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End-Stage Renal Disease: Bundling Medicare's Payment for Drugs with Payment for All ESRD Services Would Promote Efficiency and Clinical Flexibility (open access)

End-Stage Renal Disease: Bundling Medicare's Payment for Drugs with Payment for All ESRD Services Would Promote Efficiency and Clinical Flexibility

A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "Medicare covers dialysis--a process that removes excess fluids and toxins from the bloodstream--for most individuals with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), a condition of permanent kidney failure. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) pays for certain dialysis services under a type of bundled rate, called a composite rate, and, for certain dialysis-related drugs, pays a separate rate per dose each time the drug is administered. These drugs are referred to as "separately billable" and are paid at 6 percent above manufacturers' average sales price (ASP). Recently, the Congress required CMS to explore the creation of a bundled payment for all ESRD services, including separately billable drugs. GAO was asked to examine (1) recent changes in payments for ESRD services, (2) the ASP payment method of setting rates for separately billable ESRD drugs, and (3) CMS efforts to develop a bundled payment method that includes all ESRD drugs. GAO obtained information for this study from CMS, the U.S. Renal Data System, ESRD experts, and previously issued GAO reports."
Date: November 13, 2006
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Executive Correspondence – letter to Commissioner Newton from Lt. General Eugene Tattini, USAF Retired` (open access)

Executive Correspondence – letter to Commissioner Newton from Lt. General Eugene Tattini, USAF Retired`

Executive Correspondence – letter to Commissioner Newton from Lt. General Eugene Tattini, USAF Retired concerning DCN 1848 submitted to the BRAC Commission.
Date: January 13, 2006
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Letter
System: The UNT Digital Library
Executive Correspondence – letter to Chairman Principi from Under Secretary of Defense Michael Wynne (open access)

Executive Correspondence – letter to Chairman Principi from Under Secretary of Defense Michael Wynne

Executive Correspondence – letter to Chairman Principi from Under Secretary of Defense Michael Wynne offering his staff to assist in reviewing the BRAC Commission’s recommendations.
Date: January 13, 2006
Creator: United States. Department of Defense.
Object Type: Letter
System: The UNT Digital Library
Executive Correspondence – letter to Chairman Principi  from Anne Rathmell Davis (open access)

Executive Correspondence – letter to Chairman Principi from Anne Rathmell Davis

Executive Correspondence – letter to Chairman Principi from Anne Rathmell Davis responding to a question by the BRAC Commission.
Date: January 13, 2006
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Letter
System: The UNT Digital Library
Executive Correspondence – letter to Chairman Principi from Robert Fossum, PhD (open access)

Executive Correspondence – letter to Chairman Principi from Robert Fossum, PhD

Executive Correspondence – letter to Chairman Principi from Robert Fossum, PhD enclosing a letter sent to the Secretary of the Navy regarding Naval Post Graduate School.
Date: January 13, 2006
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Letter
System: The UNT Digital Library
Executive Correspondence – letter to Chairman Principi from Rob Reynolds (open access)

Executive Correspondence – letter to Chairman Principi from Rob Reynolds

Executive Correspondence – letter to Chairman Principi from Rob Reynolds concerning DFAS
Date: January 13, 2006
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Letter
System: The UNT Digital Library
Executive Correspondence – Resolutions for Niagara Falls Air Base. (open access)

Executive Correspondence – Resolutions for Niagara Falls Air Base.

Executive Correspondence – Resolutions in support of Niagara Falls Air Base.
Date: January 13, 2006
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Letter
System: The UNT Digital Library
Executive Correspondence – letter to Chairman Principi from Anne Rathmell Davis (open access)

Executive Correspondence – letter to Chairman Principi from Anne Rathmell Davis

Executive Correspondence – letter to Chairman Principi from Anne Rathmell Davis concerning an inquiry from BRAC staff concerning NAS Atlanta.
Date: January 13, 2006
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Letter
System: The UNT Digital Library
Waste Isolation Pilot Plant 2005 Site Environmental Report (open access)

Waste Isolation Pilot Plant 2005 Site Environmental Report

The purpose of this report is to provide information needed by the DOE to assess WIPP's environmental performance and to make WIPP environmental information available to stakeholders and members of the public. This report has been prepared in accordance with DOE Order 231.1A and DOE guidance. This report documents WIPP's environmental monitoring programs and their results for 2004. The WIPP Project is authorized by the DOE National Security and Military Applications of Nuclear Energy Authorization Act of 1980 (Pub. L. 96-164). After more than 20 years of scientific study and public input, WIPP received its first shipment of waste on March 26, 1999. Located in southeastern New Mexico, WIPP is the nation's first underground repository permitted to safely and permanently dispose of TRU radioactive and mixed waste (as defined in the WIPP LWA) generated through defense activities and programs. TRU waste is defined, in the WIPP LWA, as radioactive waste containing more than 100 nanocuries (3,700 becquerels [Bq]) of alpha-emitting TRU isotopes per gram of waste, with half-lives greater than 20 years except for high-level waste, waste that has been determined not to require the degree of isolation required by the disposal regulations, and waste the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission …
Date: October 13, 2006
Creator: Services, Washington Regulatory and Environmental
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Avoiding the Haircut: Potential Ways to Enhance the Value of theUSDA's Section 9006 Program (open access)

Avoiding the Haircut: Potential Ways to Enhance the Value of theUSDA's Section 9006 Program

Section 9006 of Title IX of The Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (the '2002 Farm Bill') established the Renewable Energy Systems and Energy Efficiency Improvements Program (the 'Section 9006 program'). Administered by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), the Section 9006 program provides grants, loan guarantees, and - perhaps in the future - direct loans to farmers, ranchers, and rural small businesses for assistance with purchasing renewable energy systems and making energy efficiency improvements. In the three rounds of Section 9006 funding to date (FY03-FY05), roughly 40% of all grant dollars in aggregate have been awarded to 'large' (defined as > 100 kW) wind projects. Such projects are also typically eligible for the Federal Production Tax Credit (PTC) codified in Section 45 of the US tax code. Because the PTC provides a significant amount of value to a wind project, most 'large wind' applicants to the Section 9006 program have also tried to take advantage of the PTC. Through what are known as 'anti-double-dipping' or, more colloquially, 'haircut' provisions, however, the size of the PTC is reduced if a project receives certain other forms of governmental support. Specifically, Section 45(b)(3) of the US tax code reduces …
Date: July 13, 2006
Creator: Bolinger, Mark
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
SATB1 tethers multiple gene loci to reprogram expression profiledriving breast cancer metastasis (open access)

SATB1 tethers multiple gene loci to reprogram expression profiledriving breast cancer metastasis

Global changes in gene expression occur during tumor progression, as indicated by expression profiling of metastatic tumors. How this occurs is poorly understood. SATB1 functions as a genome organizer by folding chromatin via tethering multiple genomic loci and recruiting chromatin remodeling enzymes to regulate chromatin structure and expression of a large number of genes. Here we show that SATB1 is expressed at high levels in aggressive breast cancer cells, and is undetectable in non-malignant breast epithelial cells. Importantly, RNAi-mediated removal of SATB1 from highly-aggressive MDA-MB-231 cells altered the expression levels of over 1200 genes, restored breast-like acinar polarity in three-dimensional cultures, and prevented the metastastic phenotype in vivo. Conversely, overexpression of SATB1 in the less-aggressive breast cancer cell line Hs578T altered the gene expression profile and increased metastasis dramatically in vivo. Thus, SATB1 is a global regulator of gene expression in breast cancer cells, directly regulating crucial metastasis-associated genes, including ERRB2 (HER2/NEU), TGF-{beta}1, matrix metalloproteinase 3, and metastasin. The identification of SATB1 as a protein that re-programs chromatin organization and transcription profiles to promote breast cancer metastasis suggests a new model for metastasis and may provide means of therapeutic intervention.
Date: July 13, 2006
Creator: Han, Hye-Jung; Kohwi, Yoshinori & Kohwi-Shigematsu, Terumi
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Transmission Electron Microscopy Study of InN Nanorods (open access)

Transmission Electron Microscopy Study of InN Nanorods

InN nanorods were grown on a, c-, and r-plane of sapphire and also on Si (111) and GaN (0001) by non-catalytic, template-free hydride metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy and studied by transmission electron microscopy, electron energy loss (EELS) and photoluminescence (PL) at room temperature. These nanocrystals have different shapes and different faceting depending on the substrate used and their crystallographic orientation. EELS measurements have confirmed the high purity of these crystals. The observed PL peak was in the range of 0.9-0.95 eV. The strongest PL intensity was observed for the nanocrystals with the larger diameters.
Date: July 13, 2006
Creator: Liliental-Weber, Z.; Li, X.; Kryliouk, Olga; Park, H.J.; Mangum,J. & Anderson, T.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Incorporation of aqueous reaction kinetics and biodegradation intoTOUGHREACT: Application of a multi-region model to hydrobiogeoChemicaltransport of denitrification and sulfate reduction (open access)

Incorporation of aqueous reaction kinetics and biodegradation intoTOUGHREACT: Application of a multi-region model to hydrobiogeoChemicaltransport of denitrification and sulfate reduction

The need to consider aqueous and sorption kinetics andmicrobiological processes arises in many subsurface problems. Ageneral-rate expression has been implemented into the TOUGHREACTsimulator, which considers multiple mechanisms (pathways) and includesmultiple product, Monod, and inhibition terms. This paper presents aformulation for incorporating kinetic rates among primary species intomass-balance equations. The space discretization used is based on aflexible integral finite difference approach that uses irregular griddingto model bio-geologic structures. A general multi-region model forhydrological transport interacted with microbiological and geochemicalprocesses is proposed. A 1-D reactive transport problem with kineticbiodegradation and sorption was used to test the enhanced simulator,which involves the processes that occur when a pulse of water containingNTA (nitrylotriacetate) and cobalt is injected into a column. The currentsimulation results agree very well with those obtained with othersimulators. The applicability of this general multi-region model wasvalidated by results from a published column experiment ofdenitrification and sulfate reduction. The matches with measured nitrateand sulfate concentrations were adjusted with the interficial areabetween mobile hydrological and immobile biological regions. Resultssuggest that TOUGHREACT can not only be a useful interpretative tool forbiogeochemical experiments, but also can produce insight into processesand parameters of microscopic diffusion and their interplay withbiogeochemical reactions. The geometric- and process-based multi-regionmodel may provide …
Date: July 13, 2006
Creator: Xu, Tianfu
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Cleanup Verification Package for the 118-B-6, 108-B Solid Waste Burial Ground (open access)

Cleanup Verification Package for the 118-B-6, 108-B Solid Waste Burial Ground

This cleanup verification package documents completion of remedial action for the 118-B-6, 108-B Solid Waste Burial Ground. The 118-B-6 site consisted of 2 concrete pipes buried vertically in the ground and capped by a concrete pad with steel lids. The site was used for the disposal of wastes from the "metal line" of the P-10 Tritium Separation Project.
Date: June 13, 2006
Creator: Proctor, M. L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
ANALYSIS RESULTS FOR BUILDING 241 702-AZ A TRAIN (open access)

ANALYSIS RESULTS FOR BUILDING 241 702-AZ A TRAIN

This report presents the analyses results for three samples obtained under RPP-PLAN-28509, Sampling and Analysis Plan for Building 241 702-AZ A Train. The sampling and analysis was done in response to problem evaluation request number PER-2004-6139, 702-AZ Filter Rooms Need Radiological Cleanup Efforts.
Date: December 13, 2006
Creator: JB, DUNCAN; JM, FRYE; CA, COOKE; SW, LI & FJ, BROCKMAN
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Cleanup Verification Package for the 300 VTS Waste Site (open access)

Cleanup Verification Package for the 300 VTS Waste Site

This cleanup verification package documents completion of remedial action for the 300 Area Vitrification Test Site, also known as the 300 VTS site. The site was used by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory as a field demonstration site for in situ vitrification of soils containing simulated waste.
Date: March 13, 2006
Creator: Mitchell, S. W. Clark and T. H.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Germanium-Based Detectors for Gamma-Ray Imaging andSpectroscopy (open access)

Germanium-Based Detectors for Gamma-Ray Imaging andSpectroscopy

Germanium-based detectors are the standard technology usedfor gamma-ray spectroscopy when high efficiency and excellent energyresolution are desired. By dividing the electrical contacts on thesedetectors into segments, the locations of the gamma-ray interactionevents within the detectors can be determined as well as the depositedenergies. This enables simultaneous gamma-ray imaging and spectroscopyand leads to applications in the areas of astronomy, nuclear physics,environmental remediation, nuclear nonproliferation, and homelandsecurity. Producing the fine-pitched electrode segmentation oftenrequired for imaging has been problematic in the past. To address thisissue, we have developed an amorphous-semiconductor contact technology.Using this technology, fully passivated detectors with closely spacedcontacts can be produced using a simple fabrication process. The currentstate of the amorphous-semiconductor contact technology and thechallenges that remain will be given in this paper.
Date: October 13, 2006
Creator: Amman, Mark; Luke, Paul N. & Boggs, Steven E.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Adventures in Laser Produced Plasma Research (open access)

Adventures in Laser Produced Plasma Research

In the UK the study of laser produced plasmas and their applications began in the universities and evolved to a current system where the research is mainly carried out at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Central Laser Facility ( CLF) which is provided to support the universities. My own research work has been closely tied to this evolution and in this review I describe the history with particular reference to my participation in it.
Date: January 13, 2006
Creator: Key, M.
Object Type: Book
System: The UNT Digital Library
Achievable magnetic fields of super-ferric helical undulators for the ILC. (open access)

Achievable magnetic fields of super-ferric helical undulators for the ILC.

The magnetic fields on the beam axis of helical undulators for the proposed International Linear Collider (ILC) gamma-ray production were calculated for undulator periods of 10 mm and 12 mm. The calculation assumed the use of low-carbon steel for the magnetic poles and a beam chamber outer diameter of 6.3 mm. Using NbTi superconducting coils at 4.2 K, the on-axis field for a 10-mm-period undulator was 0.62 T at the critical current density. The field for a 12-mm undulator period was 0.95 T, which gives a K value of 1.06. The K value for an 11-mm undulator with Nb{sub 3}Sn superconducting coils was estimated to about 1.1.
Date: April 13, 2006
Creator: Kim, S. H.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Time-Resolved FT-IR Spectroscopy of CO Hydrogenation overSupported Ru Catalyst at 700K (open access)

Time-Resolved FT-IR Spectroscopy of CO Hydrogenation overSupported Ru Catalyst at 700K

Time-resolved FT-IR spectra of carbon monoxide hydrogenation over alumina-supported ruthenium were recorded on the millisecond timescale at 703 K using various H{sub 2} concentrations (1 atm total pressure). Adsorbed carbon monoxide was detected along with gas phase products methane (3016 and 1306 cm{sup -1}), water (sharp bands from 1900 - 1300 cm{sup -1}), and carbon dioxide (2348 cm{sup -1}). No other surface species were detected other than adsorbed carbon monoxide. The rate of formation of methane (2.5 {+-} 0.4 s{sup -1}) coincides with the rate of formation of carbon dioxide (3.4 {+-} 0.6 s{sup -1}), and bands due to water are observed to grow in over time. These results establish that methane and carbon dioxide originate from the same intermediate. The adsorbed carbon monoxide band is broad and unsymmetrical with a maximum at 2010 cm{sup -1} in spectra observed at 36 ms that shifts over 3000 ms to 1960 cm{sup -1} due to decreasing amounts of adsorbed carbon monoxide. Kinetic analysis of the adsorbed carbon monoxide band reveals that only a portion of the band can be temporally linked to gas phase products that we observe over the first 1000 ms of catalysis. This result suggests that we are observing …
Date: February 13, 2006
Creator: Wasylenko, Walter & Frei, Heinz
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Theory and Simulation of Warm Dense Matter Targets (open access)

Theory and Simulation of Warm Dense Matter Targets

We present simulations and analysis of the heating of warm dense matter foils by ion beams with ion energy less than one MeV per nucleon to target temperatures of order one eV. Simulations were carried out using the multi-physics radiation hydrodynamics code HYDRA and comparisons are made with analysis and the code DPC. We simulate possible targets for a proposed experiment at LBNL (the so-called Neutralized Drift Compression Experiment, NDCXII) for studies of warm dense matter. We compare the dynamics of ideally heated targets, under several assumed equation of states, exploring dynamics in the two-phase (fluid-vapor) regime.
Date: July 13, 2006
Creator: Barnard, J. J.; Armijo, J.; More, R. M.; Friedman, A.; Kaganovich, I.; Logan, B. G. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library

Quantitative Analyses of the Severity of Attack on Crevice Corrosion Surfaces

None
Date: March 13, 2006
Creator: Hodges, A. J. & Kelly, R. G.
Object Type: Presentation
System: The UNT Digital Library
Gamma-Ray Bursts Shower the Universe with Metals (open access)

Gamma-Ray Bursts Shower the Universe with Metals

According to the results from a Livermore computer model, some of the small change jingling in your pocket contains zinc and copper created in massive gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) that rank as the most impressive light shows in the universe. Livermore astrophysicist Jason Pruet and his colleagues Rebecca Surman and Gail McLaughlin from North Carolina State University (NCSU) reported on their calculations in the February 20, 2004, issue of ''Astrophysical Journal Letters''. They found that GRBs from black holes surrounded by a disk of dense, hot plasma may have contributed heavily to the galactic inventory of elements such as calcium, scandium, titanium, zinc, and copper. ''A typical GRB of this kind briefly outshines all the stars in millions of galaxies combined'', says Pruet. ''Plus it makes about 100 times as much of some common elements as an ordinary supernova''.
Date: January 13, 2006
Creator: Hazi, A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Computing Criticality of Lines in Power Systems (open access)

Computing Criticality of Lines in Power Systems

We propose a computationally efficient method based onnonlinear optimization to identify critical lines, failure of which cancause severe blackouts. Our method computes criticality measure for alllines at a time, as opposed to detecting a single vulnerability,providing a global view of the system. This information on criticality oflines can be used to identify multiple contingencies by selectivelyexploring multiple combinations of broken lines. The effectiveness of ourmethod is demonstrated on the IEEE 30 and 118 bus systems, where we canvery quickly detect the most critical lines in the system and identifysevere multiple contingencies.
Date: October 13, 2006
Creator: Pinar, Ali; Reichert, Adam & Lesieutre, Bernard
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library