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A review of battery life-cycle analysis : state of knowledge and critical needs. (open access)

A review of battery life-cycle analysis : state of knowledge and critical needs.

A literature review and evaluation has been conducted on cradle-to-gate life-cycle inventory studies of lead-acid, nickel-cadmium, nickel-metal hydride, sodium-sulfur, and lithium-ion battery technologies. Data were sought that represent the production of battery constituent materials and battery manufacture and assembly. Life-cycle production data for many battery materials are available and usable, though some need updating. For the remaining battery materials, lifecycle data either are nonexistent or, in some cases, in need of updating. Although battery manufacturing processes have occasionally been well described, detailed quantitative information on energy and material flows is missing. For all but the lithium-ion batteries, enough constituent material production energy data are available to approximate material production energies for the batteries, though improved input data for some materials are needed. Due to the potential benefit of battery recycling and a scarcity of associated data, there is a critical need for life-cycle data on battery material recycling. Either on a per kilogram or per watt-hour capacity basis, lead-acid batteries have the lowest production energy, carbon dioxide emissions, and criteria pollutant emissions. Some process-related emissions are also reviewed in this report.
Date: December 22, 2010
Creator: Sullivan, J. L.; Gaines, L. & Systems, Energy
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Safety Evaluation Report: Development of Improved Composite Pressure Vessels for Hydrogen Storage, Lincoln Composites, Lincoln, NE, May 25, 2010 (open access)

Safety Evaluation Report: Development of Improved Composite Pressure Vessels for Hydrogen Storage, Lincoln Composites, Lincoln, NE, May 25, 2010

Lincoln Composites operates a facility for designing, testing, and manufacturing composite pressure vessels. Lincoln Composites also has a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)-funded project to develop composite tanks for high-pressure hydrogen storage. The initial stage of this project involves testing the permeation of high-pressure hydrogen through polymer liners. The company recently moved and is constructing a dedicated research/testing laboratory at their new location. In the meantime, permeation tests are being performed in a corner of a large manufacturing facility. The safety review team visited the Lincoln Composites site on May 25, 2010. The project team presented an overview of the company and project and took the safety review team on a tour of the facility. The safety review team saw the entire process of winding a carbon fiber/resin tank on a liner, installing the boss and valves, and curing and painting the tank. The review team also saw the new laboratory that is being built for the DOE project and the temporary arrangement for the hydrogen permeation tests.
Date: December 22, 2010
Creator: Fort, III, William C.; Kallman, Richard A.; Maes, Miguel; Skolnik, Edward G. & Weiner, Steven C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Sapulpa Daily Herald (Sapulpa, Okla.), Vol. 96, No. 71, Ed. 1 Wednesday, December 22, 2010 (open access)

Sapulpa Daily Herald (Sapulpa, Okla.), Vol. 96, No. 71, Ed. 1 Wednesday, December 22, 2010

Daily newspaper from Sapulpa, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: December 22, 2010
Creator: Harmon, C. L.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Statistical Exploration of Electronic Structure of Molecules from Quantum Monte-Carlo Simulations (open access)

Statistical Exploration of Electronic Structure of Molecules from Quantum Monte-Carlo Simulations

In this report, we present results from analysis of Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulation data with the goal of determining internal structure of a 3N-dimensional phase space of an N-electron molecule. We are interested in mining the simulation data for patterns that might be indicative of the bond rearrangement as molecules change electronic states. We examined simulation output that tracks the positions of two coupled electrons in the singlet and triplet states of an H2 molecule. The electrons trace out a trajectory, which was analyzed with a number of statistical techniques. This project was intended to address the following scientific questions: (1) Do high-dimensional phase spaces characterizing electronic structure of molecules tend to cluster in any natural way? Do we see a change in clustering patterns as we explore different electronic states of the same molecule? (2) Since it is hard to understand the high-dimensional space of trajectories, can we project these trajectories to a lower dimensional subspace to gain a better understanding of patterns? (3) Do trajectories inherently lie in a lower-dimensional manifold? Can we recover that manifold? After extensive statistical analysis, we are now in a better position to respond to these questions. (1) We definitely see clustering …
Date: December 22, 2010
Creator: Prabhat, Mr.; Zubarev, Dmitry & Lester, William A., Jr.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Sweetwater Reporter (Sweetwater, Tex.), Vol. 113, No. 032, Ed. 1 Wednesday, December 22, 2010 (open access)

Sweetwater Reporter (Sweetwater, Tex.), Vol. 113, No. 032, Ed. 1 Wednesday, December 22, 2010

Daily newspaper from Sweetwater, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: December 22, 2010
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The TANF Emergency Contingency Fund (open access)

The TANF Emergency Contingency Fund

This report discusses the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, which created an Emergency Contingency Fund (ECF) within the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) block grant. The fund expired on September 30, 2010. It helped states, Indian tribes, and territories pay for additional costs of providing economic aid to families during the current economic downturn for FY2009 and FY2010. This report describes the TANF ECF as well as proposals offered in 2010 to extend and modify TANF emergency funding.
Date: December 22, 2010
Creator: Falk, Gene
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) Block Grant: A Primer on TANF Financing and Federal Requirements (open access)

The Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) Block Grant: A Primer on TANF Financing and Federal Requirements

None
Date: December 22, 2010
Creator: Falk, Gene
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Trade Promotion Authority and the Korea Free Trade Agreement (open access)

Trade Promotion Authority and the Korea Free Trade Agreement

This report looks at the effects of the Korean Free Trade Agreement (KORUS FTA) on side agreements via the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).
Date: December 22, 2010
Creator: Barbour, Emily C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
A Two-Coordinate Nickel Imido Complex That Effects C-H Amination (open access)

A Two-Coordinate Nickel Imido Complex That Effects C-H Amination

This article discusses a two-coordinate nickel imido complex that effects C-H amination.
Date: December 22, 2010
Creator: Laskowski, Carl A.; Miller, Alexander J.M.; Hillhouse, Gregory L. & Cundari, Thomas R., 1964-
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Unemployment Through Layoffs and Offshore Outsourcing (open access)

Unemployment Through Layoffs and Offshore Outsourcing

This report focuses on unemployment through layoffs. It sets forth the publicly available sources of information on layoffs and determines whether they provide data on the reasons that underlie those events (e.g., weak product demand, financial difficulty). The report next briefly provides a context for the offshore outsourcing phenomenon and its relationship to gross and net employment change. It then analyzes the trend in, severity of, and explanations of extended mass layoffs before concluding with an examination of those layoff events that involve movement-of work to foreign-based affiliates of the U.S. company that called the layoff or to foreign businesses, for example.
Date: December 22, 2010
Creator: Levine, Linda
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Yoakum Herald-Times (Yoakum, Tex.), Vol. 118, No. 51, Ed. 1 Wednesday, December 22, 2010 (open access)

Yoakum Herald-Times (Yoakum, Tex.), Vol. 118, No. 51, Ed. 1 Wednesday, December 22, 2010

Weekly newspaper from Yoakum, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: December 22, 2010
Creator: McCracken, Michael S.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History