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Pore Fluid Effects on Shear Modulus in a Model of Heterogeneous Rocks, Reservoirs, and Granular Media
To provide quantitative measures of the importance of fluid effects on shear waves in heterogeneous reservoirs, a model material called a ''random polycrystal of porous laminates'' is introduced. This model poroelastic material has constituent grains that are layered (or laminated), and each layer is an isotropic, microhomogeneous porous medium. All grains are composed of exactly the same porous constituents, and have the same relative volume fractions. The order of lamination is not important because the up-scaling method used to determine the transversely isotropic (hexagonal) properties of the grains is Backus averaging, which--for quasi-static or long-wavelength behavior--depends only on the volume fractions and layer properties. Grains are then jumbled together totally at random, filling all space, and producing an overall isotropic poroelastic medium. The poroelastic behavior of this medium is then analyzed using the Peselnick-Meister-Watt bounds (of Hashin-Shtrikman type). We study the dependence of the shear modulus on pore fluid properties and determine the range of behavior to be expected. In particular we compare and contrast these results to those anticipated from Gassmann's fluid substitution formulas, and to the predictions of Mavko and Jizba for very low porosity rocks with flat cracks. This approach also permits the study of arbitrary numbers …
Date:
March 23, 2005
Creator:
Berger, E. L.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
CP: AN INVESTIGATION OF COEFFICIENT OF THERMAL EXPANSION, DECOMPOSITION KINETICS, AND REACTION TO VARIOUS STIMULI
The properties of pentaamine (5-cyano-2H-tetrazolato-N2) cobalt (III) perchlorate (CP), which was first synthesized in 1968, continues to be of interest for predicting behavior in handling, shipping, aging, and thermal cook-off situations. We report coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) values over four specific temperature ranges, decomposition kinetics using linear heating rates, and the reaction to three different types of stimuli: impact, spark, and friction. The CTE was measured using a Thermal Mechanical Analyzer (TMA) for samples that were uniaxially compressed at 10,000 psi and analyzed over a dynamic temperature range of -20 C to 70 C. Using differential scanning calorimetry, DSC, CP was decomposed at linear heating rates of 1, 3, and 7 C/min and the kinetic triplet calculated using the LLNL code Kinetics05. Values are also reported for spark, friction, and impact sensitivity.
Date:
March 23, 2005
Creator:
Weese, R. K.; Burnham, A. K. & Fontes, A. T.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Archer Advocate (Holliday, Tex.), Vol. 2, No. 51, Ed. 1 Wednesday, March 23, 2005
Weekly newspaper from Holliday, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
March 23, 2005
Creator:
Thomas, John
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
North Texas Daily (Denton, Tex.), Vol. 89, No. 88, Ed. 1 Wednesday, March 23, 2005
Daily student newspaper from the University of North Texas in Denton, Texas that includes local, state and campus news along with advertising.
Date:
March 23, 2005
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
An Overview of the Target Fabrication Operations at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
The Target Engineering team at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) builds precision laser targets for the National Ignition Facility (NIF) and the Omega Laser in Rochester, NY, and other experimental facilities. The physics requirements demand precision in these targets, which creates a constant need for innovative manufacturing processes. As experimental diagnostics improve, there is greater demand for precision in fabrication, assembly, metrology, and documentation of as-built targets. The team specializes in meso-scale fabrication with core competencies in diamond turning, assembly, and metrology. Figure 1 shows a typical diamond turning center. The team builds over 200 laser targets per year in batches of five to fifteen targets. Thus, all are small-lot custom builds, and most are novel designs requiring engineering and process development. Component materials are metals, polymers and low density aerogel foams. Custom fixturing is used to locate parts on the Diamond Turning Machines (DTM) and assembly stations. This ensures parts can be repeatably located during manufacturing operations. Most target builds involve a series of fabricating one surface with features and then relocating the components on another fixture to finish the opposite side of the component. These components are then assembled to complete multiple-component targets. These targets are typically built …
Date:
March 23, 2005
Creator:
Hibbard, R L & Bono, M J
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Comparing 10 Methods for Solution Verification, and Linking to Model Validation
Grid convergence is often assumed as a given during computational analyses involving discretization of an assumed continuum process. In practical use of finite difference and finite element analyses, perfect grid convergence is rarely achieved or assured, and this fact must be addressed to make statements about model validation or the use of models in risk analysis. We have previously provided a 4-step quantitative implementation for a quantitative V&V process. One of the steps in the 4-step process is that of Solution Verification. Solution Verification is the process of assuring that a model approximating a physical reality with a discretized continuum (e.g. finite element) code converges in each discretized domain to a converged answer on the quantity of subsequent validation interest. The modeling reality is that often we are modeling a problem with a discretized code because it is neither continuous spatially (e.g. contact and impact) nor smooth in relevant physics (e.g. shocks, melting, etc). The typical result is a non-monotonic convergence plot that can lead to spurious conclusions about the order of convergence, and a lack of means to estimate residual solution verification error or uncertainty at confidence. We compare ten techniques for grid convergence assessment, each formulated to enable …
Date:
March 23, 2005
Creator:
Logan, R W & Nitta, C K
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Characterizing Network Services through Cluster-Set Variations
Common Internet services can be reliably distinguished based solely upon the locations of clusters in traffic-based features (ratios of inbound to outbound packets, ratios of packets to payloads, etc.) This capability has value in revealing the nature of ''hidden'' (tunneled) services and in detecting anomalous changes to known services. We provide measures of session capture volumes sufficient to make confidence-level assertions regarding ''unknown'' services, and outline a throughput system for providing alarms for service anomalies.
Date:
March 23, 2005
Creator:
Bartoletti, A & Tang, N
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Scalable Parallel Algebraic Multigrid Solvers
The authors propose a parallel algebraic multilevel algorithm (AMG), which has the novel feature that the subproblem residing in each processor is defined over the entire partition domain, although the vast majority of unknowns for each subproblem are associated with the partition owned by the corresponding processor. This feature ensures that a global coarse description of the problem is contained within each of the subproblems. The advantages of this approach are that interprocessor communication is minimized in the solution process while an optimal order of convergence rate is preserved; and the speed of local subproblem solvers can be maximized using the best existing sequential algebraic solvers.
Date:
March 23, 2005
Creator:
Bank, R; Lu, S; Tong, C & Vassilevski, P
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Committee Types and Roles
This report contains information on the general structure of the U.S. House of Representatives and Senate committee structure, types of committees, and subcommittees.
Date:
March 23, 2005
Creator:
Carr, Thomas P.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
“Spam”: An Overview of Issues Concerning Commercial Electronic Mail
None
Date:
March 23, 2005
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Health Savings Accounts
This report provides summary of the principal rules governing HSAs and then compares HSAs to the other types of tax-advantaged accounts mentioned above.
Date:
March 23, 2005
Creator:
Lyke, Bob; Peterson, Chris & Ranade, Neela
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Privatization and Welfare Administration
None
Date:
March 23, 2005
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Higher Education Act: Reauthorization Status and Issues
This report includes information such as background, summary, and possible reauthorization issues of the Higher Education Act.
Date:
March 23, 2005
Creator:
Stoll, Adam
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Social Security Reform: Legal Analysis of Social Security Benefit Entitlement Issues
None
Date:
March 23, 2005
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
State Children’s Health Insurance Program (SCHIP): A Brief Overview
None
Date:
March 23, 2005
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
AIDS Funding for Federal Government Programs: FY1981-FY2006
This report provides an overview of Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) spending on HIV/AIDS (human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome) as well as budget numbers for other federal government programs targeting HIV/AIDS.
Date:
March 23, 2005
Creator:
Johnson, Judith A. & Coleman, Sharon
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Membership of the 109th Congress: A Profile
None
Date:
March 23, 2005
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Export-Import Bank: Legislative Mandate for Small Business
None
Date:
March 23, 2005
Creator:
Jackson, James K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Colony Courier-Leader (The Colony, Tex.), Vol. 24, No. 7, Ed. 1 Wednesday, March 23, 2005
Weekly newspaper from The Colony, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
March 23, 2005
Creator:
Sorter, Dave
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Hanford Supplemental Treatment: Literature and Modeling Review of SRS HLW Salt Dissolution and Fractional Crystallization
In order to accelerate waste treatment and disposal of Hanford tank waste by 2028, the Department of Energy (DOE) and CH2M Hill Hanford Group (CHG), Inc. are evaluating alternative technologies which will be used in conjunction with the Waste Treatment Plant (WTP) to safely pretreat and immobilize the tank waste. Several technologies (Bulk Vitrification and Steam Reforming) are currently being evaluated for immobilizing the pretreated waste. Since the WTP does not have sufficient capacity to pretreat all the waste going to supplemental treatment by the 2028 milestone, two technologies (Selective Dissolution and Fractional Crystallization) are being considered for pretreatment of salt waste. The scope of this task was to: (1) evaluate the recent Savannah River Site (SRS) Tank 41 dissolution campaign and other literature to provide a more complete understanding of selective dissolution, (2) provide an update on the progress of salt dissolution and modeling activities at SRS, (3) investigate SRS experience and outside literature sources on industrial equipment and experimental results of previous fractional crystallization processes, and (4) evaluate recent Hanford AP104 boildown experiments and modeling results and recommend enhancements to the Environmental Simulation Program (ESP) to improve its predictive capabilities. This report provides a summary of this work …
Date:
March 23, 2005
Creator:
Choi, A. S.; Flach, G. P.; Martino, C. J.; Zamecnik, J. R.; Harris, M. K.; Wilmarth, W. R. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Novel Electrode Materials for Low-Temperature Solid-Oxide Fuel Cells
Composites electrodes consisting of silver and bismuth vanadates exhibit remarkable catalytic activity for oxygen reduction at 500-550 C and greatly reduce the cathode-electrolyte (doped ceria) resistances of low temperature SOFCs, down to about 0.53 {omega}cm{sup 2} at 500 C and 0.21 {omega}cm{sup 2} at 550 C. The observed power densities of 231, 332, and 443 mWcm-2 at 500, 525 and 550 C, respectively, make it possible to operate SOFCs at temperatures about 500 C. Fuel cell performance depends strongly on the anode microstructure, which is determined by the anode compositions and fabrication conditions. Four types of anodes with two kinds of NiO and GDC powders were investigated. By carefully adjusting the anode microstructure, the GDC electrolyte/anode interfacial polarization resistances reduced dramatically. The interfacial resistance at 600 C decreased from 1.61 {omega} cm{sup 2} for the anodes prepared using commercially available powders to 0.06 {omega} cm{sup 2} for those prepared using powders derived from a glycine-nitrate process. Although steam reforming or partial oxidation is effective in avoiding carbon deposition of hydrocarbon fuels, it increases the operating cost and reduces the energy efficiency. Anode-supported SOFCs with an electrolyte of 20 {micro}m-thick Gd-doped ceria (GDC) were fabricated by co-pressing. A catalyst (1 %wt …
Date:
March 23, 2005
Creator:
Zha, Shaowu & Liu, Meilin
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Surrogate Nuclear Reactions - An Indirect Method for Determining Reaction Cross Sections
An indirect method for determining cross sections of reactions proceeding through a compound nucleus is presented. Some applications of the Surrogate nuclear reaction approach are considered and challenges that need to be addressed are outlined.
Date:
March 23, 2005
Creator:
Escher, J; Ahle, L; Bernstein, L; Burke, J; Church, J A; Dietrich, F et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 106, No. 297, Ed. 1 Wednesday, March 23, 2005
Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
March 23, 2005
Creator:
Andrews, Mike
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Dry Transfer Facility #1 - Ventilation Confinement Zoning Analysis
The purpose of this analysis is to establish the preliminary Ventilation Confinement Zone (VCZ) for the Dry Transfer Facility (DTF). The results of this document is used to determine the air quantities for each VCZ that will eventually be reflected in the development of the Ventilation Flow Diagrams. The calculations contained in this document were developed by D and E/Mechanical-HVAC and are intended solely for the use of the D and E/Mechanical-HVAC department in its work regarding the HVAC system for the Dry Transfer Facility. Yucca Mountain Project personnel from the D and E/Mechanical-HVAC department should be consulted before use of the calculation for purposes other than those stated herein or used by individuals other than authorized personnel in D and E/Mechanical-HVAC department.
Date:
March 23, 2005
Creator:
Draper, K. D.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library