Reconciliation report with an ending account balance of $941.54 reconciled for the period ending on February 28, 2002.

A geometrical multigrid method for solving the linearized matrix equations arising from node-on-face three-dimensional finite element contact is described. The development of an efficient implementation of this combination that minimizes both the memory requirements and the computational cost requires careful construction and storage of the portion of the coarse mesh stiffness matrices that are associated with the contact stiffness on the fine mesh. The multigrid contact algorithm is parallelized in a manner suitable for distributed memory architectures: results are presented that demonstrates the scheme's scalability. The solution of a large contact problem derived from an analysis of the factory joints present in the Space Shuttle reusable solid rocket motor demonstrates the usefulness of the general approach.

The Multi-Scale Thermo-Hydrologic (MSTH) process model is a modeling abstraction of them1 hydrology (TH) of the potential Yucca Mountain repository at multiple spatial scales. The MSTH model as described herein was used for the Supplemental Science and Performance Analyses (BSC, 2001) and is documented in detail in CRWMS M&O (2000) and Glascoe et al. (2002). The model has been validated to a nested grid model in Buscheck et al. (In Review). The MSTH approach is necessary for modeling thermal hydrology at Yucca Mountain for two reasons: (1) varying levels of detail are necessary at different spatial scales to capture important TH processes and (2) a fully-coupled TH model of the repository which includes the necessary spatial detail is computationally prohibitive. The MSTH model consists of six ''submodels'' which are combined in a manner to reduce the complexity of modeling where appropriate. The coupling of these models allows for appropriate consideration of mountain-scale thermal hydrology along with the thermal hydrology of drift-scale discrete waste packages of varying heat load. Two stages are involved in the MSTH approach, first, the execution of submodels, and second, the assembly of submodels using the Multi-scale Thermohydrology Abstraction Code (MSTHAC). MSTHAC assembles the submodels in a …

This report describes a market and load research study on a small group of participants in the NYISO Emergency Demand Response Program (EDRP) and the NYSERDA Peak Load Reduction and Enabling Technology Program Opportunity Notices. In-depth interviews were conducted with 14 individual customers that participated in the NYISO EDRP program through New York State Electric and Gas (NYSEG), AES NewEnergy, and eBidenergy/ ConsumerPowerLine. These contractors used funding from NYSERDA to apply enabling technologies that were hypothesized to improve customers' ability to curtail load. Both NYSEG and eBidenergy/ConsumerPowerLine offered their customers access to their hourly load data on a day-after basis and, during curtailment events, on a near-real-time basis. Phone interviews were conducted with most customers, however 25% of customers provided initial responses to the survey protocol via email. We then combined the market research information with load data during the curtailment events of August 7-10, 2001 to evaluate the impact of technology on curtailment responses.

Preliminary results already show that we collected enough statistics in this experiment to yield a meaningful spectral distribution of two-step {gamma}-ray transitions. Analysis of the data continues. We hope to soon be able to fill Fig. 5 with data points, favoring either the hypothesis of an electric pygmy resonance (red line) or orbital magnetic scissors mode (blue line).

Section 203 of Executive Order 13123 requires all Federal agencies to reduce energy consumption. While there is an exemption for Federal laboratories and research and development facilities, industrial facilities do not fall under this program. The goal of this task was to identify and characterize key industrial Federal sites to assist in establishment of a support program for energy reduction in Federal industrial facilities. This document identifies key industrial sites in both the Defense Department and civilian agencies that could be prime candidates for energy-efficiency improvements. For these targeted agencies, location, gross square footage, and site energy consumption, cost and general industrial process information is provided (if available).

It is necessary to place a barrier foil in front of the X-ray converter target to prevent the backstreaming ions. This research note presents the simulations of foil heating using the latest EOS tables. LASNEX simulations are carried out using both DARHT-II and ETA-II beam parameters. Results for all the foils studied here, using the DARHT-II beam parameters, show that the integrated line density along the axis at the end of the 4th pulse remains essentially unchanged even if the foils are heated by beams with relatively small beam spot sizes. The temperature can reach up to 3000 C on graphite foil but can only reach several hundred degree Celsius on Mylar foil. Simulations also show that ETA-II beam can create a ''burn-through'' hole on all the foils except graphite and diamond foils, which may require pre-heat. The threshold beam spot size required for hole formation will be compared with LASNEX simulation for the purpose of code verification.

Isotopically enriched xenon isotopes are ideal for tracking the flow of relatively large volumes of groundwater. Dissolved noble gas tracers behave conservatively in the saturated zone, pose no health risk to drinking water supplies, and can be used with a large dynamic range. Different Xe isotopes can be used simultaneously at multiple recharge sources in a single experiment. Results from a tracer experiment at a California water district suggests that a small fraction of tracer moved from the recharge ponds through the thick, unconfined, coarse-grained alluvial aquifer to high capacity production wells at a horizontal velocity of 6 m/day. In contrast, mean water residence times indicate that the average rate of transport is 0.5 to 1 m/day.

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High spatial resolution tomography benefits from a high brightness source (photons/(mr{sup 2} x source area)). A synchrotron radiation source provides extremely high continuous brightness with spectral characteristics suited to a wide variety of imaging needs. Therefore, during the initial testing of the new synchrotron radiation computed tomography (SRCT) system at Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, it was suggested that we image a ruled target designed for NIF experiments. This is a detailed report of that imaging effort.

People who know their way around metalworking are no doubt familiar with peening--using a ball-peen hammer to pound a piece of metal into shape and strengthen it against fatigue failure. For the past 50 years, an industrialized equivalent has been shot peening, in which metal or ceramic beads as large as marbles or as small as salt and pepper grains pneumatically bombard a metal surface. Laser peening, a process based on a superior laser technology developed at Lawrence Livermore, replaces the hammer blows and streams of beads with short blasts of laser light. The end result is a piece of metal with significantly improved performance. Lawrence Livermore and Metal Improvement Company, Inc., won a coveted R and D 100 Award for their laser-peening process in 1998 (see S and TR, October 1998, pp. 12-13). Since that time, they've been developing uses for the technology with a number of industries, including automotive, medical, and aerospace. They've also developed an offshoot technique--laser peenmarking{trademark}--which provides a way to easily and clearly identify parts with a mark that is extremely difficult to counterfeit. Another outgrowth is a new peen-forming technology that allows complex contouring of problematic thick metal components such as the thick sections …

The issue of unexploded ordnance excavation and removal is complicated by the interaction between the independent robotics systems (e.g. manipulator, sensors, and software). A review of commercially available robotic systems highlights the specificity of the design and intent of each for the application and problem being addressed. Although multiple parties, including universities, research institutes, and manufacturers worldwide are concerned with removing explosive ordnance (EOD) and unexploded ordnance (UXO), the exact details of the problems and tasks at each site differ between projects, even slightly. The risks associated with the excavation and removal of ordnance require a level of robustness that necessitates extensive testing and engineering despite project similarities. Based on the experience of researchers, the integration of systems at unique excavation sites will be the critical element of the project to ensure the safe and robust removal of buried ordnance. Although this report touches on some systems integration issues to a limited degree, the report at this stage is primarily a survey of commercially available, proven robotics components and systems for the excavation and recovery of buried ordnance.

The goal of the Majorana Experiment is to determine the effective Majorana masss of the eletron neutrino. Detection of the neutrino mass implied by oscillation results in within our grasp. This exciting physics goal is best pursued using double-beta decay of germanium because of the historical and emerging advances in eliminating competing signals from radioactive backgrounds. The Majorana Experiment will consist of a large mass of 76Ge in the form of high-resolution detectors deep underground, searching for a sharp peak at the BB endpoint. We present here an overview of the entire project in order to help put in perspective the scope, the level and technial risk, and the readiness of the Collaboration to begin the undertaking.

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory's (LLNL) Forensic Science Center (FSC) has extensive experience and capabilities in the analysis of chemical agents (CA) and related compounds as well as experience in identifying these materials in the field (i.e. samples such as those found in soils, liquids, gases). An open source survey was performed to determine viable, commercially available technology that can detect, in situ, CA and also meet field-use performance criteria as specified by the Program Management Consultant (PMC). The performance requirements of the technology include accuracy, reliability, integration onto robotics, and chemical detection sensitivities that meet required specifications. Not included in this survey are technologies and methodologies to detect CA decomposition products and related waste streams.

This report examines some conditions necessary for Generation IV Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) to be competitive in the world energy market. The key areas that make nuclear reactors an attractive choice for investors are reviewed, and a cost model based on the ideal conditions is developed. Recommendations are then made based on the output of the cost model and on conditions and tactics that have proven successful in other industries. The Encapsulated Nuclear Heat Source (ENHS), a specific SMR design concept, is used to develop the cost model and complete the analysis because information about the ENHS design is readily available from the University of California at Berkeley Nuclear Engineering Department. However, the cost model can be used to analyze any of the current SMR designs being considered. On the basis of our analysis, we determined that the nuclear power industry can benefit from and SMRs can become competitive in the world energy market if a combination of standardization and simplification of orders, configuration, and production are implemented. This would require wholesale changes in the way SMRs are produced, manufactured and regulated, but nothing that other industries have not implemented and proven successful.

We compare the Implicit Monte Carlo (IMC) technique to the Symbolic IMC (SIMC) technique, with and without weight vectors in frequency space, for time-dependent line transport in the presence of collisional pumping. We examine the efficiency and accuracy of the IMC and SIMC methods for examples involving the evolution of a collisionally pumped trapping problem to steady-state, the surface heating of cold media by a beam, and the diffusion of energy from a localized region that is collisionally pumped. The importance of spatial biasing and teleportation for problems involving high opacity is demonstrated. Our numerical solution, along with its associated teleportation error, is checked against theoretical calculations for the last example.

Radioactive waste is scheduled to be retrieved from Hanford double-shell tanks AN-103, AN-104, AN-105 and AW-101 to the vitrification plant beginning about 2009. Retrieval may involve decanting the supernatant liquid and/or mixing the waste with jet pumps. In these four tanks, which contain relatively large volumes of retained gas, both of these operations are expected to induce buoyant displacement gas releases that can potentially raise the tank headspace hydrogen concentration to very near the lower flammability limit. This report describes the theory and detailed physical models for both the supernate decant and jet mixing processes and presents the results from applying the models to these operations in the four tanks. The technical bases for input parameter distributions are elucidated.

This protocol serves as a framework to determine energy and water savings resulting from the implementation of an energy efficiency program. It is also intended to help monitor the performance of renewable energy systems and to enhance indoor environmental quality in buildings.

This interim change notice updates the assessment plan to refelct the current wells in the monitoring system and the current constituent list for Waste Management Area T.

This protocol serves as a framework to determine energy and water savings resulting from the implementation of an energy efficiency program. It is also intended to help monitor the performance of renewable energy systems and to enhance indoor environmental quality in buildings.

This report explores the ability of distributed generation (DG) options to provide cost-effective alternatives to central station generation, transmission, and distribution upgrades for alleviating transmission and distribution congestion. The need for this study was driven by three major factors: (1) DOE's DG program, while quite successful in showing the value of DG in large portions of the United States, has been less successful in the Southeast, likely because of the low energy prices, high excess electrical capacity, and lack of electricity deregulation in the region. (2) Lack of DG-related analysis that uses real world data on specific sites that can be used as good indicators of the issues and benefits of DG. (3) Interest on behalf of DOE in analysis in two southern states that can be used to show the value of DG to several key Congressional officials from the states. To demonstrate this ability for constrained sites in systems in the states of Florida and Mississippi, the Electricity Asset Evaluation Model (EAEM) is used to assess the costs and benefits of installing DG options to reduce load in areas with transmission congestion versus upgrading the transmission and distribution (T&D) systems.

This report describes continuing studies on photoluminescence (PL), electroluminescence (EL), Raman, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) by the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill during the three years and the extension period. Systematic studies on the transition materials and their solar cells and a review of the photo-induced structural changes in correlation to the electronic degradation have led to better understanding of the factors determining the photodegradation in a-Si:H solar cells. NHR established significant differences, as in the bonding of hydrogen in the hot-wire- and plasma-deposited amorphous silicon.

As the threat to computer systems increases with the increasing use of computers as a tool in daily business activities, the need to securely configure those systems becomes more important. There are far too many intruders with access to the Internet and the skills and time to spend compromising systems to not spend the time necessary to securely configure a system. Hand-in-hand with the increased need for security are an increased number of items that need to be securely configured. Windows 2000 has about seven hundred security related policy settings, up from seventy two in Windows NT. While Windows 2000 systems are an extension of the Windows NT 4 architecture, there are considerable differences between these two systems, especially in terms of system and security administration. Operational policy, system security, and file security are other areas where Windows 2000 has expanded considerably beyond the domain model of Windows NT 4. The Windows NT 4 Domain model consists of domains of workstations that, with a single login, share resources and are administered together. The database of user settings and credentials resides in the domain server. Domains can trust other domains to expand the sharing of resources between users of multiple domains. …