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Circular A-76 and the Moratorium on DOD Competitions: Background and Issues for Congress (open access)

Circular A-76 and the Moratorium on DOD Competitions: Background and Issues for Congress

This report discusses the current moratorium on the conduct of Department of Defense (DOD) public-private competitions under Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Circular A-76 and issues for Congress.
Date: January 17, 2012
Creator: Grasso, Valerie Bailey
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The G-20 and International Economic Cooperation: Background and Implications for Congress (open access)

The G-20 and International Economic Cooperation: Background and Implications for Congress

The G-20 is an international forum for discussing and coordinating economic policies among major advanced and emerging economies. Congress may want to exercise oversight over the Administration's participation in the G-20 process, including the policy commitments that Administration is making in the G-20 and the policies it is encouraging other G-20 countries to pursue.
Date: April 12, 2012
Creator: Nelson, Rebecca M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The U.S. Postal Service's Financial Condition: Overview and Issues for Congress (open access)

The U.S. Postal Service's Financial Condition: Overview and Issues for Congress

This report provides an overview of the U.S. Postal Service's (USPS's) financial condition, legislation enacted to alleviate the USPS's financial challenges, and possible issues for the 112th Congress. It also includes a side-by-side comparison of two of the postal reform bills, H.R. 2309 and S. 1789.
Date: January 27, 2012
Creator: Kosar, Kevin R.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Afghanistan Casualties: Military Forces and Civilians (open access)

Afghanistan Casualties: Military Forces and Civilians

This report collects statistics from a variety of sources on casualties sustained during Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF), which began on October 7, 2001, and is ongoing. OEF actions take place primarily in Afghanistan.
Date: January 18, 2012
Creator: Chesser, Susan G.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Meeting the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) Mandate for Cellulosic Biofuels: Questions and Answers (open access)

Meeting the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) Mandate for Cellulosic Biofuels: Questions and Answers

The Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) was expanded under the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA; P.L. 110-140) in an effort to reduce dependence on foreign oil, promote biofuel use, and stabilize transportation fuel prices, among other goals. Over a 15-year period, the RFS seeks to establish a market for biofuels in the transportation sector by requiring that increasing amounts of biofuels-36 billion gallons by 2022-be blended into transportation fuel. The mandate is to be accomplished with an assortment of advanced biofuels, including cellulosic biofuels-fuels produced from cellulosic materials including grasses, trees, and agricultural and municipal wastes-which will ramp up over time to comprise some 44% of the RFS in 2022.
Date: January 11, 2012
Creator: Bracmort, Kelsi
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Navy Ohio Replacement (SSBN[X]) Ballistic Missile Submarine Program: Background and Issues for Congress (open access)

Navy Ohio Replacement (SSBN[X]) Ballistic Missile Submarine Program: Background and Issues for Congress

This report discusses the Navy's plan to develop and design a class of 12 next-generation ballistic missile submarines, or SSBN(X)s, as replacements for the 14 Ohio class SSBNs currently in operation. The report explores certain related issues for Congress, including the affordability of the project and its potential impact on other Navy shipbuilding programs, alternatives to the program, and which shipyard or shipyards will build the proposed ships.
Date: April 5, 2012
Creator: O'Rourke, Ronald
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
F-35 Alternate Engine Program: Background and Issues for Congress (open access)

F-35 Alternate Engine Program: Background and Issues for Congress

This report discusses the past four years of administration proposals to terminate the program to develop the General Electric/Rolls-Royce F136 engine as an alternative to the Pratt & Whitney F135 engine that currently powers the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF). These proposals have been continually rejected by Congress. The Obama Administration's FY2011 budget submission against proposes to terminate the program. This report explores both sides of the termination argument.
Date: January 10, 2012
Creator: Gertler, Jeremiah
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Changes in the Arctic: Background and Issues for Congress (open access)

Changes in the Arctic: Background and Issues for Congress

The diminishment of Arctic sea ice has led to increased human activities in the Arctic, and has heightened interest in, and concerns about, the region's future. The United States, by virtue of Alaska, is an Arctic country and has substantial interests in the region. The Arctic has increasingly become a subject of discussion among political leaders of the nations in the region. In varying degrees, the Arctic coastal states have indicated a willingness to establish and maintain a military presence in the high north. U.S. military forces, particularly the Navy and Coast Guard, have begun to pay more attention to the region.
Date: February 27, 2012
Creator: O'Rourke, Ronald
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Chemical Facility Security: Issues and Options for the 112th Congress (open access)

Chemical Facility Security: Issues and Options for the 112th Congress

This report provides a brief overview of the existing statutory authority and the regulation implementing this authority. It describes several policy issues raised in previous debates regarding chemical facility security and identifies policy options for congressional consideration. Finally, legislation in the 112th Congress is discussed.
Date: January 13, 2012
Creator: Shea, Dana A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
U.S. Response to the Global Threat of Tuberculosis: Basic Facts (open access)

U.S. Response to the Global Threat of Tuberculosis: Basic Facts

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most widespread infectious diseases in the world, infecting an average of 9 million people annually. Although TB is curable, more than 1 million TB-related deaths occur each year. Due in part to a growing global response to TB, progress has been made in combating the disease. Globally, new TB infection rates have begun to slowly decline and TB mortality rates have decreased significantly since 1990. At the same time, absolute numbers of people infected with TB, particularly in Asia and Africa, continue to rise. Congress has recognized TB as an important humanitarian issue and increasingly as a potential threat to global security. In its second session, the 112th Congress will likely debate the appropriate funding levels and optimum strategy for addressing the continued challenge of global TB.
Date: January 5, 2012
Creator: Kendal, Alexandra E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Advertising by the Federal Government: An Overview (open access)

Advertising by the Federal Government: An Overview

A look at government agencies spending on advertising.
Date: April 6, 2012
Creator: Kosar, Kevin R.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Protecting Classified Information and the Rights of Criminal Defendants: The Classified Information Procedures Act (open access)

Protecting Classified Information and the Rights of Criminal Defendants: The Classified Information Procedures Act

A criminal prosecution involving classified information may cause tension between the government's interest in protecting classified information and the criminal defendant's right to a constitutionally valid trial. In some cases, a defendant may threaten to disclose classified information in an effort to gain leverage. Concerns about this practice, referred to as "graymail," led the 96th Congress to enact the Classified Information Procedures Act to provide uniform procedures for prosecutions involving classified information.
Date: April 2, 2012
Creator: Liu, Edward C. & Garvey, Todd
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Rare Earth Elements in National Defense: Background, Oversight Issues, and Options for Congress (open access)

Rare Earth Elements in National Defense: Background, Oversight Issues, and Options for Congress

Some Members of Congress have expressed concern over U.S. acquisition of rare earth materials composed of rare earth elements used in various components of defense weapon systems. On March 13, 2012, President Obama announced that the United States had joined with Japan and the European Union to bring a World Trade Organization joint dispute resolution case against China because of China's restrictive policies on rare earths and other minerals. Congress may encourage DOD to develop a collaborative, long-term, well-thought-out strategy designed to identify any material weaknesses and vulnerabilities associated with rare earths and to protect long-term U.S. national security interests.
Date: April 11, 2012
Creator: Grasso, Valerie Bailey
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Hydraulic Fracturing and Safe Drinking Water Act Issues (open access)

Hydraulic Fracturing and Safe Drinking Water Act Issues

This report reviews past and proposed treatment of hydraulic fracturing under the Safe Water Drinking Ace, the principal federal statute for regulating the underground injection of fluids to protect groundwater sources of drinking water. It reviews current provisions for regulating underground injection activities, and discusses some possible implications of, and issues associated with, enactment of legislation authorizing the Environmental Protection Agency to regulate hydraulic fracturing under this statute.
Date: April 10, 2012
Creator: Tiemann, Mary & Vann, Adam
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Nuclear Power Plant Design and Seismic Safety Considerations (open access)

Nuclear Power Plant Design and Seismic Safety Considerations

This report presents some of the general design concepts of operating nuclear power plants in order to discuss design considerations for seismic events. This report does not attempt to conclude whether one design is inherently safer or less safe than another plant. Nor does it attempt to conclude whether operating nuclear power plants are at any greater or lesser risk from earthquakes given recent updates to seismic data and seismic hazard maps.
Date: January 12, 2012
Creator: Andrews, Anthony & Folger, Peter
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Funding Emergency Communications: Technology and Policy Considerations (open access)

Funding Emergency Communications: Technology and Policy Considerations

This report identifies areas where changes in existing policies and practices may facilitate achievement of the important goals for emergency communications that Congress and others have identified. Why these goals have become important, and recent planning efforts to achieve these goals, is discussed first. Next, possible barriers to achieving these goals are identified and described. The conclusion revisits key options presently under consideration by Congress.
Date: January 5, 2012
Creator: Moore, Linda K.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Pakistan: U.S. Foreign Assistance (open access)

Pakistan: U.S. Foreign Assistance

The 112th Congress has been focused measures to reduce the federal budget deficit. This backdrop may influence congressional debate over the third-ranking U.S. aid recipient, Pakistan-a country vital to U.S. national security interests but that some say lacks accountability and even credibility.
Date: April 10, 2012
Creator: Epstein, Susan B. & Kronstadt, K. Alan
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
FY2012 National Defense Authorization Act: Selected Military Personnel Policy Issues (open access)

FY2012 National Defense Authorization Act: Selected Military Personnel Policy Issues

This report focuses exclusively on the annual defense authorization process. It does not include language concerning appropriations, veterans' affairs, tax implications of policy choices, or any discussion of separately introduced legislation.
Date: January 5, 2012
Creator: Burrelli, David F.; Henning, Charles A.; Jansen, Don J. & Kapp, Lawrence
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs: FY2012 Budget and Appropriations (open access)

State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs: FY2012 Budget and Appropriations

This report analyzes the FY2012 request and congressional action related to FY2012 State- Foreign Operations legislation. This report focuses on only the accounts funded through the State-Foreign Operations appropriations bill, but provides appropriations figures for the entire international affairs (Function 150) budget in Appendix E.
Date: January 6, 2012
Creator: Epstein, Susan B. & Lawson, Marian Leonardo
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Repeal of "Don't Ask, Don't Tell": Issues for Congress (open access)

The Repeal of "Don't Ask, Don't Tell": Issues for Congress

On December 22, 2010, President Obama signed into law legislation calling for the repeal of the existing law barring open homosexuality in the military by prescribing a series of steps that must take place before repeal occurs. One step was fulfilled on July 22, 2011, when the President signed the certification of the process ending the Don't Ask, Don't Tell policy, which was repealed on September 20, 2011. This report considers issues that Congress may wish to consider as the repeal process proceeds.
Date: April 5, 2012
Creator: Burrelli, David F.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Horn of Africa Region: The Humanitarian Crisis and International Response (open access)

Horn of Africa Region: The Humanitarian Crisis and International Response

This report provides an overview of the current status of the crisis, summary background on the region, a framework for the international and humanitarian response, and an analysis of some of the operational challenges.
Date: January 6, 2012
Creator: Margesson, Rhoda; Dagne, Ted & Ploch, Lauren
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Women in Combat: Issues for Congress (open access)

Women in Combat: Issues for Congress

This report looks at the history of women in US military roles and combat since the 1990's. It also discusses critic's views of exclusionary policy as a civil rights issue.
Date: April 5, 2012
Creator: Burrelli, David F.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Lord's Resistance Army: The U.S. Response (open access)

The Lord's Resistance Army: The U.S. Response

A history of the Lord's Resistance Army, which is led by Joseph Kony, and the U.S.A. policies regarding it.
Date: April 11, 2012
Creator: Arieff, Alexis & Ploch, Lauren
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Pakistan: U.S. Foreign Aid Conditions, Restrictions, and Reporting Requirements (open access)

Pakistan: U.S. Foreign Aid Conditions, Restrictions, and Reporting Requirements

This report provides a comprehensive list of existing laws and pending legislation containing conditions, limitations, and reporting requirements for U.S. foreign assistance to Pakistan. It will track the debate on this topic and resulting changes.
Date: January 5, 2012
Creator: Epstein, Susan B. & Kronstadt, K. Alan
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library