Bi-monthly report on average prices paid for standing timber in Texas, calculated based on reported timber sales.

Monthly publication documenting statistics related to economic information in the Mexico-Texas border areas including types of border crossings, employment, customs revenues, and other related data.

The newsletter produced by the Texas Cooperative Extension at Texas A & M University that discusses agricultural marketing and opportunities to network and learn.

Newsletter of the Texas Department of Health Asbestos Programs Branch discussing news and updates of the agency; changes to laws, regulations, and other policies related to asbestos usage and removal; and other asbestos-related information.

Newsletter issued by the Texas Agricultural Extension Service related to news, events and other updates in the organization related to raising and managing horses, as well as other relevant topics of interest to county extension agents.

Newsletter of the Texas Parks & Wildlife Conservation Passport program, discussing news and events, announcements related to the program, and other information of interest to park visitors.

Magazine for Texas Lottery retailers that contains news, retailer spotlights, and a list of lottery winners.

Report of the Red River Compact Commission describing goals, activities, and accomplishments during fiscal year 2000.

Magazine discussing natural resources, parks, hunting and fishing, and other information related to the outdoors in Texas.

Newsletter of the Texas Wildlife Division discussing news, events, programs, and other topics of interest related to wildlife management in Texas, and Texas Parks and Wildlife activities.

This publication explains the criteria, research methods and documentation necessary to apply for an Official Texas Historical Marker or listing in the National Register of Historic Places, programs administered by the THC.

Texas Transportation code allows for a number of temporary registration permits to be issued when it is possible or convenient for a vehicle owner or operator to issued regular Texas registration

The author assumes that the reader is familiar with the Spherical harmonics, Pn, method and the discrete ordinates, S{sub n}, method; for a derivation of the equations used in these methods. I will only discuss the Boltzmann equation in one dimension, and the Sn method using Gaussian quadrature. I will do this merely to simplify the following discussion; once you understand the concepts presented here you can easily extend the conclusions to more general situations. Why are the spherical harmonics P{sub n} and discrete ordinate S{sub n} methods, or more correctly the P{sub n} and S{sub n+1} methods, equivalent, e.g., P{sub 3} is equivalent to S{sub 4}? When the S{sub n} method uses a Gaussian quadrature most textbooks will tell you that both methods are equivalent to assuming that the angular flux can be represented by a Legendre polynomial expansion of order n. Most textbooks are wrong [1]. We know that the S{sub n} method constrains the ''particles'' to travel in discrete directions; when Gaussian quadrature is used these discrete directions correspond to the zeros of the Legendre polynomial P{sub n+1}({mu}). What is not immediately obvious is that the P{sub n} method constrains the ''particles'' in exactly the same way. …

Temperature programmed desorption (TPD) was performed on M9787 silicone, Cab-O-Sil-M-7D (fumed) and Hi-Sil-233 (precipitated) silica particles that had been annealed to 460 K for 24 hours then exposed to different moisture levels. Our results suggest that moisture desorption and adsorption in M9787 can be approximated by the interaction of its silica contents (Cab-O-Sil-M-7D and Hi-Sil-233) with moisture. Our experimental data also reveal that, in general, as heat treated silica particles are exposed to moisture, chemisorbed states, then physisorbed states are gradually filled up in that order. However, there seems to have some rearrangement of bonds as moisture desorbs or absorbs on the surfaces of the silica particles. Nanoindentation was also performed on M9787 silicones that were simultaneously pumped down to a few hundred Pa of residual pressure at room temperature. Our data shows that the removal of physisorbed water in M9787 has none or reversible little effect on the mechanical properties of M9787.

We discuss the design and implementation of a low-cost, high-resolution adaptive optics test-bed for vision research. It is well known that high-order aberrations in the human eye reduce optical resolution and limit visual acuity. However, the effects of aberration-free eyesight on vision are only now beginning to be studied using adaptive optics to sense and correct the aberrations in the eye. We are developing a high-resolution adaptive optics system for this purpose using a Hamamatsu Parallel Aligned Nematic Liquid Crystal Spatial Light Modulator. Phase-wrapping is used to extend the effective stroke of the device, and the wavefront sensing and wavefront correction are done at different wavelengths. Issues associated with these techniques will be discussed.

We performed Monte Carlo calculations of the neutron and gamma ray spectra and neutron and gamma dose rates outside the shielding of the UF{sub 6} mass flowmeter. The UF{sub 6} mass flowmeter and the UF{sub 6} mass flowmeter are the two main components of the Blend Down Monitoring System (BDMS) equipment. The BDMS equipment is designed to continuously monitor the UF{sub 6} enrichment and mass flow rates in processing pipes at uranium facilities. The UF{sub 6} mass flowmeter incorporates four {sup 252}Cf neutron sources, surrounded by a polyethylene shielding block. The uranium fission products generated by the {sup 252}Cf neutrons are detected down the pipe, thus confirming the UF{sub 6} mass flow rate. The dose calculations used both U.S. and Russian gamma and neutron fluence-to-dose conversion coefficients. The purpose of these calculations was to facilitate proper interpretation of the neutron dose rate measurements from rem meters (e.g., rem balls) outside of BDMS shielding. An accurate determination of the dose rate is particular interest in that it enables dose rates to be compared with the applicable regulatory limit. The calculations show that neutrons outside of BDMS shielding are significantly reduced in energy, i.e., the spectrum is shifted (i.e., moderated) towards lower …

Presently the Heavy Ion Fusion Virtual National Laboratory is researching ion sources and injector concepts to understand how to optimize beam brightness over a range of currents (50-2000 mA argon equivalent). One concept initially accelerates millimeter size, milliamp beamlets to 1 MeV before merging them into centimeter size, ampere beams. Computer simulations have shown the final brightness of the merged beams is dominated by the emittance growth of the merging process, as long as the beamlets ion temperature is below a few eV. Thus, a RF multicusp source capable of high current density can produce beams with better brightness compared to ones extracted from a colder source with a large aperture and lower current density. As such, experiments have begun to develop a RF multicusp source capable of delivering one amp of extracted beam current. It is expected that it will require 10 kW of 13 MHz RF power delivered via a quartz shielded, one and half turn, four inch diameter antenna. Important considerations in the development of the source include the dependence of current density and beam ion temperature on consumed RF power and gas pressure. A fast rise time ({approx} 100 ns) for the extracted beam pulse must …

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) facility operated by the University of California (UC), serves as a national resource of scientific, technical, and engineering capabilities. The Laboratory's mission focuses on nuclear weapons and national security, and over the years has been broadened to include areas such as strategic defense, energy, the environment, biomedicine, technology transfer, the economy, and education. The Laboratory carries out this mission in compliance with local, state, and federal environmental regulatory requirements. It does so with the support of the Environmental Protection Department, which is responsible for environmental monitoring and analysis, hazardous waste management, environmental restoration, and assisting Laboratory organizations in ensuring compliance with environmental laws and regulations. LLNL comprises two sites: the Livermore site and Site 300. The Livermore site occupies an area of 3.28 square kilometers on the eastern edge of Livermore, California. Site 300, LLNL's experimental testing site, is located 24 kilometers to the east in the Altamont Hills and occupies an area of 30.3 square kilometers. Meteorological and environmental monitoring activities are conducted at both sites as well as in surrounding areas. This summary provides an overview of LLNL's environmental activities in 2000, including radiological and nonradiological surveillance, …

It is necessary that the NIF PEPC LRU Test Stand be modified to accommodate a new experiment. This modification will involve boring two 1/2 inch holes in the Center Loaded Upper Beam of the stand. These holes will allow a small wire to pass through half of the length of one of the long sections of 80/20 part 3030. The holes could adversely effect the load-bearing capabilities of an important structural member of the stand so calculations must be done to assure a minimal risk of part failure.

We report infrared (IR) spectroscopic measurements of carbon monoxide (CO) at high pressures. Although CO is one of the simplest heteronuclear diatomic molecules, it displays surprisingly complex behavior at high pressures and has been the subject of several studies [1-5]. IR spectroscopic studies of high pressures phases of CO provide data complementing results from previous studies and elucidating the nature of these phases. Though a well-known and widely utilized diagnostic of molecular systems, IR spectroscopy presents several experimental challenges to high pressure diamond anvil cell research. We present measurements of the IR absorption bands of CO at high pressures and experimentally illustrate the crucial importance of accurate normalization of IR spectra specially within regions of strong absorptions in diamond.

This paper surveys theory issues associated with inducing convective cells through divertor tile biasing in a tokamak to broaden the scrape-off layer (SOL). The theory is applied to the Mega-Ampere Spherical Tokamak (MAST), where such experiments are planned in the near future. Criteria are presented for achieving strong broadening and for exciting shear-flow turbulence in the SOL; these criteria are shown to be attainable in practice. It is also shown that the magnetic shear present in the vicinity of the X-point is likely to confine the potential perturbations to the divertor region below the X-point, leaving the part of the SOL that is in direct contact with the core plasma intact. The current created by the biasing and the associated heating power are found to be modest.

Metal matrix composites (MMCs) containing matrices with nanometer grain sizes have been produced from pure aluminum nano-powders (particle sizes 50-200 nm) with SiC reinforcement (particle sizes 3-10 {micro}m). The pure Al nano-powders were produced using an exploding wire technique. Dynamic loading using a magnetic impulse technique has been used to compact the MMC to high density. The dynamic compaction process results in excellent wetting of the SiC particles by the nanocrystalline Al powders, and the retention of a nano-crystalline grain size in the MMC. Microstructural analysis of the resulting MMC showed a highly uniform distribution of Sic particles with no visible defects or pores and the absence of deleterious phases (such as Al{sub 4}C{sub 3}) at the interfaces between the aluminum nano-grains and the SiC particles. The microstructures produced and the evolution of microstructure during dynamic compaction has also been studied using TEM and found to progress in three stages. These three stages are described.

Continuous melting of phosphate laser glass is now being used for the first time to prepare meter-scale amplifier optics for megajoule lasers. The scale-up to continuous melting from the previous one-at-a-time ''discontinuous'' batch process has allowed for the production of glass at rates more than 20 times faster, 5 times cheaper, and with 2-3 times better optical quality. Almost 8000 slabs of laser glass will be used in high-energy, high-peak-power laser systems that are being designed and built for fusion energy research. The success of this new continuous melting process, which is a result of a six year joint R&D program between government and industry, stems from numerous technical advances which include (1) dehydroxylating the glass to concentrations less than {approx}100 ppm OH; (2) minimizing damage-causing Pt-inclusions; (3) preventing glass fracture; (4) minimizing impurities such as Cu and Fe to <20 ppm; (5) improving forming methods to get high optical homogeneity glass; and (6) developing large aperture quality assurance tools to verify properties of the glass.

The National Ignition Facility (NIF) Power Conditioning System (PCS) is a modular capacitive energy storage system that provides over 34 kilojoules of energy to each of the nearly 8000 flashlamps in the NIF laser. Up to 400 megajoules of energy can be stored in the NIF PCS system, discharged through spark gaps and delivered to the flashlamps through a coaxial transmission line system requiring nearly 100 miles of high-voltage cable. The NIF PCS has been under development for nearly 4 years. During this time, the system was developed and designed by Sandia National Laboratory in Albuquerque, NM (SNLA) in conjunction with Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). Extensive reliability testing was performed at SNLA on the First Article NIF Test Module (FANTM) test facility and design improvements were implemented based on FANTM test results, leading to the final design presently undergoing system reliability testing at LLNL. Low-cost energy-storage capacitors, charging power supplies, and reliable, fault-tolerant components were developed through partnerships with numerous contractors. Extensive reliability and fault testing of components has also been performed. This paper will provide an overview of the many efforts that have culminated in the final design of the NIF PCS. The PCS system design will be …