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Pressure gradient passivation of carbonaceous material normally susceptible to spontaneous combustion (open access)

Pressure gradient passivation of carbonaceous material normally susceptible to spontaneous combustion

This invention is a process for the passivation or deactivation with respect to oxygen of a carbonaceous material by the exposure of the carbonaceous material to an oxygenated gas in which the oxygenated gas pressure is increased from a first pressure to a second pressure and then the pressure is changed to a third pressure. Preferably a cyclic process which comprises exposing the carbonaceous material to the gas at low pressure and increasing the pressure to a second higher pressure and then returning the pressure to a lower pressure is used. The cycle is repeated at least twice wherein the higher pressure may be increased after a selected number of cycles.
Date: January 29, 2002
Creator: Ochs, Thomas L.; Sands, William D.; Schroeder, Karl; Summers, Cathy A. & Utz, Bruce R.
System: The UNT Digital Library
One-piece, composite crucible with integral withdrawal/discharge section (open access)

One-piece, composite crucible with integral withdrawal/discharge section

A one-piece, composite open-bottom casting mold with integral withdrawal section is fabricated by thermal spraying of materials compatible with and used for the continuous casting of shaped products of reactive metals and alloys such as, for example, titanium and its alloys or for the gas atomization thereof.
Date: July 30, 2002
Creator: Besser, Matthew; Terpstra, Robert L. (Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA); Sordelet, Daniel J.; Anderson, Iver E.; Hartman, Alan D.; Argetsinger, Edward R. et al.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Apparatus and Method for Increasing the Diameter of Metal Alloy Wires Within a Molten Metal Pool (open access)

Apparatus and Method for Increasing the Diameter of Metal Alloy Wires Within a Molten Metal Pool

In a dip forming process the core material to be coated is introduced directly into a source block of coating material eliminating the need for a bushing entrance component. The process containment vessel or crucible is heated so that only a portion of the coating material becomes molten, leaving a solid portion of material as the entrance port of, and seal around, the core material. The crucible can contain molten and solid metals and is especially useful when coating core material with reactive metals. The source block of coating material has been machined to include a close tolerance hole of a size and shape to closely fit the core material. The core material moves first through the solid portion of the source block of coating material where the close tolerance hole has been machined, then through a solid/molten interface, and finally through the molten phase where the diameter of the core material is increased. The crucible may or may not require water-cooling depending upon the type of material used in crucible construction. The system may operate under vacuum, partial vacuum, atmospheric pressure, or positive pressure depending upon the type of source material being used.
Date: January 29, 2002
Creator: Hartman, Alan D.; Argetsinger, Edward R.; Hansen, Jeffrey S.; Paige, Jack I.; King, Paul E. & Turner, Paul C.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Oxidation resistant alloys, method for producing oxidation resistant alloys (open access)

Oxidation resistant alloys, method for producing oxidation resistant alloys

A method for producing oxidation-resistant austenitic alloys for use at temperatures below 800 C. comprising of: providing an alloy comprising, by weight %: 14-18% chromium, 15-18% nickel, 1-3% manganese, 1-2% molybdenum, 2-4% silicon, 0% aluminum and the balance being iron; heating the alloy to 800 C. for between 175-250 hours prior to use in order to form a continuous silicon oxide film and another oxide film. The method provides a means of producing stainless steels with superior oxidation resistance at temperatures above 700 C. at a low cost
Date: November 5, 2002
Creator: Dunning, John S. & Alman, David E.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Method for processing aluminum spent potliner in a graphite electrode arc furnace (open access)

Method for processing aluminum spent potliner in a graphite electrode arc furnace

A method of processing spent aluminum pot liner containing carbon, cyanide compositions, fluorides and inorganic oxides. The spend aluminum pot liner is crushed, iron oxide is added to form an agglomerated material. The agglomerated material is melted in an electric arc furnace having the electrodes submerged in the molten material to provide a reducing environment during the furnace operation. In the reducing environment, pot liner is oxidized while the iron oxides are reduced to produce iron and a slag substantially free of cyanide compositions and fluorides. An off-gas including carbon oxides and fluorine is treated in an air pollution control system with an afterburner and a scrubber to produce NaF, water and a gas vented to the atmosphere free of cyanide compositions, fluorine, and CO.
Date: December 24, 2002
Creator: O'Connor, William K.; Turner, Paul C. & Addison, G.W. (AJT Enterprises, Inc.)
System: The UNT Digital Library