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1?10 kW Stationary Combined Heat and Power Systems Status and Technical Potential: Independent Review (open access)

1?10 kW Stationary Combined Heat and Power Systems Status and Technical Potential: Independent Review

This independent review examines the status and technical potential of 1-10 kW stationary combined heat and power fuel cell systems and analyzes the achievability of the DOE cost, efficiency, and durability targets for 2012, 2015, and 2020.
Date: November 1, 2010
Creator: Maru, H. C.; Singhal, S. C.; Stone, C. & Wheeler, D.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
2009 Fuel Cell Market Report, November 2010 (open access)

2009 Fuel Cell Market Report, November 2010

Fuel cells are electrochemical devices that combine hydrogen and oxygen to produce electricity, water, and heat. Unlike batteries, fuel cells continuously generate electricity, as long as a source of fuel is supplied. Moreover, fuel cells do not burn fuel, making the process quiet, pollution-free and two to three times more efficient than combustion. Fuel cell systems can be a truly zero-emission source of electricity, if the hydrogen is produced from non-polluting sources. Global concerns about climate change, energy security, and air pollution are driving demand for fuel cell technology. More than 630 companies and laboratories in the United States are investing $1 billion a year in fuel cells or fuel cell component technologies. This report provides an overview of trends in the fuel cell industry and markets, including product shipments, market development, and corporate performance. It also provides snapshots of select fuel cell companies, including general.
Date: November 1, 2010
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
2009 Technical Risk and Uncertainty Analysis of the U.S. Department of Energy's Solar Energy Technologies Program Concentrating Solar Power and Photovoltaics R&D (open access)

2009 Technical Risk and Uncertainty Analysis of the U.S. Department of Energy's Solar Energy Technologies Program Concentrating Solar Power and Photovoltaics R&D

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Solar Energy Technologies Program (SETP) conducted a 2009 Technical Risk and Uncertainty Analysis to better assess its cost goals for concentrating solar power (CSP) and photovoltaic (PV) systems, and to potentially rebalance its R&D portfolio. This report details the methodology, schedule, and results of this technical risk and uncertainty analysis.
Date: November 1, 2010
Creator: McVeigh, J.; Lausten, M.; Eugeni, E. & Soni, A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
2009 Toxic Chemical Release Inventory Report for the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act of 1986, Title III, Section 313 (open access)

2009 Toxic Chemical Release Inventory Report for the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act of 1986, Title III, Section 313

For reporting year 2009, Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) submitted a Form R report for lead as required under the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to- Know Act (EPCRA) Section 313. No other EPCRA Section 313 chemicals were used in 2009 above the reportable thresholds. This document was prepared to provide a description of the evaluation of EPCRA Section 313 chemical use and threshold determinations for LANL for calendar year 2009, as well as to provide background information about data included on the Form R reports.
Date: November 1, 2010
Creator: (ENV-ES), Environmental Stewardship Group
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library

Accelerating Design of Batteries Using Computer-Aided Engineering Tools

Computer-aided engineering (CAE) is a proven pathway, especially in the automotive industry, to improve performance by resolving the relevant physics in complex systems, shortening the product development design cycle, thus reducing cost, and providing an efficient way to evaluate parameters for robust designs. Academic models include the relevant physics details, but neglect engineering complexities. Industry models include the relevant macroscopic geometry and system conditions, but simplify the fundamental physics too much. Most of the CAE battery tools for in-house use are custom model codes and require expert users. There is a need to make these battery modeling and design tools more accessible to end users such as battery developers, pack integrators, and vehicle makers. Developing integrated and physics-based CAE battery tools can reduce the design, build, test, break, re-design, re-build, and re-test cycle and help lower costs. NREL has been involved in developing various models to predict the thermal and electrochemical performance of large-format cells and has used in commercial three-dimensional finite-element analysis and computational fluid dynamics to study battery pack thermal issues. These NREL cell and pack design tools can be integrated to help support the automotive industry and to accelerate battery design.
Date: November 1, 2010
Creator: Pesaran, A.; Kim, G. H. & Smith, K.
Object Type: Presentation
System: The UNT Digital Library
Accelerator/Experiment Operations - FY 2010 (open access)

Accelerator/Experiment Operations - FY 2010

This Technical Memorandum (TM) summarizes the Fermilab accelerator and accelerator experiment operations for FY 2010. It is one of a series of annual publications intended to gather information in one place. In this case, the information concerns the FY 2010 Run II at the Tevatron Collider, the MINOS and MINER?A experiments using the Main Injector Neutrino Beam (NuMI), the MiniBooNE experiment running in the Booster Neutrino Beam (BNB), and the Meson Test Beam (MTest) activities in the 120 GeV external Switchyard beam (SY120). Each section was prepared by the relevant authors, and was somewhat edited for inclusion in this summary.
Date: November 1, 2010
Creator: Adamson, M.; Appel, J. A.; Casarsa, M.; Coleman, R.; Denisov, D.; Dixon, R. et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Aerospace and Defense Technologies at BNL (open access)

Aerospace and Defense Technologies at BNL

This presentation gives a brief description of Aerospace and Defense Technologies at BNL.
Date: November 1, 2010
Creator: Elcess, K.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Age, Volume 32, Number 11, November 2010 (open access)

The Age, Volume 32, Number 11, November 2010

Monthly publication containing information related to Chambers County, Texas, including current events of the Chambers County Historical Commission, the Wallisville Heritage Park, and the Chambers County historical and genealogical societies; reprinted newspaper articles about county events and citizens; and historical news and records.
Date: November 2010
Creator: Wallisville Heritage Park (Organization)
Object Type: Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System: The Portal to Texas History
AGEING PROCEDURES ON LITHIUM BATTERIES IN AN INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION CONTEXT (open access)

AGEING PROCEDURES ON LITHIUM BATTERIES IN AN INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION CONTEXT

The widespread introduction of electrically-propelled vehicles is currently part of many political strategies and introduction plans. These new vehicles, ranging from limited (mild) hybrid to plug-in hybrid to fully-battery powered, will rely on a new class of advanced storage batteries, such as those based on lithium, to meet different technical and economical targets. The testing of these batteries to determine the performance and life in the various applications is a time-consuming and costly process that is not yet well developed. There are many examples of parallel testing activities that are poorly coordinated, for example, those in Europe, Japan and the US. These costs and efforts may be better leveraged through international collaboration, such as that possible within the framework of the International Energy Agency. Here, a new effort is under development that will establish standardized, accelerated testing procedures and will allow battery testing organizations to cooperate in the analysis of the resulting data. This paper reviews the present state-of-the-art in accelerated life testing in Europe, Japan and the US. The existing test procedures will be collected, compared and analyzed with the goal of international collaboration.
Date: November 1, 2010
Creator: Belt, Jeffrey R.; Bloom, Ira; Conte, Mario; Conte, Fiorentino Valerio; Morita, Kenji; Ikeya, Tomohiko et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Alternative Compliance: Guidelines for Preparing and Submitting a Waiver Request Application and Other Documentation Requirements (Book) (open access)

Alternative Compliance: Guidelines for Preparing and Submitting a Waiver Request Application and Other Documentation Requirements (Book)

This document is designed to assist covered fleets interested in taking advantage of more flexible compliance options and to facilitate the transition from Standard Compliance to Alternative Compliance. It is designed to help fleets better understand the Alternative Compliance option and successfully complete the waiver application process.
Date: November 1, 2010
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Amygdala involvement in human avoidance, escape and approach behavior (open access)

Amygdala involvement in human avoidance, escape and approach behavior

Article on amygdala involvement in human avoidance, escape and approach behavior. The authors examine amygdala reactivity to threatening cues when avoidance responding consistently prevented contact with an upcoming aversive event (money loss).
Date: November 1, 2010
Creator: Schlund, Michael W. & Cataldo, Michael F.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
ANALYSIS OF A HIGH TEMPERATURE GAS-COOLED REACTOR POWERED HIGH TEMPERATURE ELECTROLYSIS HYDROGEN PLANT (open access)

ANALYSIS OF A HIGH TEMPERATURE GAS-COOLED REACTOR POWERED HIGH TEMPERATURE ELECTROLYSIS HYDROGEN PLANT

An updated reference design for a commercial-scale high-temperature electrolysis (HTE) plant for hydrogen production has been developed. The HTE plant is powered by a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) whose configuration and operating conditions are based on the latest design parameters planned for the Next Generation Nuclear Plant (NGNP). The current HTGR reference design specifies a reactor power of 600 MWt, with a primary system pressure of 7.0 MPa, and reactor inlet and outlet fluid temperatures of 322°C and 750°C, respectively. The reactor heat is used to produce heat and electric power to the HTE plant. A Rankine steam cycle with a power conversion efficiency of 44.4% was used to provide the electric power. The electrolysis unit used to produce hydrogen includes 1.1 million cells with a per-cell active area of 225 cm2. The reference hydrogen production plant operates at a system pressure of 5.0 MPa, and utilizes a steam-sweep system to remove the excess oxygen that is evolved on the anode (oxygen) side of the electrolyzer. The overall system thermal-to-hydrogen production efficiency (based on the higher heating value of the produced hydrogen) is 42.8% at a hydrogen production rate of 1.85 kg/s (66 million SCFD) and an oxygen production rate …
Date: November 1, 2010
Creator: McKellar, M. G.; Harvego, E. A. & Gandrik, A. M.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Analysis of Flood Hazards for the Materials and Fuels Complex at the Idaho National Laboratory Site (open access)

Analysis of Flood Hazards for the Materials and Fuels Complex at the Idaho National Laboratory Site

Researchers at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory conducted a flood hazard analysis for the Materials and Fuels Complex (MFC) site located at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) site in southeastern Idaho. The general approach for the analysis was to determine the maximum water elevation levels associated with the design-basis flood (DBFL) and compare them to the floor elevations at critical building locations. Two DBFLs for the MFC site were developed using different precipitation inputs: probable maximum precipitation (PMP) and 10,000 year recurrence interval precipitation. Both precipitation inputs were used to drive a watershed runoff model for the surrounding upland basins and the MFC site. Outflows modeled with the Hydrologic Engineering Centers Hydrologic Modeling System were input to the Hydrologic Engineering Centers River Analysis System hydrodynamic flood routing model.
Date: November 1, 2010
Creator: Skaggs, Richard; Breithaupt, Stephen A.; Waichler, Scott R.; Kim, Taeyun & Ward, Duane L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Analyzing Losses: Transuranics into Waste and Fission Products into Recycled Fuel (open access)

Analyzing Losses: Transuranics into Waste and Fission Products into Recycled Fuel

All mass streams from separations and fuel fabrication are products that must meet criteria. Those headed for disposal must meet waste acceptance criteria (WAC) for the eventual disposal sites corresponding to their waste classification. Those headed for reuse must meet fuel or target impurity limits. A “loss” is any material that ends up where it is undesired. The various types of losses are linked in the sense that as the loss of transuranic (TRU) material into waste is reduced, often the loss or carryover of waste into TRU or uranium is increased. We have analyzed four separation options and two fuel fabrication options in a generic fuel cycle. The separation options are aqueous uranium extraction plus (UREX+1), electrochemical, Atomics International reduction oxidation separation (AIROX), and melt refining. UREX+1 and electrochemical are traditional, full separation techniques. AIROX and melt refining are taken as examples of limited separations, also known as minimum fuel treatment. The fuels are oxide and metal. To define a generic fuel cycle, a fuel recycling loop is fed from used light water reactor (LWR) uranium oxide fuel (UOX) at 51 MWth-day/kg-iHM burnup. The recycling loop uses a fast reactor with TRU conversion ratio (CR) of 0.50. Excess recovered …
Date: November 1, 2010
Creator: Piet, Steven J.; Soelberg, Nick R.; Bays, Samuel E.; Cherry, Robert E.; Pincock, Layne F.; Shaber, Eric L. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2010 Preliminary Determination Quantitative Analysis (open access)

ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2010 Preliminary Determination Quantitative Analysis

The United States (U.S.) Department of Energy (DOE) conducted a preliminary quantitative analysis to assess whether buildings constructed according to the requirements of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI)/American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE)/Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IESNA) Standard 90.1-2010 (ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2010, Standard 90.1-2010, or 2010 edition) would result in energy savings compared with buildings constructed to ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2007(ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007, Standard 90.1-2007, or 2007 edition). The preliminary analysis considered each of the 109 addenda to ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007 that were included in ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2010. All 109 addenda processed by ASHRAE in the creation of Standard 90.1-2010 from Standard 90.1-2007 were reviewed by DOE, and their combined impact on a suite of 16 building prototype models in 15 ASHRAE climate zones was considered. Most addenda were deemed to have little quantifiable impact on building efficiency for the purpose of DOE’s preliminary determination. However, out of the 109 addenda, 34 were preliminarily determined to have measureable and quantifiable impact.
Date: November 1, 2010
Creator: Halverson, Mark A.; Liu, Bing & Rosenberg, Michael I.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2010 Preliminary Qualitative Determination (open access)

ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2010 Preliminary Qualitative Determination

A preliminary qualitative analysis of all addenda to American National Standards Institute (ANSI)/American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE)/Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IESNA) Standard 90.1-2007 (Standard 90.1-2007 or 2007 edition) that were included in ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2010 (Standard 90.1-2010 or 2010 edition) was conducted. All 109 addenda processed by ASHRAE in the creation of Standard 90.1-2010 from Standard 90.1-2007 were evaluated by DOE for their impact on energy efficiency. DOE preliminarily determined whether that addenda would have a positive, neutral, or negative impact on overall building efficiency.
Date: November 1, 2010
Creator: Halverson, Mark A.; Williamson, Jennifer L.; Liu, Bing; Rosenberg, Michael I. & Richman, Eric E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Assessing Potential Impacts Associated With Contamination Events in Water Distribution Systems : A Sensitivity Analysis. (open access)

Assessing Potential Impacts Associated With Contamination Events in Water Distribution Systems : A Sensitivity Analysis.

An understanding of the nature of the adverse effects that could be associated with contamination events in water distribution systems is necessary for carrying out vulnerability analyses and designing contamination warning systems. This study examines the adverse effects of contamination events using models for 12 actual water systems that serve populations ranging from about 104 to over 106 persons. The measure of adverse effects that we use is the number of people who are exposed to a contaminant above some dose level due to ingestion of contaminated tap water. For this study the number of such people defines the impact associated with an event. We consider a wide range of dose levels in order to accommodate a wide range of potential contaminants. For a particular contaminant, dose level can be related to a health effects level. For example, a dose level could correspond to the median lethal dose, i.e., the dose that would be fatal to 50% of the exposed population. Highly toxic contaminants may be associated with a particular response at a very low dose level, whereas contaminants with low toxicity may only be associated with the same response at a much higher dose level. This report focuses on …
Date: November 1, 2010
Creator: Davis, M. J.; Janke, R. & Taxon, T. N.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
ATR National Scientific User Facility 2009 Annual Report (open access)

ATR National Scientific User Facility 2009 Annual Report

This report describes activities of the ATR NSUF from FY-2008 through FY-2009 and includes information on partner facilities, calls for proposals, users week and education programs. The report also contains project information on university research projects that were awarded by ATR NSUF in the fiscal years 2008 & 2009. This research is university-proposed researcher under a user facility agreement. All intellectual property from these experiments belongs to the university per the user agreement.
Date: November 1, 2010
Creator: Allen, Todd R.; Meyer, Mitchell K.; Marshall, Frances; Thelen, Mary Catherine & Benson, Jeff
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
An Audit Report on Medical Quality Reviews at the Division of Workers' Compensation within the Texas Department of Insurance (open access)

An Audit Report on Medical Quality Reviews at the Division of Workers' Compensation within the Texas Department of Insurance

Report of the Texas State Auditor's Office related to significant process and information issues at the Division of Workers' Compensation (DWC) within the Texas Department of Insurance (TDI) which inhibit DWC's ability to monitor the quality of health care in the workers' compensation system. Issues include unreliable information, weaknesses in complaint processing, the medical quality review process, and the enforcement and sanction process, all of which increase the risk of injured workers receiving unnecessary medical procedures and overutilization within the workers' compensation system.
Date: November 2010
Creator: Texas. Office of the State Auditor.
Object Type: Report
System: The Portal to Texas History
$B^0_s$ and $B^0$ Mixing in the Standard Model and Beyond: A Progress Report (open access)

$B^0_s$ and $B^0$ Mixing in the Standard Model and Beyond: A Progress Report

We give a progress report on the calculation of B meson mixing matrix elements, focusing on contributions that could arise beyond the Standard Model. The calculation uses asqtad (light quark) and Fermilab (heavy quark) valence actions and MILC ensembles with 2+1 flavors of asqtad sea quarks. We report preliminary B{sub s}{sup 0} fit results, at a lattice spacing of 0.12 fm, for the SUSY basis of effective four-quark mixing operators and include an estimate for the final error budget.
Date: November 1, 2010
Creator: Bouchard, C.; /Illinois U., Urbana /Fermilab; El-Khadra, A.X.; /Illinois U., Urbana; Freeland, E.D.; /Illinois U., Urbana /Washington U., St. Louis et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
B -> D* l nu at zero recoil: an update (open access)

B -> D* l nu at zero recoil: an update

We present an update of our calculation of the form factor for {bar B} {yields} D*{ell}{bar {nu}} at zero recoil, with higher statistics and finer lattices. As before, we use the Fermilab action for b and c quarks, the asqtad staggered action for light valence quarks, and the MILC ensembles for gluons and light quarks (Luescher-Weisz married to 2+1 rooted staggered sea quarks). In this update, we have reduced the total uncertainty on F(1) from 2.6% to 1.7%.
Date: November 1, 2010
Creator: Bailey, Jon A.; Bazavov, A.; Bernard, C.; Bouchard, C.M.; DeTar, C.; El-Khadra, A.X. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
B physics at CDF - the Beauty of hadron collisions (open access)

B physics at CDF - the Beauty of hadron collisions

The CDF experiment at the Tevatron p{bar p} collider established that extensive and detailed exploration of the b-quark dynamics is possible in hadron collisions, with results competitive and supplementary to those from e{sup +}e{sup -} colliders. This provides an unique, rich, and highly rewarding program that is currently reaching full maturity. I report a few recent world-leading results on rare decays, CP-violation in B{sub s}{sup 0} mixing, and b {yields} s penguin decays.
Date: November 1, 2010
Creator: Tonelli, Diego
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
A bacterium that can grow by using arsenic instead of phosphorus (open access)

A bacterium that can grow by using arsenic instead of phosphorus

Life is mostly composed of the elements carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur and phosphorus. Although these six elements make up nucleic acids, proteins and lipids and thus the bulk of living matter, it is theoretically possible that some other elements in the periodic table could serve the same functions. Here we describe a bacterium, strain GFAJ-1 of the Halomonadaceae, isolated from Mono Lake, CA, which substitutes arsenic for phosphorus to sustain its growth. Our data show evidence for arsenate in macromolecules that normally contain phosphate, most notably nucleic acids and proteins. Exchange of one of the major bio-elements may have profound evolutionary and geochemical significance.
Date: November 1, 2010
Creator: Wolfe-Simon, F.; Blum, J. S.; Kulp, T. R.; Gordon, G. W.; Hoeft, S. E.; Pett-Ridge, J. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library

Battery Ownership Model: A Tool for Evaluating the Economics of Electrified Vehicles and Related Infrastructure

This presentation uses a vehicle simulator and economics model called the Battery Ownership Model to examine the levelized cost per mile of conventional (CV) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) in comparison with the cost to operate an electric vehicle (EV) under a service provider business model. The service provider is assumed to provide EV infrastructure such as charge points and swap stations to allow an EV with a 100-mile range to operate with driving profiles equivalent to CVs and HEVs. Battery cost, fuel price forecast, battery life, and other variables are examined to determine under what scenarios the levelized cost of an EV with a service provider can approach that of a CV. Scenarios in both the United States as an average and Hawaii are examined. The levelized cost of operating an EV with a service provider under average U.S. conditions is approximately twice the cost of operating a small CV. If battery cost and life can be improved, in this study the cost of an EV drops to under 1.5 times the cost of a CV for U.S. average conditions. In Hawaii, the same EV is only slightly more expensive to operate than a CV.
Date: November 1, 2010
Creator: O'Keefe, M.; Brooker, A.; Johnson, C.; Mendelsohn, M.; Neubauer, J. & Pesaran, A.
Object Type: Presentation
System: The UNT Digital Library