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The European Union: Questions and Answers
This report provides a brief overview of the European Union (EU), an economic and political partnership between 27 sovereign member states. The report describes the formation of the EU, the three main institutions of the EU, and the EU's relationship with the United States.
Date:
April 5, 2012
Creator:
Archick, Kristin
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Western Sahara
This report discusses how Morocco and the independence-seeking Popular Front for the Liberation of Saqiat al Hamra and Rio de Oro (Polisario) have been vying for control of the Western Sahara, a former Spanish territory, since the 1970s. The report discusses recent settlement attempts, as well as how the Western Sahara issue has affected Algerian-Moroccan bilaterial relations, Moroccan relations with the African Union, and regional cooperation on economic and security issues. The report also discusses the United States' involvement in and stance on the issue.
Date:
April 5, 2012
Creator:
Arieff, Alexis
System:
The UNT Digital Library
U.S. Foreign-Trade Zones: Background and Issues for Congress
Report that provides a general perspective on the U.S. Foreign-Trade Zone (FTZ) system. The first section discusses free trade zones worldwide. The second section focuses on the U.S. FTZ program --its history, administrative mechanism, structure, growth and industry concentration, and benefits and costs. The third section focuses on current issues for Congress relating to the U.S. FTZ program.
Date:
September 5, 2012
Creator:
Bolle, Mary Jane & Williams, Brock R.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Wildfires: CRS Experts
The following table provides access to names and contact information for CRS experts on policy concerns relating to wildfires. Policy areas identified include federal wildfire policy; long-term land use management; federal firefighting assistance; federal emergency management policy; federal preparedness system and response plan; hazard mitigation; armed forces and national guard assistance; supplemental disaster funding; and disaster insurance.
Date:
July 5, 2012
Creator:
Bracmort, Kelsi
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Legal Analysis of Religious Exemptions for Photo Identification Requirements
Report that analyzes the legal issues associated with religious exemptions to photo identification laws, lawsuits that have challenged state photo requirements, and factors that may be relevant in future decisions that may arise related to federal photo identification requirements and state voter identification requirements.
Date:
September 5, 2012
Creator:
Brougher, Cynthia
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Endangered Species Act (ESA) in the 112th Congress: Conflicting Values and Difficult Choices
The Endangered Species Act has been one of the more contentious environmental laws. This may stem from its strict substantive provisions, which can affect the use of both federal and nonfederal lands and resources. This report discusses oversight issues and legislation introduced in the 112th Congress to address Endangered Species Act implementation and management of endangered and threatened species.
Date:
November 5, 2012
Creator:
Buck, Eugene H.; Corn, M. Lynne; Alexander, Kristina; Sheikh, Pervaze A. & Meltz, Robert
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Repeal of "Don't Ask, Don't Tell": Issues for Congress
On December 22, 2010, President Obama signed into law legislation calling for the repeal of the existing law barring open homosexuality in the military by prescribing a series of steps that must take place before repeal occurs. One step was fulfilled on July 22, 2011, when the President signed the certification of the process ending the Don't Ask, Don't Tell policy, which was repealed on September 20, 2011. This report considers issues that Congress may wish to consider as the repeal process proceeds.
Date:
April 5, 2012
Creator:
Burrelli, David F.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Women in Combat: Issues for Congress
This report looks at the history of women in US military roles and combat since the 1990's. It also discusses critic's views of exclusionary policy as a civil rights issue.
Date:
April 5, 2012
Creator:
Burrelli, David F.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
FY2012 National Defense Authorization Act: Selected Military Personnel Policy Issues
This report focuses exclusively on the annual defense authorization process. It does not include language concerning appropriations, veterans' affairs, tax implications of policy choices, or any discussion of separately introduced legislation.
Date:
January 5, 2012
Creator:
Burrelli, David F.; Henning, Charles A.; Jansen, Don J. & Kapp, Lawrence
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Thailand: Background and U.S. Relations
This report looks at the relationship between the U.S. and Thailand, in particular, recent rivalries between populist political forces, neopotism in government, and Thai relationships with neighboring countries.
Date:
June 5, 2012
Creator:
Chanlett-Avery, Emma & Dolven, Ben
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Army Corps of Engineers’ Nationwide Permits Program: Issues and Regulatory Developments
This report contains the issues and regulatory developments in the army corps engineers' nationwide permits program.
Date:
April 5, 2012
Creator:
Copeland, Claudia
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Water Infrastructure Financing: History of EPA Appropriations
None
Date:
April 5, 2012
Creator:
Copeland, Claudia
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Water Quality Issues in the 112th Congress: Oversight and Implementation
None
Date:
October 5, 2012
Creator:
Copeland, Claudia
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Congressional Investigations of the Department of Justice, 1920-2012: History, Law, and Practice
This report briefly reviews the legal basis for investigative oversight, followed by several prominent examples of congressional oversight that reflect the significant breadth and reach of the legislative investigative prerogative vis-à -vis the Department. The report alos reviews and assess the Department’s contentions, based on policy, common law, and constitutional privilege, that it has asserted to attempt to limit congressional access to agency information.
Date:
November 5, 2012
Creator:
Dolan, Alissa M. & Garvey, Todd
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act of 2006: Background and Performance
This report includes the background and performance related to Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act of 2006.
Date:
December 5, 2012
Creator:
Dortch, Cassandria
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Canada-U.S. Relations
This report begins with a short overview of Canada's political scene, economic conditions, security, foreign policy, and discusses Canada - U.S relations.
Date:
April 5, 2012
Creator:
Ek, Carl & Fergusson, Ian F.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies: FY2013 Appropriations
This report discusses federal government funding for the Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies appropriations bill, which provides funding for the planning, design, construction, alteration, and improvement of facilities used by active and reserve military components worldwide.
Date:
July 5, 2012
Creator:
Else, Daniel H.; Scott, Christine & Panangala, Sidath Viranga
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Use of Federal Troops for Disaster Assistance: Legal Issues
This report summarizes the possible constitutional and statutory authorities and constraints relevant to the use of armed forces, including National Guard units in federal service, to provide assistance to states when a natural disaster impedes the operation of state and local police.
Date:
November 5, 2012
Creator:
Elsea, Jennifer K. & Mason, R. Chuck
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Pakistan: U.S. Foreign Aid Conditions, Restrictions, and Reporting Requirements
This report provides a comprehensive list of existing laws and pending legislation containing conditions, limitations, and reporting requirements for U.S. foreign assistance to Pakistan. It will track the debate on this topic and resulting changes.
Date:
January 5, 2012
Creator:
Epstein, Susan B. & Kronstadt, K. Alan
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Air Quality: EPA's 2012 Proposed Changes to the Particulate Matter (PM) Standard
This report summarizes the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) June 2012 proposed changes to the particulate matter (PM) National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) and includes comparisons with previous (1997) and current (2006) promulgated and proposed standards. Key actions leading up to the June 2012 proposal, and potential issues and concerns associated with the proposal to strengthen the PM2.5 annual standard, are also highlighted.
Date:
September 5, 2012
Creator:
Esworthy, Robert
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Trans-Pacific Partnership Negotiations and Issues for Congress
Report that examines the issues related to the proposed Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), the state and substance of the negotiations (to the degree that the information is publicly available), the specific areas under negotiation, the policy and economic contexts in which the TPP would fit, and the issues for Congress that the TPP presents.
Date:
September 5, 2012
Creator:
Fergusson, Ian F.; Cooper, William H.; Jurenas, Remy & Williams, Brock R.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Ability to Repay, Risk-Retention Standards, and Mortgage Credit Access
This report examines the developments associated with the implementation of mortgage lending reforms. The report begins with a summary of proposed ability to repay and risk-retention standards. Next, the report describes risky underwriting and financing practices that occurred prior to the mortgage crisis, followed by a discussion of how access to mortgage credit might be affected.
Date:
June 5, 2012
Creator:
Getter, Darryl E.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The "Fiscal Cliff": Macroeconomic Consequences of Tax Increases and Spending Cuts
Report regarding the fiscal cliff, which is a set of tax increases and spending cuts that would substantially reduce the deficit in 2013.
Date:
September 5, 2012
Creator:
Gravelle, Jane G.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Unemployment: Issues in the 112th Congress
This report briefly reviews the situation in the 2012 labor market, expands on the policy steps taken to date, and analyzes policy issues that typically arise during consideration of stimulus legislation. Three policy issues are examined: whether to take additional measures to increase jobs, what measures might be most effective, and how job creation proposals should be financed.
Date:
October 5, 2012
Creator:
Gravelle, Jane G.; Hungerford, Thomas L. & Levine, Linda
System:
The UNT Digital Library