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Wind Resource Development Project for Armenia
Armenia has few proven reserves of natural energy and is dependent on long, unreliable transport lines for oil and gas. Preliminary studies indicate that the wind energy potential in Armenia is more than 500 megawatts (MW), assuming a reasonable fraction of 10% of the land area in the high-wind zones. Over the long term, the Armenian government intends to meet 8%--10% of its electric consumption needs by grid-connected wind turbines. The goals of this project are to enhance Armenia's energy security, mitigate the environmental damage of conventional sources of energy, reduce future carbon dioxide emissions, build an environmentally sound and sustainable model for economic development, and promote trade between the U.S. and Armenia. The project is being funded by the Cafesjian Family Foundation, a private foundation based in the United States in Naples, Florida, with the participation of Ecotrade, Inc. of Glendale, California. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) is providing technical assistance. As part of the wind energy development project, the authors conducted a preliminary wind-energy resource assessment for some regions in Armenia. This activity provided valuable information needed to facilitate the commercialization of wind farms in Armenia and to lay the groundwork for subsequent wind resource activities. This …
Date:
August 17, 2000
Creator:
Adamian, S.; Manoukian, L.; Lalayan, A. & Gevorgian, V. (National Renewable Energy Laboratory)
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Micromilling of Metal Alloys with Focused Ion Beam-Fabricated Tools
None
Date:
October 3, 2000
Creator:
Adams, D.P.; Vasile, M.J.; Benavides, G.L. & Campbell, A.N.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Composition and structure of sputter deposited erbium hydride thin films
Erbium hydride thin films are grown onto polished, a-axis {alpha} Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} (sapphire) substrates by reactive ion beam sputtering and analyzed to determine composition, phase and microstructure. Erbium is sputtered while maintaining a H{sub 2} partial pressure of 1.4 x 10{sup {minus}4} Torr. Growth is conducted at several substrate temperatures between 30 and 500 C. Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) and elastic recoil detection analyses after deposition show that the H/Er areal density ratio is approximately 3:1 for growth temperatures of 30, 150 and 275 C, while for growth above {approximately}430 C, the ratio of hydrogen to metal is closer to 2:1. However, x-ray diffraction shows that all films have a cubic metal sublattice structure corresponding to that of ErH{sub 2}. RBS and Auger electron that sputtered erbium hydride thin films are relatively free of impurities.
Date:
May 10, 2000
Creator:
Adams, David P.; Romero, Juan A.; Rodriguez, Mark A.; Floro, Jerrold A. & Banks, James C.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Micro-Grooving and Micro-Threading Tools for Fabricating Curvilinear Features
This paper presents techniques for fabricating microscopic, curvilinear features in a variety of workpiece materials. Micro-grooving and micro-threading tools having cutting widths as small as 13 {micro}m are made by focused ion beam sputtering and used for ultra-precision machining. Tool fabrication involves directing a 20 keV gallium beam at polished cylindrical punches made of cobalt M42 high-speed steel or C2 tungsten carbide to create a number of critically aligned facets. Sputtering produces rake facets of desired angle and cutting edges having radii of curvature equal to 0.4 {micro}m. Clearance for minimizing frictional drag of a tool results from a particular ion beam/target geometry that accounts for the sputter yield dependence on incidence angle. It is believed that geometrically specific cutting tools of this dimension have not been made previously. Numerically controlled, ultra-precision machining with micro-grooving tools results in a close match between tool width and feature size. Microtools are used to machine 13 {micro}m wide, 4 {micro}m deep, helical grooves in polymethyl methacrylate and 6061 Al cylindrical workplaces. Micro-grooving tools are also used to fabricate sinusoidal cross-section features in planar metal samples.
Date:
July 24, 2000
Creator:
Adams, David P.; Vasile, Michael J. & Krishnan, A. S. M.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Effect of Radiation on Spinel Ceramics for Permanent Containers for Nuclear Waste Transportation and Storage.
None
Date:
April 30, 2000
Creator:
Adams, J.; Cowgill, M.; Moskowitz, P. & Rokhvarger, A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Effect of Radiation on Spinel Ceramics for Permanent Containers for Nuclear Waste Transportation and Storage.
None
Date:
April 30, 2000
Creator:
Adams, J.; Cowgill, M.; Moskowitz, P. & Rokhvarger, A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
FY2001 Tank Characterization Technical Sampling Basis & Waste Information Requirements Document
The Fiscal Year 2001 Tank Characterization Technical Sampling Basis and Waste Information Requirements Document (TSB-WIRD) has the following purposes: (1) To identify and integrate sampling and analysis needs for fiscal year (FY) 2001 and beyond. (2) To describe the overall drivers that require characterization information and to document their source. (3) To describe the process for identifying, prioritizing, and weighting issues that require characterization information to resolve. (4) To define the method for determining sampling priorities and to present the sampling priorities on a tank-by-tank basis. (5) To define how the characterization program is going to satisfy the drivers, close issues, and report progress. (6)To describe deliverables and acceptance criteria for characterization deliverables.
Date:
August 2, 2000
Creator:
Adams, M. R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Letter of Intent for RPP Characterization Program Process Engineering and Hanford Analytical Services and Characterization Project
The Characterization Project level of success achieved by the River Protection Project (RPP) is determined by the effectiveness of several organizations across RPP working together. The requirements, expectations, interrelationships, and performance criteria for each of these organizations were examined in order to understand the performances necessary to achieve characterization objectives. This Letter of Intent documents the results of the above examination. It formalizes the details of interfaces, working agreements, and requirements for obtaining and transferring tank waste samples from the Tank Farm System (RPP Process Engineering, Characterization Project Operations, and RPP Quality Assurance) to the characterization laboratory complex (222-S Laboratory, Waste Sampling and Characterization Facility, and the Hanford Analytical Service Program) and for the laboratory complex analysis and reporting of analytical results.
Date:
February 25, 2000
Creator:
Adams, M. R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Tank Characterization Report for Double Shell Tank 241AZ102
None
Date:
September 14, 2000
Creator:
Adams, M. R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Tank Characterization Report for Double Shell Tank (DST) 241-AN-107
This report interprets information about the tank answering a series of six questions covering areas such as information drivers, tank history, tank comparisons, disposal implications, data quality and quantity, and unique aspects of the tank.
Date:
March 23, 2000
Creator:
Adams, M. R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Tank Characterization Report for Single Shell Tank 241-C-104
Interprets information about the tank answering a series of six questions covering areas such as information drivers, tank history, tank comparisons, disposal implications, data quality and quantity, and unique aspects of the tank.
Date:
April 6, 2000
Creator:
Adams, M. R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Tank Characterization Report for Single Shell Tank 241-U-102
None
Date:
April 11, 2000
Creator:
Adams, M. R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Tank Characterization Report for Single Shell Tank 241-U-103
This document summarizes the information on the historical uses, present status, and the sampling and analysis results of waste stored in Tank 241-U-103. This report supports the requirements of the Tri-Party Agreement Milestone M-44-15B.
Date:
February 1, 2000
Creator:
Adams, M. R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Tank Characterization Report for Single Shell Tank (SST) 241-TX-118
None
Date:
May 5, 2000
Creator:
Adams, M. R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Tank Waste Information Network System (TWINS) FY 2001 Data Management Plan
The mission of Tank Waste Information Network System (TWINS) is to provide system users with quality tank data and information when needed, in the form needed and at a reasonable cost.
Date:
June 12, 2000
Creator:
Adams, M. R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant Biological Monitoring and Abatement Program Plan
The revised Biological Monitoring and Abatement Program (BMAP) for East Fork Poplar Creek (EFPC) at the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant, as described, will be conducted as required by the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permit issued for the Y-12 Plant on April 28, 1995 and became effective July 1, 1995. The basic approach to biological monitoring used in this program was developed by the staff in the Environmental Science Division (ESD) at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) at the request of the Y-12 Plant. The revision to the BMAP plan is based on results of biological monitoring conducted during the period of 1985 to present. Details of the specific procedures used in the current routine monitoring program are provided; experimental designs for future studies are described in less detail. The overall strategy used in developing this plan was, and continues to be, to use the results obtained from each task to define the scope of future monitoring efforts. Such efforts may require more intensive sampling than initially proposed in some areas (e.g., additional bioaccumulation monitoring if results indicate unexpectedly high PCBs or Hg) or a reduction in sampling intensity in others (e.g., reduction in the number of sampling sites …
Date:
September 1, 2000
Creator:
Adams, S. M.; Brandt, C. C.; Christensen, S. W.; Greeley, M. S. Jr.; Hill, W. R.; Peterson, M. J. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Quarterly Progress Report - Biological Monitoring Program for East Fork Poplar Creek
In May 1985, a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit was issued for the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant. As a condition of the permit, a Biological Monitoring and Abatement Program (BMAP) was developed to demonstrate that the effluent limitations established for the Y-12 Plant protect the classified uses of the receiving stream (East Fork Poplar Creek; EFPC), in particular, the growth and propagation of aquatic life (Loar et al. 1989). A second objective of the BMAP is to document the ecological effects resulting from the implementation of a water pollution control program designed to eliminate direct discharges of wastewaters to EFPC and to minimize the inadvertent release of pollutants to the environment. Because of the complex nature of the discharges to EFPC and the temporal and spatial variability in the composition of the discharges, a comprehensive, integrated approach to biological monitoring was developed. A new permit was issued to the Y-12 Plant on April 28, 1995 and became effective on July 1, 1995. Biological monitoring continues to be required under the new permit. The BMAP consists of four major tasks that reflect different but complementary approaches to evaluating the effects of the Y-12 Plant discharges on the aquatic integrity …
Date:
April 18, 2000
Creator:
Adams, S. M.; Christensen, S. W.; Greeley, M. S. Jr.; Hill, W. R.; McCarthy, J. F.; Peterson, M. J. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Quarterly Progress Report - Biological Monitoring Program for East Fork Poplar Creek
In May 1985, a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit was issued for the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant. As a condition of the permit, a Biological Monitoring and Abatement Program (BMAP) was developed to demonstrate that the effluent limitations established for the Y-12 Plant protect the classified uses of the receiving stream (East Fork Poplar Creek; EFPC), in particular, the growth and propagation of aquatic life (Loar et al. 1989). A second objective of the BMAP is to document the ecological effects resulting from the implementation of a water pollution control program designed to eliminate direct discharges of wastewaters to EFPC and to minimize the inadvertent release of pollutants to the environment. Because of the complex nature of the discharges to EFPC and the temporal and spatial variability in the composition of the discharges, a comprehensive, integrated approach to biological monitoring was developed. A new permit was issued to the Y-12 Plant on April 28, 1995 and became effective on July 1, 1995. Biological monitoring continues to be required under the new permit. The BMAP consists of four major tasks that reflect different but complementary approaches to evaluating the effects of the Y-12 Plant discharges on the aquatic integrity …
Date:
July 18, 2000
Creator:
Adams, S. M.; Christensen, S. W.; Greeley, M. S. Jr.; Hill, W. R.; Mccarthy, J. F.; Peterson, M. J. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Quarterly Progress Report - Biological Monitoring Program for East Fork Poplar Creek
In May 1985, a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit was issued for the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant. As a condition of the permit, a Biological Monitoring and Abatement Program (BMAP) was developed to demonstrate that the effluent limitations established for the Y-12 Plant protect the classified uses of the receiving stream (East Fork Poplar Creek; EFPC), in particular, the growth and propagation of aquatic life (Loar et al. 1989). A second objective of the BMAP is to document the ecological effects resulting from the implementation of a water pollution control program designed to eliminate direct discharges of wastewaters to EFPC and to minimize the inadvertent release of pollutants to the environment. Because of the complex nature of the discharges to EFPC and the temporal and spatial variability in the composition of the discharges, a comprehensive, integrated approach to biological monitoring was developed. A new permit was issued to the Y-12 Plant on April 28, 1995 and became effective on July 1, 1995. Biological monitoring continues to be required under the new permit. The BMAP consists of four major tasks that reflect different but complementary approaches to evaluating the effects of the Y-12 Plant discharges on the aquatic integrity …
Date:
October 18, 2000
Creator:
Adams, S. M.; Christensen, S. W.; Greeley, M. S. Jr; Hill, W. R.; McCarthy, J. F.; Peterson, M. J. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Verification survey of the hot cell facility site, General Atomics, San Diego, California
From 1958, General Atomics maintain a hot cell facility in support of government-funded research into reactor fuels. As the use of the facility declined, General Atomics entered into an agreement with DOE to dismantle the facility and decontaminate and decommission (D&D) the site so that it could made available for unrestricted use. The Environmental Survey and Site Assessment Program (ESSAP) was requested to verify the final radiological status of the D&D effort. This is the report of ESSAP survey and verification activities conducted at the San Diego site from November 1999 through March 2000.
Date:
June 30, 2000
Creator:
Adams, W. C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
High-Temperature Corrosion of Aluminum Alloys: Oxide-Alloy Interactions and Sulfur Interface Chemistry
The spallation of aluminum, chromium, and iron oxide scales is a chronic problem that critically impacts technological applications like aerospace, power plant operation, catalysis, petrochemical industry, and the fabrication of composite materials. The presence of interfacial impurities, mainly sulfur, has been reported to accelerate spallation, thereby promoting the high-temperature corrosion of metals and alloys. The precise mechanism for sulfur-induced destruction of oxides, however, is ambiguous. The objective of the present research is to elucidate the microscopic mechanism for the high-temperature corrosion of aluminum alloys in the presence of sulfur. Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), low energy electron diffraction (LEED), and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) studies were conducted under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions on oxidized sulfur-free and sulfur-modified Al/Fe and Ni3Al(111). Evaporative deposition of aluminum onto a sulfur-covered iron surface results in the insertion of aluminum between the sulfur adlayer and the substrate, producing an Fe-Al-S interface. Aluminum oxidation at 300 K is retarded in the presence of sulfur. Oxide destabilization, and the formation of metallic aluminum are observed at temperatures > 600 K when sulfur is located at the Al2O3-Fe interface, while the sulfur-free interface is stable up to 900 K. In contrast, the thermal stability (up to at least 1100 …
Date:
December 2000
Creator:
Addepalli, Swarnagowri
Object Type:
Thesis or Dissertation
System:
The UNT Digital Library
MAXIMA-1: A Measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropy on Angular Scales of 10' to 5 Degrees
We present a map and an angular power spectrum of the anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) from the first flight of MAXIMA. MAXIMA is a balloon-borne experiment with an array of 16 bolometric photometers operated at 100 mK. MAXIMA observed a 124 deg region of the sky with 10' resolution at frequencies of 150, 240 and 410 GHz. The data were calibrated using in-flight measurements of the CMB dipole anisotropy. A map of the CMB anisotropy was produced from three 150 and one 240 GHz photometer without need for foreground subtractions. Analysis of this CMB map yields a power spectrum for the CMB anisotropy over the range 36 {le} {ell} {le} 785. The spectrum shows a peak with an amplitude of 78 {+-} 6 {mu}K at {ell} {approx_equal} 220 and an amplitude varying between {approx} 40 {mu}K and {approx} 50 {mu}K for 400 {approx}< {ell} {approx}< 785.
Date:
October 2, 2000
Creator:
Ade, P.; Balbi, A.; Bock, J.; Borrill, J.; Boscaleri, A.; deBernardis, P. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Experience with copper oxide production in antiproton source components at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
The Antiproton (Pbar) Source at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory is a facility comprised of a target station, two rings called the Debuncher and Accumulator and the transport lines between those rings and the remainder of the particle accelerator complex. Water is by far the most common medium for carrying excess heat away from components, primarily electromagnets, in this facility. The largest of the water systems found in Pbar is the 95 degree Fahrenheit Low Conductivity Water (LCW) system. LCW is water which has had free ions removed, increasing its resistance to electrical current. This water circuit is used to cool magnets, power supplies, and stochastic cooling components and typically has a resistivity of 11--18 megaohms-cm. For more than ten years the Antiproton rings were plagued with overheating magnets due to plugged water-cooling channels. Various repairs have been tried over the years with no permanent success. Throughout all of this time, water samples have indicated copper oxide, CuO, as the source of the contamination. Matters came to a head in early 1997 following a major underground LCW leak between the Central Utilities Building and the Antiproton Rings enclosures. Over a span of several weeks following system turn-on, some twenty magnets overheated …
Date:
May 10, 2000
Creator:
Ader, Christine R.; Jr., Elvin R. Harms & Morgan, and James P.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Deepfield
Access:
Use of this item is restricted to the UNT Community
Recording of Mathew Adkins' Deepfield. This work was commissioned by the Césaré Musical Creation Studio at the Reims Planetarium and premiered there in 2000. The sounds in this work come from rocks of various sizes and gas cylinders, creating a sonar exploration of deep space and worlds unknown, inspired by the discoveries made with the Hubble telescope.
Date:
2000
Creator:
Adkins, Monty
Object Type:
Sound
System:
The UNT Digital Library