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OIT Best Practices
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ARM Facilities Newsletter
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Science & Technology Review
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Fiscal Year 2000
5
Advanced Stripper Gas Produced Water Remediation, Quarterly Technical Report
4
Clean Cities alternative fuel information series
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Establishment of an Industry-Driven Consortium Focused on Improving the Production Performance of Domestic Stripper Wells Quarterly Report
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Alternative Fuels and Vehicles Information Resources (Brochure)
A brochure listing and describing Web sites and telephone numbers of resources for people interested in alternative fuels and related vehicles. Most are sponsored by DOE.
Date:
November 1, 2002
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Text
System:
The UNT Digital Library
''The Incubation Period for Void Swelling and its Dependence on Temperature, Dose Rate, and Dislocation Structure Evolution''
Void swelling in structural materials used for nuclear reactors is characterized by an incubation period whose duration largely determines the usefulness of the material for core components. Significant evolution of the dislocation and void microstructures that control radiation-induced swelling can occur during this period. Thus, a theory of incubation must treat time-dependent void nucleation in combination with dislocation evolution, in which the sink strengths of voids and dislocations change in concert. We present theoretical results for void nucleation and growth including the time-dependent, self-consistent coupling of point defect concentrations to the evolution of both void populations and dislocation density. Simulations show that the incubation radiation dose is a strong function of the starting dislocation density and of the dislocation bias factors for vacancy and interstitial absorption. Irradiation dose rate and temperature also affect the duration of incubation. The results are in general agreement with experiment for high purity metals.
Date:
June 13, 2002
Creator:
Surh, M. P.; Sturgeon, J. B. & Wolfer, W. G.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Failure Modeling of Titanium-6Al-4V and 2024-T3 Aluminum with the Johnson-Cook Material Model
A validated Johnson-Cook model could be employed to perform simulations that conform to FAA standards for evaluating aircraft and engine designs for airworthiness and containment considerations. A previous LLNL report [1] described the motivation for using the Johnson-Cook material model in simulations involving engine containment and the effect of uncontained engine debris on aircraft structures. In that report, experimental studies of the deformation and failure behavior of Ti-6Al-4V and 2024-T3 aluminum at high strain rates and large strains were conducted. The report also describes the generation of material constants for the Johnson-Cook strength model. This report describes the determination and validation of parameters for Ti-6Al-4V and 2024-T3 aluminum that can be used in the failure portion of the Johnson-Cook material.
Date:
September 16, 2002
Creator:
Kay, G.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Use of Electromyogram (EMG) Telemetry to Assess Swimming Activity and Energy Use of Adult Spring Chinook Salmon Migrating through the Tailraces, Fishways, and Forebays of Bonneville Dam, 2000 and 2001
In 2000, PNNL conducted a two-year study for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to investigate energy use and swimming performance of adult spring chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawystcha) migrating upstream through a large hydropower dam on the Columbia River. The investigation involved one year of laboratory study and one year of field study at Bonneville Dam. The objectives of the laboratory study were to 1) measure active rates of oxygen consumption of adult spring chinook salmon at three water temperatures over a range of swimming speeds; 2) estimate the upper critical swimming speed (Ucrit) of adult spring chinook salmon; and 3) monitor electromyograms (EMGs) of red and white muscle in the salmon over a range of swimming speeds. Laboratory results showed rate of oxygen consumption and red and white muscle activity in adult spring chinook salmon were strongly correlated with swimming speed over a range of fish sizes and at three different temperatures. In the field studies at Bonneville Dam, EMG radiotelemetry was used to examine the amount of energy spring chinook salmon expend while migrating upstream past the dam?s tailraces, fishways, and forebays. Aerobic and anaerobic energy use rates were determined. Energy use was estimated for different specific sections …
Date:
October 16, 2002
Creator:
Brown, Richard S.; Geist, David R. & Mesa, Matthew G.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Review of Excess Weapons Plutonium Disposition LLNL Contract Work in Russia-(English)
This third meeting of the recently completed and ongoing Russian plutonium immobilization contract work was held at the State Education Center (SEC) in St. Petersburg on January 14-18, 2002. The meeting agenda is reprinted here as Appendix A and the attendance list as Appendix B. The meeting had 58 Russian participants from 21 Russian organizations, including the industrial sites (Mayak, Krasonayarsk-26, Tomsk), scientific institutes (VNIINM, KRI, VNIPIPT, RIAR), design organizations (VNIPIET and GSPI), universities (Nyzhny Novgorod, Urals Technical), Russian Academy of Sciences (Institute of Physical Chemistry or IPhCh, Institute of Ore-Deposit Geology, Petrography, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry or IGEM), Radon-Moscow, S&TC Podol'osk, Kharkov-Ukraine, GAN-SEC-NRS and SNIIChM, the RF Ministry of Atomic Energy (Minatom) and Gosatomnadzor (GAN). This volume, published by LLNL, documents this third annual meeting. Forty-nine technical papers were presented by the Russian participants, and nearly all of these have been collected in this Proceedings. The two objectives for the meeting were to: (1) Bring together the Russian organizations, experts, and managers performing this contract work into one place for four days to review and discuss their work amongst each other. (2) Publish a meeting summary and proceedings of all the excellent Russian plutonium immobilization and other plutonium disposition contract …
Date:
July 11, 2002
Creator:
Jardine, L & Borisov, G B
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Engineering Study for Materials Open Test Assembly (MOTA)/Shielded Materials Facility (SMF) Waste Removal
This engineering study identifies the options for removal of radioactive waste from the Shielded Materials Facility (SMF) located within the 324 Building, 300 area, of the Hanford Site.
Date:
December 1, 2002
Creator:
Bailey, Sharon A.; Alzheimer, James M.; Baker, Carl P.; Catalan, Michael A. & Valdez, Patrick L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Groundwater Monitoring Plan for the 216-B-63 Trench on the Hanford Site
This document presents a groundwater monitoring plan for the 216-B-63 trench in the 200 East Area of the Hanford Site. The monitoring will be conducted in accordance with regulatory requirements specified in the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) of 1976. The objective of the monitoring is to determine whether any hazardous constituents are detectable in the groundwater beneath the trench. This monitoring plan will serve as the basis for demonstrating monitoring compliance at the B-63 trench under the RCRA.
Date:
November 14, 2002
Creator:
Sweeney, Mark D.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
THE RELATIVISTIC STERN GERLACH INTERACTION AS A TOOL FOR ATTAINING THE SPIN SEPARATION.
The relativistic Stem-Gerlach interaction is here considered as a tool for obtaining the spin state separation of an unpolarized (anti)proton beam circulating in a ring. Drawbacks, such as spin precessions within the TE rf cavity, spurious kicks due to the transverse electric field and, worst of all, filamentation in the longitudinal phase plane are analyzed. Possible remedies are proposed and their feasibility is discussed.
Date:
September 9, 2002
Creator:
CAMERON,P. CONTE,M. LUCCIO,A. U. MACKAY,W. W. PALAZZI,M. PUSTERLA,M.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
April 2002 Working Group Meeting on Heavy Vehicle Aerodynamic Drag: Presentations and Summary of Comments and Conclusions
A Working Group Meeting on Heavy Vehicle Aerodynamic Drag was held at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory on April 3 and 4, 2002. The purpose of the meeting was to present and discuss technical details on the experimental and computational work in progress and future project plans. Representatives from the Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Transportation Technology Office of Heavy Vehicle Technology (OHVT), Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), NASA Ames Research Center, University of Southern California (USC), and California Institute of Technology (Caltech), Georgia Tech Research Institute (GTRI), and Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Volvo Trucks, and Freightliner Trucks presented and participated in discussions. This report contains the technical presentations (viewgraphs) delivered at the Meeting, briefly summarizes the comments and conclusions, and outlines the future action items.
Date:
August 22, 2002
Creator:
Salari, K.; Dunn, T.; Ortega, J.; Yen-Nakafuji, D.; Browand, F.; Arcas, D. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Stretchable Micro-Electrode Array
This paper focuses on the design consideration, fabrication processes and preliminary testing of the stretchable micro-electrode array. We are developing an implantable, stretchable micro-electrode array using polymer-based microfabrication techniques. The device will serve as the interface between an electronic imaging system and the human eye, directly stimulating retinal neurons via thin film conducting traces and electroplated electrodes. The metal features are embedded within a thin ({approx}50 micron) substrate fabricated using poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), a biocompatible elastomeric material that has very low water permeability. The conformable nature of PDMS is critical for ensuring uniform contact with the curved surface of the retina. To fabricate the device, we developed unique processes for metalizing PDMS to produce robust traces capable of maintaining conductivity when stretched (5%, SD 1.5), and for selectively passivating the conductive elements. An in situ measurement of residual strain in the PDMS during curing reveals a tensile strain of 10%, explaining the stretchable nature of the thin metalized devices.
Date:
March 8, 2002
Creator:
Maghribi, M.; Hamilton, J.; Polla, D.; Rose, K.; Wilson, T. & Krulevitch, P.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
What is the 'Color' of Atomic Nuclei?
Preliminary results already show that we collected enough statistics in this experiment to yield a meaningful spectral distribution of two-step {gamma}-ray transitions. Analysis of the data continues. We hope to soon be able to fill Fig. 5 with data points, favoring either the hypothesis of an electric pygmy resonance (red line) or orbital magnetic scissors mode (blue line).
Date:
March 18, 2002
Creator:
Schiller, A.; Becker, J. A.; Bernstein, L. A.; Garrett, P. E.; Hill, T. S.; McNabb, D. P. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Shock Propagation and Instability Structures in Compressed Silica Aerogels
We have performed a series of experiments examining shock propagation in low density aerogels. High-pressure ({approx}100 kbar) shock waves are produced by detonating high explosives. Radiography is used to obtain a time sequence imaging of the shocks as they enter and traverse the aerogel. We compress the aerogel by impinging shocks waves on either one or both sides of an aerogel slab. The shock wave initially transmitted to the aerogel is very narrow and flat, but disperses and curves as it propagates. Optical images of the shock front reveal the initial formation of a hot dense region that cools and evolves into a well-defined microstructure. Structures observed in the shock front are examined in the framework of hydrodynamic instabilities generated as the shock traverses the low-density aerogel. The primary features of shock propagation are compared to simulations, which also include modeling the detonation of the high explosive, with a 2-D Arbitrary Lagrange Eulerian hydrodynamics code The code includes a detailed thermochemical equation of state and rate law kinetics. We will present an analysis of the data from the time resolved imaging diagnostics and form a consistent picture of the shock transmission, propagation and instability structure.
Date:
May 30, 2002
Creator:
Howard, W. M.; Molitoris, J. D.; DeHaven, M. R.; Gash, A. E. & Satcher, J. H.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Investigation of White Light Emission Observed During Damage in the Bulk of DKDP Crystals
We have investigated the flash of light that accompanies laser damage using time-resolved spectroscopy. Damage events were initiated in the bulk of DKDP and fused silica with 355-nm, 3-ns pulsed radiation. Spectra from the accompanying flash were recorded in the 200-500 nm wavelength range with 10-ns temporal resolution. Ten ns following damage initiation, the spectra were found to be roughly blackbody with temperatures on the order of 5000-7000 K. The observed temperatures and cooling rates can be related to the size and electron density of the plasma ''fireball'' that initiates the damage event.
Date:
July 18, 2002
Creator:
Carr, C W; Radousky, H B; Staggs, M; Rubenchik, A; Feit, M & Demos, S G
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Universal Behavior of Charged Particle Production in Heavy Ion Collisions at RHIC Energies.
The PHOBOS experiment at RHIC has measured the multiplicity of primary charged particles as a function of centrality and pseudorapidity in Au+Au collisions at {radical}(s{sub NN}) = 19.6, 130 and 200 GeV. Two kinds of universal behavior are observed in charged particle production in heavy ion collisions. The first is that forward particle production, over a range of energies, follows a universal limiting curve with a non-trivial centrality dependence. The second arises from comparisons with pp/{bar p}p and e{sup +}e{sup -} data. <N{sub ch}>/<N{sub part}/2> in nuclear collisions at high energy scales with {radical}s in a similar way as N{sub ch} in e{sup +}e{sup -} collisions and has a very weak centrality dependence. This feature may be related to a reduction in the leading particle effect due to the multiple collisions suffered per participant in heavy ion collisions.
Date:
July 18, 2002
Creator:
Steinberg, P. A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Pressure Loads by Gas in an Enclosed Chamber in DYNA3D
New algorithms that efficiently calculate the volume of a closed chamber are presented in this paper. The current pressure in the enclosed chamber can then be computed, based on the user-specified gas law, from the updated volume and the initial volume and pressure of the chamber. This pressure load function is very useful in modeling common features, such as air pocket, airbag, piston, and gun barrel, in structural analyses.
Date:
August 8, 2002
Creator:
Lin, J & Badders, D C
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Optical Design and Analysis of Textured a-Si Solar Cells: Preprint
The effect of texture on enhancement and losses in photocurrent in a-Si solar cells is explored using PVOPTICS software and measurements on a-Si device structures. The texture angle has a major impact on light trapping and internal reflection. Increasing the angle causes better internal trapping in the i-layer, but also higher SnO2/a-Si reflection losses, as well as SnO2 and metal absorption losses. Parasitic absorption in the textured SnO2 due to back reflected light is 1-2 mA/cm2 for typical designs. N-i-p cells have a fundamental advantage over p-i-n cells since the textured TCO is at the rear of the device leading to lower losses.
Date:
May 1, 2002
Creator:
Hegedus, S.; Paulson, P. D. & Sopori, B.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
OPPIS UPGRADE FOR 2003 POLARIZED RUN IN RHIC.
The polarization dilution by molecular ions which are produced in the ECR primary proton source is discussed. The molecular component can be reduced to about 5% by ECR source-operation optimization. It is further suppressed by optimization of the extraction electrode optics and by the decelerating einzel lens in the 35 keV LEBT line. As a result, the proton polarization of the accelerated beam was increased to over 80%. as measured in the 200 MeV proton-deuterium polarimeter. The OPPIS upgrade for 6 2/3 Hz repetition rate operation is also discussed.
Date:
November 6, 2002
Creator:
ZELENSKI,A. ALESSI,J. BRISCOE,B. KPONOU,A. KOKHANOVSKI,S. KLENOV,V. LODESTRO,V. RITTER,J. ZUBETS,V.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
MEASUREMENT OF LINEAR COUPLING RESONANCE IN RHIC.
Linear coupling is one of the factors that determine beam lifetime in RHIC. The traditional method of measuring the minimum tune separation requires a tune scan and can't be done parasitically or during the acceleration ramp. A new technique of using ac dipoles to measure linear coupling resonance has been developed at RHIC. This method measures the degree of coupling by comparing the amplitude of the horizontal coherent excitation with the amplitude of the vertical coherent excitation if the beam is excited by the vertical AC dipole and vice versa. One advantage of this method is that it can be done without changing tunes from the normal machine working points. In principle, this method can also localize the coupling source by mapping out the coupling driving terms throughout the ring. This is very useful for local decoupling the interaction regions in RHIC. A beam experiment of measuring linear coupling has been performed in RHIC during its 2003 run, and the analysis of the experimental data is discussed in this paper.
Date:
May 12, 2002
Creator:
BAI,M. PILAT,F. SATOGATA,T. TOMAS,R.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
A Laboratory Approach Relating Complex Resistivity Observations to Flow and Transport in Saturated and Unsaturated Hydrologic Regimes
Subsurface imaging technology, such as electric resistance tomography (ERT), is rapidly improving as a means for characterizing some soil properties of the near-surface hydrologic regime. While this information can be potentially useful in developing hydrologic models of the subsurface that are required for contaminant transport investigations, an image alone of the subsurface soil regime gives little or no information about how the site will respond to groundwater flow or contaminant transport. In fact, there is some question that tomographic imaging of soils alone can even provide meaningful values of hydraulic properties, such as the permeability structure, which is critical to estimates of contaminant transport at a site. The main objective of this feasibility study was to initiate research on electrical imaging not just as a way to characterize the soil structure by mapping different soil types at a site but as a means of obtaining quantitative information about how a site will respond hydrologically to an infiltration event. To this end, a scaled system of electrode arrays was constructed that simulates the subsurface electrode distribution used at the LLNL Vadose Zone Observatory (VZO) where subsurface imaging of infiltration events has been investigated for several years. The electrode system was immersed …
Date:
January 31, 2002
Creator:
Martins, S A; Daily, W D & Ramirez, A L
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Matching Quadrupoles for Ags Helical Snake.
None
Date:
September 9, 2002
Creator:
Courant, E. D.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Computational Biology: A Strategic Initiative LDRD
The goal of this Strategic Initiative LDRD project was to establish at LLNL a new core capability in computational biology, combining laboratory strengths in high performance computing, molecular biology, and computational chemistry and physics. As described in this report, this project has been very successful in achieving this goal. This success is demonstrated by the large number of referred publications, invited talks, and follow-on research grants that have resulted from this project. Additionally, this project has helped build connections to internal and external collaborators and funding agencies that will be critical to the long-term vitality of LLNL programs in computational biology. Most importantly, this project has helped establish on-going research groups in the Biology and Biotechnology Research Program, the Physics and Applied Technology Directorate, and the Computation Directorate. These groups include three laboratory staff members originally hired as post-doctoral researchers for this strategic initiative.
Date:
February 7, 2002
Creator:
Barsky, D. & Colvin, M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Radiation Dosimetry of a Graphite Moderated Radium Beryllium Source.
None
Date:
August 18, 2002
Creator:
Holden, N. E.; Reciniello, R. N.; Hu, J. P. & Al., Et
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Modeling and Imaging of the Ni-Like Pd X-Ray Laser and Other New Schemes
The technique of using a nsec prepulse to create and ionize the plasma followed by a psec pulse to heat the plasma has enabled us to achieve saturated laser output for low-Z neon-like and nickel-like ions driven by small lasers with less than ten joules of energy. In this work we model recent experiments done using the COMET laser at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory to illuminate slab targets of Pd up to 1.25 cm long with a 2 joule, 600 ps prepulse followed 700 psec later by a 6 joule, 6 psec drive pulse. The experiments measure the two-dimensional near-field and far-field laser patterns for the 14.7 nm Ni-like Pd x-ray laser line. This line has already demonstrated saturated output. The experiments are modeled using the LASNEX code to calculate the hydrodynamic evolution of the plasma and provide the temperatures and densities to the CRETIN code, which then does the kinetics calculations to determine the gain. Using a ray tracing code to calculate the near and far-field patterns, the simulations are then compared with experiments. We also present several new schemes that we are modeling. The first scheme is Pd-like Nd that has a promising 5d-5p laser line near 24.3 …
Date:
June 26, 2002
Creator:
Nilsen, J; Dunn, J; Smith, R F & Barbee, T W
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
An Overview of Raster Scanning for ICF-Class Laser Optics
Recent work has shown that the damage resistance of both ICF-class (1600 cm') DKDP tripler crystals and SiO{sub 2} components (lenses, gratings and debris shields) benefits from laser raster scanning using pulsed lasers in the 350 nm range. For laser raster scanning to be a viable optical improvement tool for these large optics, damage improvement must be optimized while maintaining scan times of less than 8 hours/optic. In this paper we examine raster scanning with small beams from tabletop laser systems. We show that 120 Watts of average power is required for a tabletop scanning system at one optic/day. Next, we develop equations for total scan time for square and round top hat beams and round and rectangular Gaussian beams. We also consider the effect of packing geometry (square vs. hexagonal), examine the deviations from uniform coverage with each scan geometry and show that hexagonal packing yields lower scan times but is less efficient in coverage than square geometry. We also show that multiple passes at low packing densities are temporally equivalent to a single pass with higher packing density, and discuss the advantages of each method. In addition, we show that the differences between hexagonal and square scan geometries …
Date:
October 30, 2002
Creator:
Runkel, M J & Nostrand, M
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library