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1958-2006 Precipitation Climatology for Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore Site and Site 300 (open access)

1958-2006 Precipitation Climatology for Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore Site and Site 300

This report contains rainfall climatology and analyses during the period from 1958 to 2006 for the two sites of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory: the Livermore site and Site 300. The measurement sites are described, a regional climatology overview is provided, and the effect of topography on regional precipitation is discussed. Rainfall statistics are presented including monthly normals (30-year means) and medians; percentages of time that rainfall is less than or equal to specified amounts for given months, years, and seasons; and mean, median, and maximum numbers of days of precipitation for specified amounts by month, year, and season. The rainfall pattern is demonstrated to be typical of Mediterranean climates, with most rain falling during the cold season. Nearly 80% of seasonal rainfall occurs during November through March, with the average annual rainfall equaling 13.62 and 10.64 inches at the Livermore site and Site 300, respectively. Precipitation frequency and extreme value analyses for durations ranging from 15 minutes to 24 hours, month, and rainfall season are shown in order to estimate rainfall amounts for return periods of two to 100 years at both sites. This analysis determined 100-year return periods for largest 24-hour rainfalls of 2.49 and 2.22 inches at the …
Date: December 19, 2006
Creator: Bowen, B M
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
2005 Physics and Advanced Technologies in the News (open access)

2005 Physics and Advanced Technologies in the News

Several outstanding research activities in the Physics and Advanced Technologies Directorate in 2005 were featured in ''Science and Technology Review'', the monthly publication of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Reprints of those articles accompany this report. Here we summarize other science and technology highlights, as well as the awards and recognition received by members of the Directorate in 2005. As part of the World Year of Physics commemorating the 100th anniversary of Einstein's ''miraculous year'', we also highlight ongoing physics research that would not be possible without Einstein's pioneering accomplishments.
Date: December 19, 2006
Creator: Hazi, A U
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
3D GRMHD and GRPIC Simulations of Disk-Jet Coupling and Emission (open access)

3D GRMHD and GRPIC Simulations of Disk-Jet Coupling and Emission

We investigate jet formation in black-hole systems using 3-D General Relativistic Particle-In-Cell (GRPIC) and 3-D GRMHD simulations. GRPIC simulations, which allow charge separations in a collisionless plasma, do not need to invoke the frozen condition as in GRMHD simulations. 3-D GRPIC simulations show that jets are launched from Kerr black holes as in 3-D GRMHD simulations, but jet formation in the two cases may not be identical. Comparative study of black hole systems with GRPIC and GRMHD simulations with the inclusion of radiate transfer will further clarify the mechanisms that drive the evolution of disk-jet systems.
Date: December 19, 2006
Creator: Nishikawa, Ken-Ichi; Mizuno, Y.; Watson, M.; Hardee, P.; Fuerst, S.; Wu, K. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 108, No. 226, Ed. 1 Tuesday, December 19, 2006 (open access)

The Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 108, No. 226, Ed. 1 Tuesday, December 19, 2006

Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: December 19, 2006
Creator: Bush, Michael
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Annual Report for Gravity Collection Lysimeter Monitoring Plan - ERDF Cells 5 and 6 (open access)

Annual Report for Gravity Collection Lysimeter Monitoring Plan - ERDF Cells 5 and 6

The data and analyses contained in this report reflect the initial characterization of construction and consolidation water in Cells 5 and 6 lysimeters. Therefore, the scope of this report will be to establish constituent levels and document dewatering activities completed to date.
Date: December 19, 2006
Creator: Remsen, W. E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Army Corps of Engineers Water Resources Activities: Authorization and Appropriations (open access)

Army Corps of Engineers Water Resources Activities: Authorization and Appropriations

This report provides an overview of the Corps civil works program. It covers the congressional authorization and appropriation process, the standard project development process, and other Corps activities and authorities.
Date: December 19, 2006
Creator: Carter, Nicole T. & Hughes, H. S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Baytown Sun (Baytown, Tex.), Vol. 86, No. 23, Ed. 1 Tuesday, December 19, 2006 (open access)

The Baytown Sun (Baytown, Tex.), Vol. 86, No. 23, Ed. 1 Tuesday, December 19, 2006

Daily newspaper from Baytown, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: December 19, 2006
Creator: Clements, Clifford E.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Boerne Star & Recorder (Boerne, Tex.), Vol. 100, No. 101, Ed. 1 Tuesday, December 19, 2006 (open access)

Boerne Star & Recorder (Boerne, Tex.), Vol. 100, No. 101, Ed. 1 Tuesday, December 19, 2006

Semiweekly newspaper from Boerne, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: December 19, 2006
Creator: Cartwright, Brian
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
BSE (“Mad Cow Disease”): A Brief Overview (open access)

BSE (“Mad Cow Disease”): A Brief Overview

This report provides background on appearance of BSE(bovine spongiform encephalopathy or "mad cow disease") in North America.
Date: December 19, 2006
Creator: Becker, Geoffrey S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Chapter 9: Electronics (open access)

Chapter 9: Electronics

Sophisticated front-end electronics are a key part of practically all modern radiation detector systems. This chapter introduces the basic principles and their implementation. Topics include signal acquisition, electronic noise, pulse shaping (analog and digital), and data readout techniques.
Date: December 19, 2006
Creator: Grupen, Claus & Shwartz, Boris A.
Object Type: Book
System: The UNT Digital Library
Constitutionality of Proposals to Prohibit the Sale or Rental to Minors of Video Games with Violent or Sexual Content or “Strong Language” (open access)

Constitutionality of Proposals to Prohibit the Sale or Rental to Minors of Video Games with Violent or Sexual Content or “Strong Language”

It has been proposed that Congress prohibit the sale or rental to minors of video games that are rated "M" (Mature) or "AO" (Adults Only) by the Entertainment Software Ratings Board. This board is a non-governmental entity established by the Interactive Digital Software Association, and its ratings currently have no legal effect. This report details first amendment principles, violent and sexually explicit video game decisions, and related information.
Date: December 19, 2006
Creator: Cohen, Henry
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Cuba: Issues for the 109th Congress (open access)

Cuba: Issues for the 109th Congress

This report discusses U.S.-Cuba relations since the early 1960s. There are several schools of thought on how to achieve the objective of bringing democracy and respect for human rights to Cuba: some advocate maximum pressure on Cuba until reforms are enacted; others argue for lifting some U.S. sanctions judged to be hurting the Cuban people; and still others call for a swift normalization of U.S.-Cuban relations.
Date: December 19, 2006
Creator: Sullivan, Mark P.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Cyprus: Status of U.N. Negotiations and Related Issues (open access)

Cyprus: Status of U.N. Negotiations and Related Issues

This report provides information about the Status of U.N. Negotiations and Related Issues on Cyprus.Cyprus has been divided since 1974.since the 1970s,the U.N with U.S support has promoted negotiations aimed at reuniting the island.
Date: December 19, 2006
Creator: Migdalovitz, Carol
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Diffusion in Grain Boundary Triple Junctions, and its Effects on the Behavior of Nanostructured Materials (open access)

Diffusion in Grain Boundary Triple Junctions, and its Effects on the Behavior of Nanostructured Materials

Final Report describing reserach carried out at Purdue University
Date: December 19, 2006
Creator: Dayananda, A.H. King and M.A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Environmental Modeling Research at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill: Final Report (open access)

Environmental Modeling Research at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill: Final Report

Mechanistic mathematical models of environmental systems are used routinely to assess our understanding of the operative complex processes in nature. As our understanding matures, the complexity of these models increases and so too does the effort required to construct such models. This effort can be person years in some cases, and changes in model formulations or methods frequently leads to the need to either perform major revisions of existing codes or to abandon an existing code and recode the majority of the simulator. This project was intended to be a proof of concept approach aimed at developing a problem solving environment for the development of environmental models. The domain of focus was fluid flow and species transport in subsurface, porous medium systems. An approach was developed in which a mathematical model formulation was specified in LaTeX and this text document was processed, or compiled, multiple times to ultimately result in a computational simulator or model. The DOE developed Common Component Architecture paradigm was leveraged to implement solvers for reactions, integrators, algorithms, and discretization methods. A set of test problems was solved and the overall conclusion of the project is that a problem solving environment to support environmental modeling is certainly …
Date: December 19, 2006
Creator: Miller, C. T.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Express-Star (Chickasha, Okla.), Ed. 1 Tuesday, December 19, 2006 (open access)

The Express-Star (Chickasha, Okla.), Ed. 1 Tuesday, December 19, 2006

Daily newspaper from Chickasha, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: December 19, 2006
Creator: Bush, Kent
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Federal Income Tax Treatment of the Family (open access)

Federal Income Tax Treatment of the Family

The first section summarizes the major features of the tax law affecting families and family choices, and how they developed over time, including the relatively recent introduction of large benefits for children at low and moderate income levels, a reversal of a trend in the past that tended to reduce these benefits through the erosion of the real value of the personal exemptions. It also summarizes the origin of the marriage penalty and marriage bonus. The following two sections first discuss general equity issues, and then apply the ability-to-pay standard to examine how tax burdens vary by family size, across the income spectrum. The final section examines the marriage penalties and bonuses.
Date: December 19, 2006
Creator: Gravelle, Jane G.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Federal Law Enforcement: Survey of Federal Civilian Law Enforcement Functions and Authorities (open access)

Federal Law Enforcement: Survey of Federal Civilian Law Enforcement Functions and Authorities

A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "Law enforcement officers (LEOs) within the federal government play a key role in maintaining the safety and security of federal property, employees, and the general public. In this report, we describe the number of LEOs that federal civilian law enforcement components employed as of June 30, 2006; the federal job series classifications the components used to employ LEOs; and the sources of their primary legal authorities. To identify federal components that employ LEOs, we consulted, among other sources, the Federal Citizen Information Center's Cabinet Agencies and Independent Agencies and Commissions Directory; a list of organizations included in the Federal Law Enforcement Training Center (FLETC) 2004-2005 List of Agencies Trained at FLETC; and federal agencies listed in Federal Law Enforcement Officers, 2002, published by the Department of Justice's Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS). We identified 104 federal civilian law enforcement components and administered two Web-based surveys to each--one survey on the primary authorities and the other survey on the job series classifications. We defined an LEO as an individual authorized to perform any of four specific functions: (1) conduct criminal investigations, (2) execute search warrants, (3) make …
Date: December 19, 2006
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
FEDERAL USERS CONFERENCE PRODUCT LINE TOOL SET (PLTS) MAP PRODUCTION SYSTEM (MPS) ATLAS CUSTOM GRIDS [Rev 0 was draft] (open access)

FEDERAL USERS CONFERENCE PRODUCT LINE TOOL SET (PLTS) MAP PRODUCTION SYSTEM (MPS) ATLAS CUSTOM GRIDS [Rev 0 was draft]

Maps, and more importantly Atlases, are assisting the user community in managing a large land area with complex issues, the most complex of which is the management of nuclear waste. The techniques and experiences discussed herein were gained while developing several atlases for use at the US Department of Energy's Hanford Site. The user community requires the ability to locate not only waste sites, but other features as well. Finding a specific waste site on a map and in the field is a difficult task at a site the size of Hanford. To find a specific waste site, the user begins by locating the item or object in an index, then locating the feature on the corresponding map within an atlas. Locating features requires a method for indexing them. The location index and how to place it on a map or atlas is the central theme presented in this article. The user requirements for atlases forced the design team to develop new and innovative solutions for requirements that Product Line Tool Set (PLTS) Map Production System (MPS)-Atlas was not designed to handle. The layout of the most complex atlases includes custom reference grids, multiple data frames, multiple map series, and …
Date: December 19, 2006
Creator: Hayenga, J. L.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Fishery, Aquaculture, and Marine Mammal Legislation in the 109th Congress (open access)

Fishery, Aquaculture, and Marine Mammal Legislation in the 109th Congress

Fish and marine mammals are important resources in open ocean and nearshore coastal areas. Many laws and regulations guide the management of these resources by federal agencies. This report contains information on commercial and sport fisheries, aquaculture, and marine mammals and issues related to the 109th Congress.
Date: December 19, 2006
Creator: Buck, Eugene H.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Formal Specification of the OpenMP Memory Model (open access)

Formal Specification of the OpenMP Memory Model

OpenMP [2] is an important API for shared memory programming, combining shared memory's potential for performance with a simple programming interface. Unfortunately, OpenMP lacks a critical tool for demonstrating whether programs are correct: a formal memory model. Instead, the current official definition of the OpenMP memory model (the OpenMP 2.5 specification [2]) is in terms of informal prose. As a result, it is impossible to verify OpenMP applications formally since the prose does not provide a formal consistency model that precisely describes how reads and writes on different threads interact. We expand on our previous work that focused on the formal verification of OpenMP programs through a formal memory model [?]. As in that work, our formalization, which is derived from the existing prose model [2], provides a two-step process to verify whether an observed OpenMP execution is conformant. This paper extends the model to cover the entire specification. In addition to this formalization, our contributions include a discussion of ambiguities in the current prose-based memory model description. Although our formal model may not capture the current informal memory model perfectly, in part due to these ambiguities, our model reflects our understanding of the informal model's intent. We conclude with …
Date: December 19, 2006
Creator: Bronevetsky, G & de Supinski, B
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Greensheet (Houston, Tex.), Vol. 37, No. 541, Ed. 1 Tuesday, December 19, 2006 (open access)

Greensheet (Houston, Tex.), Vol. 37, No. 541, Ed. 1 Tuesday, December 19, 2006

Free weekly newspaper that includes business and classified advertising.
Date: December 19, 2006
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Greensheet (Houston, Tex.), Vol. 37, No. 542, Ed. 1 Tuesday, December 19, 2006 (open access)

Greensheet (Houston, Tex.), Vol. 37, No. 542, Ed. 1 Tuesday, December 19, 2006

Free weekly newspaper that includes business and classified advertising.
Date: December 19, 2006
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Heavy-ion induced electronic desorption of gas from metals (open access)

Heavy-ion induced electronic desorption of gas from metals

During heavy ion operation in several particle accelerators world-wide, dynamic pressure rises of orders of magnitude were triggered by lost beam ions that bombarded the vacuum chamber walls. This ion-induced molecular desorption, observed at CERN, GSI, and BNL, can seriously limit the ion beam lifetime and intensity of the accelerator. From dedicated test stand experiments we have discovered that heavy-ion induced gas desorption scales with the electronic energy loss (dE{sub e}/d/dx) of the ions slowing down in matter; but it varies only little with the ion impact angle, unlike electronic sputtering.
Date: December 19, 2006
Creator: Molvik, A W; Kollmus, H; Mahner, E; Covo, M K; Bellachioma, M C; Bender, M et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library