with credible assurance that a State is fulfilling its safeguards obligations. Effective and cost-efficient IAEA safeguards at the facility level are, and will remain, an important element of IAEA safeguards as those safeguards evolve towards a “State-Level approach.” The Safeguards by Design (SBD) concept can facilitate the implementation of these effective and cost-efficient facility-level safeguards (Bjornard, et al. 2009a, 2009b; IAEA, 1998; Wonder & Hockert, 2011). This report, sponsored by the National Nuclear Security Administration’s Office of Nuclear Safeguards and Security, introduces a methodology intended to ensure that the diverse approaches to Safeguards by Design can be effectively integrated and consistently used to cost effectively enhance the application of international safeguards.
Date: August 1, 2012
Creator: Bari, Robert A.; Hockert, John; Wonder, Edward F.; Johnson, Scott J.; Wigeland, Roald & Zentner, Michael D.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Numerical manufacturing and design tool (NuMAD v2.0) for wind turbine blades : user's guide. (open access)

Numerical manufacturing and design tool (NuMAD v2.0) for wind turbine blades : user's guide.

None
Date: August 1, 2012
Creator: Berg, Jonathan Charles & Resor, Brian Ray
System: The UNT Digital Library