This report looks at the purposes and results of U.S. sanctions in Iran, which were initiated as a result of Iran's nuclear program and human rights issues. It ends by discussing future issues that Congress can consider regarding the sanctions.

This report discusses the effects of economic sanctions against Iran; support to the Iranian democracy movement; and opposition against Iranian human rights violations and Iranian support for Syrian human rights violations. The Obama Administration identifies Iran as a major threat to U.S. national security interests. The sense of imminent crisis with Iran which greeted the beginning of 2012 follows three years in which the Obama Administration first offered Iran's leaders consistent and sustained engagement in exchange for limits to its nuclear program but, since 2010, has emphasized pressuring Iran through economic sanctions.

Interview with Ali Heidari, an Iranian immigrant, realtor, and restaurateur from Tehran. Heidari discusses growing up, education, moving to Athens, Texas in 1975, attending UT Arlington, getting into real estate, his family, his reaction to the 1979-81 hostage crisis, experiences as an immigrant in DFW, and his thoughts on American youth and culture.