Transcript of an oral interview with Julius “Bud” Masinick. Born in 1925, he was drafted into the Navy in 1943. He describes boot camp at the Great Lakes Naval Training Center in Illinois. He talks about joining both the baseball team and the boxing program. He describes submarine school at Naval Submarine Base New London, Groton, Connecticut. He was assigned to the USS Icefish (SS-367) in the Pacific Fleet in June, 1944. He talks about the submarine attire. He describes being depth charged while on the submarine. He also describes a burial at sea. He talks about being the athletic officer at Camp Dealy on Guam. He shares anecdotes about being the designated swimmer on the submarine who was tasked with ocean rescues of downed pilots; starting a riot in Perth, Australia; intercepting small gunboats and apprehending Japanese officials attempting to return to Japan; and the unintentional sinking of Javanese fishing boats. He was discharged in April, 1946 and played professional minor league baseball.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Richard Hockensmith. Hockensmith was drafted in the Army in 1942. He was assigned to the 626th Military Police Battalion in Camp Beauregard, Louisiana. They patrolled the streets and served as auxiliary police. He was then assigned to the 394th Military Police Escort Guard Company in Fort Bliss, Texas. They were trained to handle prisoners of war. He also received instruction on personnel management. He was then transferred to a little town about 35 miles east of Waco where a POW camp was established. In 1943 he went by troop ship to North Africa to pick up African and German prisoners from the Afrika Korps to transfer back to a POW camp in Mexia, Texas. He describes the work of a POW at the camp. From Mexia, Hockensmith was transferred to another POW camp in Camp Swift, Texas. He was then transferred into the personnel section of the Medical Corps and was shipped out to the Pacific in late 1944. They traveled to Okinawa, then to Kadena Airfield and remained in this area until January of 1946. He was discharged in early 1946.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Dan Hixenbaugh. Hixenbaugh joined the Navy V-7 program on 7 December 1941. After officer training he went to torpedo school. Hixenbaugh then joined the crew of USS Lamson (DD-367) in early 1943. He met John F. Kennedy on the troopship taking them both to the South Pacific. Hixenbaugh also talks about how he knew Kennedy’s executive officer, Lenny Thom, from earlier in life. He details a kamikaze attack in Ormac Bay that damaged his ship and caused many casualties. Hixenbaugh was awarded the Bronze Star for helping to save the Lamson. He describes returning to the States to have the entire bridge replaced. Hixenbaugh returned to the Pacific on board the Lamson and tells of saving downed aircrewman and going through a major typhoon. He stayed on board for a short period after the surrender when he visited Nagasaki and became the Navigation Officer. Hixenbaugh details the process of ship navigation. He left the service after he had earned enough points after the war.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Robert Dale. Dale joined the Navy in 1944 when he was 16 years old. He was assigned to the heavy cruiser USS Boston (CA-69). Dale served as a fireman in the Engineering Department working with the evaporators. He talks of the Boston shelling the Japanese mainland and being present for the surrender in Tokyo Bay. Dale stayed with the Boston for occupation duty. He describes visiting Hiroshima and interacting with the Japanese people. The Boston returned to the U.S. after six months of occupation duty and Dale left the service.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Ithiel Worden. Worden joined the Navy in the summer of 1942 at the age of seventeen. He was assigned to the USS Underhill (DE-682). He was assigned to engineering and ran thee evaporators. The Underhill was assigned to convoy duty and traveled to North Africa and the North Atlantic. The Underhill was then assigned to convoy duty in the Pacific. The ship rammed a Japanese Kaiten submarine while escorting a convoy near the Philippines. Worden describes the massive explosion and evacuation efforts that followed. He details how the ship lost almost half of its crew in the incident. Worden was rescued and sent back to the U.S. for 30-day survivor leave. He left the Navy soon after the war ended.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Max Schlotter. Schlotter joined the Navy in August 1941 and received basic training in San Diego. He attended service school in Toledo, Ohio. Upon completion, he went to the Brooklyn Navy Yard and converted a banana boat to an attack transport. The ship carried troops just north of Casablanca to Fedala as part of the North Africa invasion. Onboard, Schlotter served as the skipper’s messenger, running errands. He was then promoted to yeoman. He returned to the States and attended Emory University under the V-12 program. He then went to Miami for further training and was assigned to a submarine-chaser. He boarded CVE-1 carrying planes from Long Island to Mogmog. The CVE-1 went to Luzon, where Schlotter took an LSM to Subic Bay. There he boarded a sub-chaser as the executive officer. Apart from enduring a typhoon near Okinawa, his patrols were uneventful. Schlotter returned home and was discharged in February 1946.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Steven Dittrich. Dittrich was born 15 October 1952 in Oceanside, New York. He is first generation American and grew up in an extended family that spoke German in the household. In his narrative, he relates the experiences his father and grandmother had during World War II. His father, Erwin K. Dittrich, was born in Westheim, Germany 25 March 1923. His grandmother was Jewish while his grandfather was a Christian. In March 1943 his grandmother received a deportation order sending her and her son, Erwin, to a transit camp in Bielefeld, Germany. After two months the mother and son were put aboard a train and sent to Theresienstadt concentration camp where the mother died of starvation in 1944. Erwin was sent to a camp at Trebnitz, Germany. The commandant of the camp was Franz Stuschka who was tried and found guilty of war crimes committed during the war. Erwin’s job was to clean the SS barracks. As the Russian Army advanced the camp was evacuated in February 1945 and he was sent to Theresienstadt. In May 1945 the Nazis turned over control of the camp to the Red Cross …

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with James Cooper. Cooper joined the Navy in May 1945 and received basic training in Illinois. There he joined the Blue Jacket Choir. He survived Typhoon Louise as a water tender aboard the USS Admiral W. S. Benson (AP-120), picking up survivors from sunken ships in Buckner Bay. He was transferred to the USS Dorchester (APB-46) as a diesel mechanic and traveled to Wakanura, a small fishing village untouched by war, and Wakayama, where the only buildings left standing were cement bank vaults. Cooper returned home in the summer of 1946 and joined the Reserves. He entered medical school and became an intern at the National Naval Medical Center. He was subsequently assigned as a medical officer aboard destroyers. He recalls encounters with Russian submarines in the Caribbean were routine and cordial. While he was aboard the USS Yosemite (AD-19), an explosion on the USS Bennington (CVA-20) killed over 100 people and left more than 200 severely burned. Cooper was sent to the Newport Naval Hospital and worked for six days beside civilian and military doctors in an ad hoc burn center. He returned to the Yosemite and was …

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with J. L. Summers. Summers joined the Army in 1937. He was assigned to the 2nd Battalion, 131st Field Artillery, 36th Division. He traveled to Java with his unit and was captured by the Japanese in early 1942. Summers talks of his time as a POW covering railroad construction, hunger, disease, and punishment suffered at the hands of his Japanese captors. He also discusses being used as tiger bait by the Japanese during a detail. Summers was liberated at the end of the war and returned back to the States where he left the Army.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Stanley Kuenstler. Kuenstler entered the Navy in 1943. In December 1944 he was assigned to the USS Murphy (DD-603). The USS Murphy escorted the USS Quincy to the Yalta Conference. During the conference King ibn Saud of Saudi Arabia stayed on the USS Murphy and gifted Kuenstler and the crew watches. Following the surrender of Japan, the USS Murphy went on to Nagasaki. Five months before Kuenstler was discharged he transferred from the USS Murphy to the Naval Station and served as an inspector.

Transcript of an oral interview with Sun-Ha Lim. Lim discusses growing up in Korea and living under Japanese Colonial Government, being conscripted into the Japanese army and being part of the mainland defense of Japan in 1945. He also discusses a friend deciding to "go crazy" during training to get out of service and having to fight the Americans, then Lim later pulling him out of a "mental deficiency patient curing place" which was actually a cave in a mountain to get him home to Korea after the war.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Haynes Harkey. Harkey left law school to volunteer for the Navy in the spring of 1941. He received orders to attend Notre Dame in the fall of 1942 and boarded the USS Indiana (BB-58) at Nouméa, New Caledonia, as an ensign in the spring of 1943. The most frightening event during his service was a collision with the USS Washington (BB-56) in which the bow of the ship tore into his stateroom. He was transferred to the USS Lake Champlain (CV-39). Harkey was responsible for ensuring that the other military branches being transported performed their own KP duties. He recalls one group’s Thanksgiving dinner being thrown overboard because no one assumed responsibility for their meal. Harkey returned home and was discharged in the spring of 1946. He returned to law school, this time on the GI Bill.

Transcript of an oral interview with John D. Marshall. Born in 1924, he was drafted into the Army in 1943. He received his basic training at Camp Grant, Illinois. He was assigned to the 94th Medical Gas Treatment Battalion and received his medical training at Camp Ellis, Illinois and Camp Sibert, Alabama. He was talks about training with mustard gas in Bushnell, Florida and mentions being burned by the gas. He was sent to France in July, 1944. He served as a medic at a first aid station as well as a truck driver. He describes conditions during the Battle of the Bulge. He also describes arriving at the Buchenwald concentration camp after the Germans fled. He mentions celebrating V-E Day. After the German surrender, he guarded prisoners in Nuremburg, Germany. He was discharged in December, 1945.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Paul Stebelton. Stebelton joined the Navy in 1943 as an aviation cadet. He then volunteered to transfer to the Armed Guard. Stebelton became a 20mm gunner on the SS Isaac Delgado and traveled to Mindoro with a load of 500-pound bombs. He discusses life on board ship and working with the Merchant Marine. Stebelton left the Navy in 1946, but joined the Air Force in 1947 to become a pilot. He discusses career as a jet pilot in detail. Stebelton retired from the Air Force as a captain after 21 years of service.

Transcript of an oral interview with James “Jim” Vander-Moere, Jr. Born in 1925, he joined the Navy in 1943. He talks about boot camp at the Great Lakes Training Station. He describes the living quarters at the Navy Pier in Chicago, Illinois where he attended diesel school. He also describes his submarine school training at the Naval Submarine Base New London, Connecticut. He was transported to the Pacific Theater aboard the Liberty ship SS John Bartram. At the Freemantle submarine base in Australia, he was assigned to submarine tenders, USS Orion (AS-18) and USS Euryale (AS-22). He talks about the people, the railway system, and recreation in Australia. In February, 1945 he was assigned to the USS Blenny (SS-324), a submarine that patrolled off the coast of French Indochina. He recounts events of the three patrols in which he participated, including sinking various ships and vessels; experiencing a severe depth charge; and a near-miss with an enemy bomber when surfacing after a trim dive. He describes a tactic used by submarines to avoid being depth charged. He also shares anecdotes about a cockroach infestation and celebrating the war’s end with liquor disguised in a witch hazel bottle. When the war …

Transcript of an oral interview with Julius “Bud” Masinick. Born in 1925, he was drafted into the Navy in 1943. He describes boot camp at the Great Lakes Naval Training Center in Illinois. He talks about joining both the baseball team and the boxing program. He describes submarine school at Naval Submarine Base New London, Groton, Connecticut. He was assigned to the USS Icefish (SS-367) in the Pacific Fleet in June, 1944. He talks about the submarine attire. He describes being depth charged while on the submarine. He also describes a burial at sea. He talks about being the athletic officer at Camp Dealy on Guam. He shares anecdotes about being the designated swimmer on the submarine who was tasked with ocean rescues of downed pilots; starting a riot in Perth, Australia; intercepting small gunboats and apprehending Japanese officials attempting to return to Japan; and the unintentional sinking of Javanese fishing boats. He was discharged in April, 1946 and played professional minor league baseball.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Richard Hockensmith. Hockensmith was drafted in the Army in 1942. He was assigned to the 626th Military Police Battalion in Camp Beauregard, Louisiana. They patrolled the streets and served as auxiliary police. He was then assigned to the 394th Military Police Escort Guard Company in Fort Bliss, Texas. They were trained to handle prisoners of war. He also received instruction on personnel management. He was then transferred to a little town about 35 miles east of Waco where a POW camp was established. In 1943 he went by troop ship to North Africa to pick up African and German prisoners from the Afrika Korps to transfer back to a POW camp in Mexia, Texas. He describes the work of a POW at the camp. From Mexia, Hockensmith was transferred to another POW camp in Camp Swift, Texas. He was then transferred into the personnel section of the Medical Corps and was shipped out to the Pacific in late 1944. They traveled to Okinawa, then to Kadena Airfield and remained in this area until January of 1946. He was discharged in early 1946.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Dan Hixenbaugh. Hixenbaugh joined the Navy V-7 program on 7 December 1941. After officer training he went to torpedo school. Hixenbaugh then joined the crew of USS Lamson (DD-367) in early 1943. He met John F. Kennedy on the troopship taking them both to the South Pacific. Hixenbaugh also talks about how he knew Kennedy’s executive officer, Lenny Thom, from earlier in life. He details a kamikaze attack in Ormac Bay that damaged his ship and caused many casualties. Hixenbaugh was awarded the Bronze Star for helping to save the Lamson. He describes returning to the States to have the entire bridge replaced. Hixenbaugh returned to the Pacific on board the Lamson and tells of saving downed aircrewman and going through a major typhoon. He stayed on board for a short period after the surrender when he visited Nagasaki and became the Navigation Officer. Hixenbaugh details the process of ship navigation. He left the service after he had earned enough points after the war.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Robert Dale. Dale joined the Navy in 1944 when he was 16 years old. He was assigned to the heavy cruiser USS Boston (CA-69). Dale served as a fireman in the Engineering Department working with the evaporators. He talks of the Boston shelling the Japanese mainland and being present for the surrender in Tokyo Bay. Dale stayed with the Boston for occupation duty. He describes visiting Hiroshima and interacting with the Japanese people. The Boston returned to the U.S. after six months of occupation duty and Dale left the service.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Ithiel Worden. Worden joined the Navy in the summer of 1942 at the age of seventeen. He was assigned to the USS Underhill (DE-682). He was assigned to engineering and ran thee evaporators. The Underhill was assigned to convoy duty and traveled to North Africa and the North Atlantic. The Underhill was then assigned to convoy duty in the Pacific. The ship rammed a Japanese Kaiten submarine while escorting a convoy near the Philippines. Worden describes the massive explosion and evacuation efforts that followed. He details how the ship lost almost half of its crew in the incident. Worden was rescued and sent back to the U.S. for 30-day survivor leave. He left the Navy soon after the war ended.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Max Schlotter. Schlotter joined the Navy in August 1941 and received basic training in San Diego. He attended service school in Toledo, Ohio. Upon completion, he went to the Brooklyn Navy Yard and converted a banana boat to an attack transport. The ship carried troops just north of Casablanca to Fedala as part of the North Africa invasion. Onboard, Schlotter served as the skipper’s messenger, running errands. He was then promoted to yeoman. He returned to the States and attended Emory University under the V-12 program. He then went to Miami for further training and was assigned to a submarine-chaser. He boarded CVE-1 carrying planes from Long Island to Mogmog. The CVE-1 went to Luzon, where Schlotter took an LSM to Subic Bay. There he boarded a sub-chaser as the executive officer. Apart from enduring a typhoon near Okinawa, his patrols were uneventful. Schlotter returned home and was discharged in February 1946.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Steven Dittrich. Dittrich was born 15 October 1952 in Oceanside, New York. He is first generation American and grew up in an extended family that spoke German in the household. In his narrative, he relates the experiences his father and grandmother had during World War II. His father, Erwin K. Dittrich, was born in Westheim, Germany 25 March 1923. His grandmother was Jewish while his grandfather was a Christian. In March 1943 his grandmother received a deportation order sending her and her son, Erwin, to a transit camp in Bielefeld, Germany. After two months the mother and son were put aboard a train and sent to Theresienstadt concentration camp where the mother died of starvation in 1944. Erwin was sent to a camp at Trebnitz, Germany. The commandant of the camp was Franz Stuschka who was tried and found guilty of war crimes committed during the war. Erwin’s job was to clean the SS barracks. As the Russian Army advanced the camp was evacuated in February 1945 and he was sent to Theresienstadt. In May 1945 the Nazis turned over control of the camp to the Red Cross …

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with J. L. Summers. Summers joined the Army in 1937. He was assigned to the 2nd Battalion, 131st Field Artillery, 36th Division. He traveled to Java with his unit and was captured by the Japanese in early 1942. Summers talks of his time as a POW covering railroad construction, hunger, disease, and punishment suffered at the hands of his Japanese captors. He also discusses being used as tiger bait by the Japanese during a detail. Summers was liberated at the end of the war and returned back to the States where he left the Army.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Stanley Kuenstler. Kuenstler entered the Navy in 1943. In December 1944 he was assigned to the USS Murphy (DD-603). The USS Murphy escorted the USS Quincy to the Yalta Conference. During the conference King ibn Saud of Saudi Arabia stayed on the USS Murphy and gifted Kuenstler and the crew watches. Following the surrender of Japan, the USS Murphy went on to Nagasaki. Five months before Kuenstler was discharged he transferred from the USS Murphy to the Naval Station and served as an inspector.