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Georgia-Pacific: Crossett Mill Identifies Heat Recovery Projects and Operational Improvements that May Save $9.6 Million Annually (open access)

Georgia-Pacific: Crossett Mill Identifies Heat Recovery Projects and Operational Improvements that May Save $9.6 Million Annually

An assessment team conducted a mill-wide energy survey at Georgia-Pacific's Crossett, Arkansas mill to update a previous pinch analysis. Three heat recovery projects were identified that could reduce annual costs by $4.8 million and reduce natural gas use by 1,845,000 x 106 Btu. The overall payback period for the heat recovery projects would be less than 1 year. Furthermore, by implementing operational improvements, the mill could save $4.8 million more annually and 1,500,000 x 106 Btu in natural gas.
Date: November 1, 2003
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library

[A girl enjoying meal at the Miller's]

Photograph of a girl posing with her meal at the Miller's cafe. A gaming arcade zone can be seen in the background with machines installed for enhancing the experience of the family. East Texas is known as the Gas Capital of the United States, and the home of the famous Texas Country Music Hall of Fame.
Date: November 2003
Creator: Mallory, Randy
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library
Global climate change and international security. (open access)

Global climate change and international security.

This report originates in a workshop held at Sandia National Laboratories, bringing together a variety of external experts with Sandia personnel to discuss 'The Implications of Global Climate Change for International Security.' Whatever the future of the current global warming trend, paleoclimatic history shows that climate change happens, sometimes abruptly. These changes can severely impact human water supplies, agriculture, migration patterns, infrastructure, financial flows, disease prevalence, and economic activity. Those impacts, in turn, can lead to national or international security problems stemming from aggravation of internal conflicts, increased poverty and inequality, exacerbation of existing international conflicts, diversion of national and international resources from international security programs (military or non-military), contribution to global economic decline or collapse, or international realignments based on climate change mitigation policies. After reviewing these potential problems, the report concludes with a brief listing of some research, technology, and policy measures that might mitigate them.
Date: November 1, 2003
Creator: Karas, Thomas H.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Growth of Laser Initiated Damage in Fused Silica at 527 nm (open access)

Growth of Laser Initiated Damage in Fused Silica at 527 nm

The effective lifetime of optics is limited by both laser-induced damage and the subsequent growth of laser initiated damage sites. We have measured the growth rate of laser-induced damage in fused silica in both air and vacuum at 527 nm. For damage on the exit surface, the data shows exponential growth in the lateral size of the damage site with shot number. The exponential growth coefficient depends linearly on the laser fluence. The behavior at the fluence threshold for growth is contrasted to that observed at 351 nm. The growth rate was not significantly affected by either the wavelength of the initiating fluence or the presence of 10 torr of air as compared to vacuum. When the damage is located on the input surface, it has both a higher threshold for growth and does not grow exponentially.
Date: November 1, 2003
Creator: Norton, M A; Donohue, E E; Hollingsworth, W G; McElroy, J N & Hackel, R P
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library

[A guy outside the Miller's cafe with his car]

Photograph of a man leaning on his car at the gas station, outside the Miller's in East Texas.East Texas is known as the Gas Capital of the United States, and the home of the famous Texas Country Music Hall of Fame.
Date: November 2003
Creator: Mallory, Randy
Object Type: Photograph
System: The UNT Digital Library
Hellcat News, (Fullerton, Calif.), Vol. 57, No. 3, Ed. 1, November 2003 (open access)

Hellcat News, (Fullerton, Calif.), Vol. 57, No. 3, Ed. 1, November 2003

Newsletter published by the 12th Armored Division Association, discussing news related to the activities of the U.S. Army unit and updates on previous members of the division.
Date: November 2003
Creator: Twelfth Armored Division Association (U.S.)
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Hereford District School Histories] (open access)

[Hereford District School Histories]

This paper gives a brief history of Hereford High School, Stanton Junior High, the Pre-K and Central Office Annex, and the Stanton Learning Center in Hereford, Texas.
Date: November 2003
Creator: Waters, Carolyn
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History
HIGH EFFICIENCY DESULFURIZATION OF SYNTHESIS GAS (open access)

HIGH EFFICIENCY DESULFURIZATION OF SYNTHESIS GAS

Mixed metal oxides containing CeO{sub 2} and ZrO{sub 2} are being studied as high temperature desulfurization sorbents capable of achieving the DOE Vision 21 target of 1 ppmv or less H{sub 2}S. The research is justified by recent results in this laboratory that showed that reduced CeO{sub 2}, designated CeOn (1.5 < n < 2.0), is capable of achieving the 1 ppmv target in highly reducing gas atmospheres. The addition of ZrO{sub 2} has improved the performance of oxidation catalysts and three-way automotive catalysts containing CeO{sub 2}, and should have similar beneficial effects on CeO{sub 2} desulfurization sorbents. An electrochemical method for synthesizing CeO{sub 2}-ZrO{sub 2} was developed and the products were characterized by XRD and TEM during year 01. Nanocrystalline particles having a diameter of about 5 nm and containing from approximately 10 mol% to 80 mol% ZrO{sub 2} were prepared. XRD analysis showed the product to be a solid solution at low ZrO{sub 2} contents with a separate ZrO{sub 2} phase emerging at higher ZrO{sub 2} levels. Unfortunately, the quantity of CeO{sub 2}-ZrO{sub 2} that could be prepared electrochemically was too small to permit full desulfurization testing. Also during year 01 a laboratory-scale fixed-bed reactor was constructed for …
Date: November 1, 2003
Creator: Yi, Kwang-Bok; Podlaha, Elizabeth J. & Harrison, Douglas P.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Highly specific electronic signal transduction mediated by DNA/metal self-assembly. (open access)

Highly specific electronic signal transduction mediated by DNA/metal self-assembly.

Highly specific interactions between DNA could potentially be amplified if the DNA interactions were utilized to assemble large scale parts. Fluidic assembly of microsystem parts has the potential for rapid and accurate placement of otherwise difficult to handle pieces. Ideally, each part would have a different chemical interaction that allowed it to interact with the substrate only in specific areas. One easy way to obtain a multiple chemical permutations is to use synthetic DNA oligomers. Si parts were prepared using silicon-on-insulator technology microfabrication techniques. Several surface chemistry protocols were developed to react commercial oligonucleotides to the parts. However, no obvious assembly was achieved. It was thought that small defects on the surface did not allow the microparts to be in close enough proximity for DNA hybridization, and this was. in part, confirmed by interferometry. To assist in the hybridization, plastic, pliable parts were manufactured and a new chemistry was developed. However, assembly was still absent even with the application of force. It is presently thought that one of three mechanisms is preventing the assembly. The surfaces of the two solid substrates can not get in close enough proximity, the surface chemistry lacks sufficient density to keep the parts from separating, …
Date: November 1, 2003
Creator: Dentinger, Paul M. & Pathak, Srikant
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Hood River Fish Habitat Project; Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation of Oregon, Annual Report 2001-2002. (open access)

Hood River Fish Habitat Project; Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation of Oregon, Annual Report 2001-2002.

This report summarizes the project implementation and monitoring of all habitat activities that occurred over Fiscal Year 2002 (FY 02). Some of the objectives in the corresponding statement of work for this contract were not completed within FY 02. A description of the progress during FY 02 and reasoning for deviation from the original tasks and timeline are given. OBJECTIVE 1--Provide coordination of all activities, administrative oversight and assist in project implementation and monitoring activities. Administration oversight and coordination of the habitat statement of work, budget, subcontracts and personnel was provided. OBJECTIVE 2--Develop, coordinate, and implement the Hood River Fish Habitat Protection, Restoration, and Monitoring Plan. The Hood River Fish Habitat Protection, Restoration, and Monitoring Plan was completed in 2000 (Coccoli et al., 2000). This document is utilized for many purposes including: drafting the Watershed Action Plan, ranking projects for funding, and prioritizing projects to target in the future. This document was updated and revised to reflect changes to fish habitat and needs in the Hood River basin based upon other documents and actions taken in the basin. OBJECTIVE 3--Assist Middle Fork Irrigation District in developing an alternative irrigation water source on Evans Creek (Hutson pond and Evans Creek diversion), …
Date: November 1, 2003
Creator: Vaivoda, Alexis
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Human factors evaluation of the Auxiliary Hot Cell Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico. (open access)

Human factors evaluation of the Auxiliary Hot Cell Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico.

The Auxiliary Hot Cell Facility (AHCF) at Sandia National Laboratories, New Mexico (SNL/NM) is a Hazard Category 3 nuclear facility used to characterize, treat, and repackage radioactive and mixed material for reuse, recycling, or ultimate disposal. Mixed waste may also be handled at the AHCF. A significant upgrade to a previous facility, the Temporary Hot Cell, was required to perform this mission. A checklist procedure was used to perform a human-factors evaluation of the AHCF modifications. This evaluation resulted in two recommendations, both of which have been implemented.
Date: November 1, 2003
Creator: Hunter, Regina Lee & Whitehurst, Hugh O.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Hybrid cryptography key management. (open access)

Hybrid cryptography key management.

Wireless communication networks are highly resource-constrained; thus many security protocols which work in other settings may not be efficient enough for use in wireless environments. This report considers a variety of cryptographic techniques which enable secure, authenticated communication when resources such as processor speed, battery power, memory, and bandwidth are tightly limited.
Date: November 1, 2003
Creator: Draelos, Timothy John; Torgerson, Mark Dolan; Neumann, William Douglas; Gallup, Donald R.; Collins, Michael Joseph & Beaver, Cheryl Lynn
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Hybrid Power System with a Controlled Energy Storage: Preprint (open access)

Hybrid Power System with a Controlled Energy Storage: Preprint

We investigated a small isolated hybrid power system that used two types of power generation; wind turbine and diesel generation. The interaction of diesel generation, the wind turbine, and the local load is complicated because both the load and the wind turbine fluctuate during the day. These fluctuations create imbalances in power distribution (energy sources are not equal to energy sinks) that can affect the frequency and the voltage in the power system. The addition of energy storage will help balance the distribution of power in the power network. For this paper, we studied the interaction among hybrid power system components and the relative size of the components. We also show how the contribution of wind energy affects the entire power system and distribution and the role of energy storage under the transient conditions caused by load changes and wind turbine start ups.
Date: November 1, 2003
Creator: Muljadi, E. & Bialasiewicz, J. T.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
HYDROCARBON AND SULFUR SENSORS FOR SOFC SYSTEMS (open access)

HYDROCARBON AND SULFUR SENSORS FOR SOFC SYSTEMS

The following report summarizes work conducted during the Phase I program Hydrocarbon and Sulfur Sensors for SOFC Systems under contract No. DE-FC26-02NT41576. For the SOFC application, sensors are required to monitor hydrocarbons and sulfur in order to increase the operation life of SOFC components. This report discusses the development of two such sensors, one based on thick film approach for sulfur monitoring and the second galvanic based for hydrocarbon monitoring.
Date: November 1, 2003
Creator: Azad, A. M.; Holt, Chris; Lesousky, Todd & Swartz, Scott
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
IEEE 1547 National Standard for Interconnecting Distributed Generation: How Could It Help My Facility? Preprint (open access)

IEEE 1547 National Standard for Interconnecting Distributed Generation: How Could It Help My Facility? Preprint

This article summarizes the purpose, development, and impact of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 1547 Standard for Interconnecting Distributed Resources With Electric Power Systems. Also included is a short explanation of supporting standards IEEE P1547.1, P1547.2, and P1547.3.
Date: November 1, 2003
Creator: Basso, T. & Friedman, N. R.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Implications of Nanoabsorber Initiators for Damage Probability Curves, Pulselength Scaling and Laser Conditioning (open access)

Implications of Nanoabsorber Initiators for Damage Probability Curves, Pulselength Scaling and Laser Conditioning

Laser damage of large optics initiates at material imperfections. Absorbers of very small, nanoscale size are possible initiators. We will analyze experimental implications of assuming that the damage is initiated by a size distribution of nanoabsorbers. We will demonstrate that the model predicts damage fluence pulselength scaling consistent with experiment. The size distribution of nanoabsorbers is related to the resulting damage site density and to the shape of the damage probability curve (S-curve). Conditioning of KDP crystals can be explained within the same model. The relative efficiency of various conditioning strategies is discussed.
Date: November 1, 2003
Creator: Feit, M D & Rubenchik, A M
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Improved Correction of IR Loss in Diffuse Shortwave Measurements: An ARM Value-Added Product (open access)

Improved Correction of IR Loss in Diffuse Shortwave Measurements: An ARM Value-Added Product

Simple single black detector pyranometers, such as the Eppley Precision Spectral Pyranometer (PSP) used by the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program, are known to lose energy via infrared (IR) emission to the sky. This is especially a problem when making clear-sky diffuse shortwave (SW) measurements, which are inherently of low magnitude and suffer the greatest IR loss. Dutton et al. (2001) proposed a technique using information from collocated pyrgeometers to help compensate for this IR loss. The technique uses an empirically derived relationship between the pyrgeometer detector data (and alternatively the detector data plus the difference between the pyrgeometer case and dome temperatures) and the nighttime pyranometer IR loss data. This relationship is then used to apply a correction to the diffuse SW data during daylight hours. We developed an ARM value-added product (VAP) called the SW DIFF CORR 1DUTT VAP to apply the Dutton et al. correction technique to ARM PSP diffuse SW measurements.
Date: November 1, 2003
Creator: Younkin, K & Long, CN
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Improving Compressed Air System Performance: A Sourcebook for Industry (open access)

Improving Compressed Air System Performance: A Sourcebook for Industry

NREL will produce this sourcebook for DOE's Industrial Technologies Office as part of a series of documents on industrial energy equipment. The sourcebook is a reference for industrial compressed air system users, outlining opportunities to improve system efficiency.
Date: November 1, 2003
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Book
System: The UNT Digital Library
["In Nou Waly" Dance Concert] captions transcript

["In Nou Waly" Dance Concert]

Video recording from The Black Academy of Arts and Letters recorded during their "In Nou Waly" Dance Concert event in 2003. This video features a dance performance by Djely Kunda West African Dance & Drumming Ensemble live on the Naomi Bruton Main Stage. The video cuts at 27:20.
Date: November 1, 2003
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Video
System: The UNT Digital Library
["In Nou Waly" Dance Concert] captions transcript

["In Nou Waly" Dance Concert]

Video recording from The Black Academy of Arts and Letters recorded during their "In Nou Waly" Dance Concert event in 2003. This video features a dance performance by Djely Kunda West African Dance & Drumming Ensemble live on the Naomi Bruton Main Stage.
Date: November 1, 2003
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Video
System: The UNT Digital Library
In-situ characterization of colloidal soft solution processes. (open access)

In-situ characterization of colloidal soft solution processes.

The purpose of this program was to investigate methods to characterize the colloidal stability of nanoparticles during the synthesis reaction, and to characterize their organization related to interparticle forces. Studies were attempted using Raman spectroscopy and ultrasonic attenuation to observe the nucleation and growth process with characterization of stability parameters such as the zeta potential. The application of the techniques available showed that the instrumentation requires high sensitivity to the concentration of the system. Optical routes can be complicated by the scattering effects of colloidal suspensions, but dilution can cause a lowering of signal that prevents collection of data. Acoustic methods require a significant particle concentration, preventing the observation of nucleation events. Studies on the dispersion of nanoparticles show that electrostatic routes are unsuccessful with molecular surfactants at high particle concentration due to electrostatic interaction collapse by counterions. The study of molecular surfactants show that steric lengths on the order of 2 nm are successful for dispersion of nanoparticle systems at high particle concentration, similar to dispersion with commercial polyelectrolyte surfactants.
Date: November 1, 2003
Creator: Tallant, David Robert; Rodriguez, Mark Andrew & Bell, Nelson Simmons
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Incorporating Monte Carlo Analysis into Techno-Economic Assessment of Corn Stover to Ethanol (open access)

Incorporating Monte Carlo Analysis into Techno-Economic Assessment of Corn Stover to Ethanol

Presentation at the 2003 AIChE Annual Meeting, 20 November 2003, San Francisco, California.
Date: November 1, 2003
Creator: Ruth, M. F. & Jechura, J. L.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
INEEL Biotechnology for Oilfield Application--Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery FY-03 Report (open access)

INEEL Biotechnology for Oilfield Application--Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery FY-03 Report

The Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) Biotechnology for Oilfield Operations program supports development, engineering, and application of biotechnology for exploration and production. This continuing INEEL program also supports mitigation of detrimental field conditions. The program is consistent with the United States Department of Energy mission to ¡§promote activities and policies through its oil technology and natural gas supply programs to enhance the efficiency and environmental quality of domestic oil and natural gas exploration, recovery, processing, transport, and storage.¡¨ In addition, the program directly supports the focus areas of Reservoir Life Extension; Advanced Drilling, Completion and Stimulation Systems; Effective Environmental Protection; and Cross Cutting Areas. The program is enhanced by collaborative relationships with industry and academia. For fiscal year 2003, the program focused on production and characterization of biological surfactants from agricultural residuals and the production and application of reactive microbial polymers. This report specifically details: 1. Use of a chemostat reactor operated in batch mode for producing surfactin, with concomitant use of an antifoam to prevent surfactant loss. The program achieved production and recovery of 0.6 g/L of surfactin per 12 hr. 2. Characterization of surfactin produced from agricultural residuals with respect to its ability to mediate changes …
Date: November 1, 2003
Creator: Bala, G. A.; Bruhn, D. F.; Fox, S. L.; Noah, K. S.; Schaller, K. D.; Robertson, E. P. et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Ion-driven fast ignition: Reducing heavy-ion fusion driver energy and cost, simplifying chamber design, target fab, tritium fueling, and power conversion (open access)

Ion-driven fast ignition: Reducing heavy-ion fusion driver energy and cost, simplifying chamber design, target fab, tritium fueling, and power conversion

Ion fast ignition, like laser fast ignition, can potentially reduce driver energy for high target gain by an order of magnitude, while reducing fuel capsule implosion velocity, convergence ratio, and required precisions in target fabrication and illumination symmetry, all of which should further improve and simplify IFE power plants. From fast-ignition target requirements, we determine requirements for ion beam acceleration, pulse-compression, and final focus for advanced accelerators that must be developed for much shorter pulses and higher voltage gradients than today's accelerators, to deliver the petawatt peak powers and small focal spots ({approx}100 {micro}m) required. Although such peak powers and small focal spots are available today with lasers, development of such advanced accelerators is motivated by the greater likely efficiency of deep ion penetration and deposition into pre-compressed 1000x liquid density DT cores. Ion ignitor beam parameters for acceleration, pulse compression, and final focus are estimated for two examples based on a Dielectric Wall Accelerator; (1) a small target with pr{approx}2 g/cm{sup 2} for a small demo/pilot plant producing {approx}40 MJ of fusion yield per target, and (2) a large target with {rho}r{approx}10 g/cm{sup 2} producing {approx}1 GJ yield for multi-unit electricity/hydrogen plants, allowing internal T-breeding with low T/D ratios, …
Date: November 1, 2003
Creator: Logan, G.; Callahan-Miller, D.; Perkins, J.; Caporaso, G.; Tabak, M.; Moir, R. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library