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$1.2 Million in Savings Identified in Akzo Nobel Assessment: Plant-Wide Assessment Summary--Chemicals (Fact Sheet) (open access)

$1.2 Million in Savings Identified in Akzo Nobel Assessment: Plant-Wide Assessment Summary--Chemicals (Fact Sheet)

Summary of Akzo Nobel's plant-wide assessment to identify energy and cost saving opportunities at the corporation's Surface Chemistry plant in Morris, Illinois.
Date: August 1, 2003
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
$1.2 Million in Savings Identified in Caraustar Assessment: Plant-Wide Assessment Summary--Forest Products (Fact Sheet) (open access)

$1.2 Million in Savings Identified in Caraustar Assessment: Plant-Wide Assessment Summary--Forest Products (Fact Sheet)

Summary of Caraustars plant-wide assessment to identify energy and cost saving opportunities at the corporations recycled paperboard mill in Rittman, Ohio.
Date: August 1, 2003
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
$1.6 Million in Savings Identified in Anchor Assessment: Plant-Wide Assessment Summary--Glass (Fact Sheet) (open access)

$1.6 Million in Savings Identified in Anchor Assessment: Plant-Wide Assessment Summary--Glass (Fact Sheet)

Summary of Anchor Glass' plant-wide assessment to identify energy and cost saving opportunities at the corporation's facilities in Warner Robins, GA and Jacksonville, FL.
Date: August 1, 2003
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
$1.6 Million in Savings Identified in Augusta Newsprint Assessment: Plant-Wide Assessment Summary--Forest Products (Fact Sheet) (open access)

$1.6 Million in Savings Identified in Augusta Newsprint Assessment: Plant-Wide Assessment Summary--Forest Products (Fact Sheet)

Augusta Newsprint and its partners conducted a systematic plant-wide assessment (PWA) to identify energy- and cost-saving opportunities at the company's plant in Augusta, Georgia. The assessment team identified$1.6 million in potential annual savings.
Date: August 1, 2003
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
$2.9 Million in Savings Identified in Georgia-Pacific Assessment: Plant-Wide Assessment Study--Forest Products (Fact Sheet) (open access)

$2.9 Million in Savings Identified in Georgia-Pacific Assessment: Plant-Wide Assessment Study--Forest Products (Fact Sheet)

Summary of Georgia-Pacific Corporation's plant-wide assessment to identify energy and cost saving opportunities at the corporation's paper mill in Palatka, Florida.
Date: August 1, 2003
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
$3.5 Million in Savings Identified in Appleton Assessment: Plant-Wide Assessment Summary--Forest Products (Fact Sheet) (open access)

$3.5 Million in Savings Identified in Appleton Assessment: Plant-Wide Assessment Summary--Forest Products (Fact Sheet)

Summary of Appleton Paper, Inc.'s plant-wide assessment to identify energy and cost saving opportunities at the corporation's paper mill in West Carrollton, Ohio.
Date: August 1, 2003
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
$4.1 Million in Savings Identified in Paramount Petroleum Assessment: Plant-Wide Assessment Summary--Petroleum (Fact Sheet) (open access)

$4.1 Million in Savings Identified in Paramount Petroleum Assessment: Plant-Wide Assessment Summary--Petroleum (Fact Sheet)

The Paramount Petroleum Corporation (PPC) and its partners conducted a systematic plant-wide assessment (PWA) to identify energy- and cost-saving opportunities at the company's plant in Paramount, California. The assessment team identified$4.1 million in potential annual savings.
Date: August 1, 2003
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
$9.5 Million in Savings Identified Through Inland Assessment: Plant-Wide Assessment Summary--Forest Products (Fact Sheet) (open access)

$9.5 Million in Savings Identified Through Inland Assessment: Plant-Wide Assessment Summary--Forest Products (Fact Sheet)

Summary of Inland Box Corporation's plant-wide assessment to identify energy and cost saving opportunities at the corporation's linerboard mill in Rome, Georgia.
Date: August 1, 2003
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
10 kW SOFC POWER SYSTEM COMMERCIALIZATION (open access)

10 kW SOFC POWER SYSTEM COMMERCIALIZATION

The program is organized into three developmental periods. In Phase 1 the team will develop and demonstrate a proof-of-concept prototype design and develop a manufacturing plan to substantiate potential producibility at a target cost level of $800/kW factory manufacturing cost. Phase 2 will further develop the design and reduce the manufacturing cost to a level of $600 kW. Depending on an assessment of the maturity of the technology at the end of Phase 1, Phase 2 may be structured and supplemented to provide a limited production capability. Finally, in Phase 3, a full Value Package Introduction (VPI) Program will be integrated into the SECA program to develop a mass-producible design at a factory cost of $400/kW with full cross-functional support for unrestricted commercial sales. The path to market for new technology products in the Cummins system involves two processes. The first is called Product Preceding Technology, or PPT. The PPT process provides a methodology for exploring potentially attractive technologies and developing them to the point that they can be reliably scheduled into a new product development program with a manageable risk to the product introduction schedule or product quality. Once a technology has passed the PPT gate, it is available …
Date: August 1, 2003
Creator: Norrick, Dan; Palmer, Brad; Romine, Todd; Vesely, Charles; Barringer, Eric; DeBellis, Cris et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
20-100 keV K(alpha) X-Ray Source Generation by Short Pulse High Intensity Lasers (open access)

20-100 keV K(alpha) X-Ray Source Generation by Short Pulse High Intensity Lasers

We are studying the feasibility of utilizing K{alpha} x-ray sources in the range of 20 to 100 keV as a backlighters for imaging various stages of implosions and high areal density planar samples driven by the NIF laser facility. The hard x-ray K{alpha} sources are created by relativistic electron plasma interactions in the target material after a radiation by short pulse high intensity lasers. In order to understand K{alpha} source characteristics such as production efficiency and brightness as a function of laser parameters, we have performed experiments using the 10 J, 100 fs JanUSP laser. We utilized single-photon counting spectroscopy and x-ray imaging diagnostics to characterize the K{alpha} source. We find that the K{alpha} conversion efficiency from the laser energy is {approx} 3 x 10{sup -4}.
Date: August 22, 2003
Creator: Park, H. S.; Koch, J. A.; Landen, O. L.; Phillips, T. W. & Goldsack, T.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
$52 Million in Savings Identified in Equilon Assessment: Plant-Wide Assessment Summary--Petroleum (Fact Sheet) (open access)

$52 Million in Savings Identified in Equilon Assessment: Plant-Wide Assessment Summary--Petroleum (Fact Sheet)

Summary of Equilon's plant-wide assessment to identify energy and cost saving opportunities at the corporation's refinery in Martinez, California.
Date: August 1, 2003
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
13th Workshop on Crystalline Silicon Solar Cell Materials and Processes: Extended Abstracts and Papers (open access)

13th Workshop on Crystalline Silicon Solar Cell Materials and Processes: Extended Abstracts and Papers

The 13th Workshop will provide a forum for an informal exchange of technical and scientific information between international researchers in the photovoltaic and relevant non-photovoltaic fields. It will offer an excellent opportunity for researchers in private industry and at universities to prioritize mutual needs for future collaborative research. The workshop is intended to address the fundamental aspects of impurities and defects in silicon: their properties, the dynamics during device processing, and their application for developing low-cost processes for manufacturing high-efficiency silicon solar cells. A combination of oral, poster, and discussion sessions will review recent advances in crystal growth, new cell structures, new processes and process characterization techniques, and cell fabrication approaches suitable for future manufacturing demands.
Date: August 1, 2003
Creator: Sopori, B. L.; Rand, J.; Saitoh, T.; Sinton, R.; Stavola, M.; Swanson, D. et al.
Object Type: Book
System: The UNT Digital Library
15th Street News (Midwest City, Okla.), Vol. 33, No. 1, Ed. 1 Friday, August 29, 2003 (open access)

15th Street News (Midwest City, Okla.), Vol. 33, No. 1, Ed. 1 Friday, August 29, 2003

Newspaper from Rose State College in Midwest City, Oklahoma that includes national, local, and campus news along with advertising.
Date: August 29, 2003
Creator: Hadley, Meghann
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The 2001 Economic Recession: How Long, How Deep, and How Different From the Past? (open access)

The 2001 Economic Recession: How Long, How Deep, and How Different From the Past?

From Summary: "This report examines the 2001 recession and the recessions of the previous three decades in detail. It gives a brief overview of the other post-war recessions. It outlines the fiscal and monetary policy response to each recession."
Date: August 25, 2003
Creator: Labonte, Marc & Makinen, Gail
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
2002 Hyperspectral Analysis of Hazardous Waste Sites on the Savannah River Site (open access)

2002 Hyperspectral Analysis of Hazardous Waste Sites on the Savannah River Site

Hazardous waste site inspection is a labor intensive, time consuming job, performed primarily on the ground using visual inspection and instrumentation. It is an expensive process to continually monitor hazardous waste and/or landfill sites to determine if they are maintaining their integrity. In certain instances, it may be possible to monitor aspects of the hazardous waste sites and landfills remotely. The utilization of multispectral data was suggested for the mapping of clays and iron oxides associated with contaminated groundwater, vegetation stress, and methane gas emissions (which require longer wavelength detectors). The Savannah River Site (SRS) near Aiken, S.C. is a United States Department of Energy facility operated by the Westinghouse Savannah River Company. For decades the SRS was responsible for developing weapons grade plutonium and other materials for the nation's nuclear defense. Hazardous waste was generated during this process. Waste storage site inspection is a particularly important issue at the SRS because there are over 100 hazardous waste sites scattered throughout the 300 mile complex making it difficult to continually monitor all of the facilities. The goal is to use remote sensing technology to identify surface anomalies on the hazardous waste sites as early as possible so that remedial work …
Date: August 28, 2003
Creator: Gladden, J. B.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
2003 Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory Shallow Injection Well Verification and Status Report (open access)

2003 Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory Shallow Injection Well Verification and Status Report

A detailed verification of the shallow injection well inventory for Bechtel BWXT Idaho, LLC and Argonne National Laboratory-West-operated facilities was performed in 2003. Fourteen wells, or 20%, were randomly selected for the verification. This report provides updated information on the 14 shallow injection wells that were randomly selected for the 2003 verification. Where applicable, additional information is provided for shallow injection wells that were not selected for the 2003 verification. This updated information was incorporated into the 2003 Shallow Injection Wells Inventory. Sixty-eight wells were removed from the 2003 Shallow Injection Well Inventory.
Date: August 1, 2003
Creator: Lewis, Mike
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
2003 Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory Shallow Injection Well Verification and Status Report (open access)

2003 Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory Shallow Injection Well Verification and Status Report

A detailed verification of the shallow injection well inventory for Bechtel BWXT Idaho, LLC and Argonne National Laboratory-West-operated facilities was performed in 2003. Fourteen wells, or 20%, were randomly selected for the verification. This report provides updated information on the 14 shallow injection wells that were randomly selected for the 2003 verification. Where applicable, additional information is provided for shallow injection wells that were not selected for the 2003 verification. This updated information was incorporated into the 2003 Shallow Injection Wells Inventory, Sixty-eight wells were removed from the 2003 Shallow Injection Well Inventory.
Date: August 21, 2003
Creator: Lewis, M.G.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
2003 research briefs : Materials and Process Sciences Center. (open access)

2003 research briefs : Materials and Process Sciences Center.

This report is the latest in a continuing series that highlights the recent technical accomplishments associated with the work being performed within the Materials and Process Sciences Center. Our research and development activities primarily address the materials-engineering needs of Sandia's Nuclear-Weapons (NW) program. In addition, we have significant efforts that support programs managed by the other laboratory business units. Our wide range of activities occurs within six thematic areas: Materials Aging and Reliability, Scientifically Engineered Materials, Materials Processing, Materials Characterization, Materials for Microsystems and Materials Modeling and Computational Simulation. We believe these highlights collectively demonstrate the importance that a strong materials-science base has on the ultimate success of the NW program and the overall DOE technology portfolio.
Date: August 1, 2003
Creator: Cieslak, Michael J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
2003 RIA R and D Workshop. (open access)

2003 RIA R and D Workshop.

The 2003 RIA R&D Workshop was held on August 26-28, 2003 at the Four Points Sheraton Hotel in Bethesda, Maryland. This Workshop was chaired by Satoshi Ozaki of BNL and sponsored by the Nuclear Physics Division of DOE, with the help of Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE). The purpose of this workshop was to understand the present status of R&D efforts for RIA, to evaluate the needs for further R&D, and to identify opportunities for international collaborations. The workshop examined and documented the current pre-conceptual design for RIA, identifying areas where decisions on technical options remain. The status of the current RIA R&D program was documented, recognizing areas where efforts were needed in light of what had been learned. The ongoing and planned R&D activities for operating and planned rare-isotope facilities were presented, enabling the workshop to be a venue to develop coordinated R&D efforts of mutual benefit to U.S. and international efforts. The scientific program for the first day (August 26, 2003) consisted mostly of invited talks presented by major research groups involved in RIA and other RI beam facilities. The talks included those covering: Science of RIA and the RIA Facility Performance Requirements; The Reference …
Date: August 26, 2003
Creator: Ozaki, S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
9th Diesel Engine Emissions Reduction (DEER) Workshop 2003 (open access)

9th Diesel Engine Emissions Reduction (DEER) Workshop 2003

The PowerTrap{trademark} is a non-exhaust temperature dependent system that cannot become blocked and features a controlled regeneration process independent of the vehicle's drive cycle. The system has a low direct-current power source requirement available in both 12-volt and 24-volt configurations. The system is fully programmable, fully automated and includes Euro IV requirements of operation verification. The system has gained European component-type approval and has been tested with both on- road and off-road diesel fuel up to 2000 parts per million. The device is fail-safe: in the event of a device malfunction, it cannot affect the engine's performance. Accumulated mileage testing is in excess of 640,000 miles to date. Vehicles include London-type taxicabs (Euro 1 and 2), emergency service fire engines (Euro 1, 2, and 3), inner city buses, and light-duty locomotives. Independent test results by Shell Global Solutions have consistently demonstrated 85-99 percent reduction of ultrafines across the 7-35 nanometer size range using a scanning mobility particle sizer with both ultra-low sulfur diesel and off-road high-sulfur fuel.
Date: August 24, 2003
Creator: Kukla, Peter; Wright, James; Harris, Georgina; Ball, Andrew & Gu, Fengshou
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Accounting for fuel price risk: Using forward natural gas prices instead of gas price forecasts to compare renewable to natural gas-fired generation (open access)

Accounting for fuel price risk: Using forward natural gas prices instead of gas price forecasts to compare renewable to natural gas-fired generation

Against the backdrop of increasingly volatile natural gas prices, renewable energy resources, which by their nature are immune to natural gas fuel price risk, provide a real economic benefit. Unlike many contracts for natural gas-fired generation, renewable generation is typically sold under fixed-price contracts. Assuming that electricity consumers value long-term price stability, a utility or other retail electricity supplier that is looking to expand its resource portfolio (or a policymaker interested in evaluating different resource options) should therefore compare the cost of fixed-price renewable generation to the hedged or guaranteed cost of new natural gas-fired generation, rather than to projected costs based on uncertain gas price forecasts. To do otherwise would be to compare apples to oranges: by their nature, renewable resources carry no natural gas fuel price risk, and if the market values that attribute, then the most appropriate comparison is to the hedged cost of natural gas-fired generation. Nonetheless, utilities and others often compare the costs of renewable to gas-fired generation using as their fuel price input long-term gas price forecasts that are inherently uncertain, rather than long-term natural gas forward prices that can actually be locked in. This practice raises the critical question of how these two …
Date: August 13, 2003
Creator: Bolinger, Mark; Wiser, Ryan & Golove, William
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Accuracy Limitations in Long Trace Profilometry (open access)

Accuracy Limitations in Long Trace Profilometry

As requirements for surface slope error quality of grazing incidence optics approach the 100 nanoradian level, it is necessary to improve the performance of the measuring instruments to achieve accurate and repeatable results at this level. We have identified a number of internal error sources in the Long Trace Profiler (LTP) that affect measurement quality at this level. The LTP is sensitive to phase shifts produced within the millimeter diameter of the pencil beam probe by optical path irregularities with scale lengths of a fraction of a millimeter. We examine the effects of mirror surface ''macroroughness'' and internal glass homogeneity on the accuracy of the LTP through experiment and theoretical modeling. We will place limits on the allowable surface ''macroroughness'' and glass homogeneity required to achieve accurate measurements in the nanoradian range.
Date: August 25, 2003
Creator: Takacs, P. Z. & Qian, S.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Acoustic telemetry. (open access)

Acoustic telemetry.

Broadcasting messages through the earth is a daunting task. Indeed, broadcasting a normal telephone conversion through the earth by wireless means is impossible with todays technology. Most of us don't care, but some do. Industries that drill into the earth need wireless communication to broadcast navigation parameters. This allows them to steer their drill bits. They also need information about the natural formation that they are drilling. Measurements of parameters such as pressure, temperature, and gamma radiation levels can tell them if they have found a valuable resource such as a geothermal reservoir or a stratum bearing natural gas. Wireless communication methods are available to the drilling industry. Information is broadcast via either pressure waves in the drilling fluid or electromagnetic waves in the earth and well tubing. Data transmission can only travel one way at rates around a few baud. Given that normal Internet telephone modems operate near 20,000 baud, these data rates are truly very slow. Moreover, communication is often interrupted or permanently blocked by drilling conditions or natural formation properties. Here we describe a tool that communicates with stress waves traveling through the steel drill pipe and production tubing in the well. It's based on an old …
Date: August 1, 2003
Creator: Drumheller, Douglas Schaeffer & Kuszmaul, Scott S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Addition of Noncondensable Gases into RELAP5-3D for Analysis of High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactors (open access)

The Addition of Noncondensable Gases into RELAP5-3D for Analysis of High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactors

Oxygen, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide have been added to the RELAP5-3D computer code as noncondensable gases to support analysis of high temperature gas-cooled reactors. Models of these gases are required to simulate the effects of air ingress on graphite oxidation following a loss-of-coolant accident. Correlations were developed for specific internal energy, thermal conductivity, and viscosity for each gas at temperatures up to 3000 K. The existing model for internal energy (a quadratic function of temperature) was not sufficiently accurate at these high temperatures and was replaced by a more general, fourth-order polynomial. The maximum deviation between the correlations and the underlying data was 2.2% for the specific internal energy and 7% for the specific heat capacity at constant volume. The maximum deviation in the transport properties was 4% for oxygen and carbon monoxide and 12% for carbon dioxide.
Date: August 1, 2003
Creator: Davis, C. B. & Oh, C. H.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library