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Final Report of LDRD Project: An Electromagnetic Imaging System for Environmental Site Reconnaissance
This report provides a summary of the LDRD project titled: An Electromagnetic Imaging System for Environmental Site Reconnaissance. The major initial challenge of this LDRD was to develop a ground penetrating radar (GPR) whose peak and average radiated power surpassed that of any other in existence. Goals were set to use such a system to detect the following: (1) disrupted soil layers where there is potential for buried waste, (2) buried objects such as 55-gallon drums at depths up to 3 m, and (3) detecting contaminated soil. Initial modeling of the problem suggested that for soil conditions similar to Puerto Rican clay loam, moisture content 10 percent (conductivity = 0.01 mhos at 350 MHz), a buried 55-gallon drum could be detected in a straightforward manner by an UWB GPR system at a depth of 3 meters. From the simulations, the highest attenuation ({minus}50 dB) was the result of scattering from a 3-m deep vertically orientated drum. A system loss of {minus}100 dB is a typical limit for all kinds of radar systems (either direct time-domain or swept frequency). The modeling work also determined that the waveshape of the pulse scattered off the buried drum would be relatively insensitive to drum …
Date:
December 1, 2000
Creator:
Denison, G. J.; Loubriel, G. M.; Buttram, M. T.; Rinehart, L. F.; Helgeson, W.; Brown, D. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Final Report: Weighted Neighbor Data Mining
Data mining involves the discovery and fusion of features from large databases to establish minimal probability of error (MPE) decision and estimation models. Our approach combines a weighted nearest neighbor (WNN) decision model for classification and estimation with genetic algorithms (GA) for feature discovery and model optimization. The WNN model is used to provide a mathematical framework for adaptively discovering and fusing features into near-MPE decision algorithms. The GA is used to discover weighted features and select decision points for the WNN decision model to achieve near-MPE decisions. The performance of the WNN fusion model is demonstrated on the first of two very different problems to demonstrate its robust and practical application to a wide variety of data-mining problems. The first problem involves the isolation of factors that cause hepatitis C virus (HCV) and requires the evaluation of large databases to establish the critical features that can detect with minimal error whether a person is at risk of having HCV. This requires discovering and extracting relevant information (features) from a questionnaire database and combining (fusing) them to achieve a minimal error decision rule. The primary objective of the research is to develop a practical basis for fusing information from questionnaires …
Date:
December 1, 2000
Creator:
Carlson, J. J.; Muguira, M. R.; Jordan, J. B.; Flachs, G. M. & Peterson, A. K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Financial Audit Manual (Exposure Draft)
Guidance issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "This financial audit manual describes the methodology used by GAO and the President's Council on Integrity and Efficiency to perform financial statement audits of federal entities."
Date:
December 1, 2000
Creator:
United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type:
Text
System:
The UNT Digital Library
FINITE ELEMENT CALCULATIONS OF THE MIGHTY NORTH EVENT
The MIGHTY NORTH event was a precision high explosive test performed in jointed Salem limestone for a modeling verification and validation program sponsored by DTRA. The test bed was subjected to a cylindrical shock front, making the response applicable for comparison to 2-D plane strain computations. While other investigators modeled the rock response with various elastic-plastic failure criteria, we demonstrate that simple elastic-perfectly brittle response with a tensile failure criterion replicates the experiment quite well. This paper provides comparisons between results of numerical simulations of the test event and the published test bed response.
Date:
December 1, 2000
Creator:
Steedman, D. & Swift, R.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
FISSION PRODUCT YIELDS IN HYBRID (ADS) TARGET MATERIALS INDUCED BY HIGH-ENERGY PROTONS
Fission product cross sections of (p,f)-reaction in thin samples of {sup 208}Pb, {sup nat}HgO, {sup nat}W irradiated with high-energy protons are measured. The irradiations were made using proton beams extracted from the ITEP synchrotron. The nuclide yields were {gamma}-spectrometered directly using a high-resolution Ge-detector. The GENIE2000 code was used to process the measured {gamma}-spectra and the ITEP-developed SIGMA code was used together with the PCNUDAT nuclear decay database to identify the {gamma}-lines and to determine the cross-sections. The {sup 27}Al(p,x){sup 22}Na reaction was used to monitor the proton flux. The LAHET, CEM2k, CEM95, CASCADE/INPE, CASCADE, INUCL, and YIELDX codes were used for computer simulation of the products measured. Comparison of simulated and experimental values shows insufficient predictive power of the existing fission models. The results obtained are of importance in studying the parameters of the Pb, Hg and W target modules of the hybrid Accelerator-Driven System (ADS) facilities.
Date:
December 1, 2000
Creator:
others], Y. TITARENKO
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
A Formation Behavior for Large-Scale Micro-Robot Deployment
Micro-robots will soon be available for deployment by the thousands. Consequently, controlling and coordinating a force this large to accomplish a prescribed task is of great interest. This paper describes a flexible architecture for modeling thousands of autonomous agents simultaneously. The agents’ behavior is based on a subsumption architecture in which individual behaviors are prioritized with respect to all others. The primary behavior explored in this work is a group formation behavior based on social potential fields (Reif and Wang 1999). This paper extends the social potential field model by introducing a neutral zone within which other behaviors may exhibit themselves. Previous work with social potential fields has been restricted to models of “perfect” autonomous agents. The paper evaluates the effect of social potential fields in the presence of agent death (failure) and imperfect sensory input.
Date:
December 1, 2000
Creator:
Dudenhoeffer, Donald Dean & Jones, Michael Paul
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The fracture strength of plate and tubular forms of monolithic silicon carbide (SiC) produced by chemical vapor deposition (CVD)
The fracture strength of silicon carbide (SiC) plate deposits produced by Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) was determined from room-temperature to 1500 C using a standard 4-point flexural test method (ASTM Cl 161). CVD SiC materials produced by two different manufacturers are shown to have only slightly different flexural strength values, which appear to result from differences in microstructure. Although CVD deposition of SiC results in a textured grain structure, the flexural strength was shown to be independent of the CVD growth direction. The orientation of machining marks was shown to have the most significant influence on flexural strength, as expected. The fracture strength of tubular forms of SiC produced by CVD deposition directly onto a mandrel was comparable to flexural bars machined from a plate deposit. The tubular (o-ring) specimens were much smaller in volume than the flexural bars, and higher strength values are predicted based on Weibull statistical theory for the o-ring specimens. Differences in microstructure between the plate deposits and deposits made on a mandrel result in different flaw distributions and comparable strength values for the flexural bar and o-ring specimens. These results indicate that compression testing of o-rings provides a more accurate strength measurement for tubular product …
Date:
December 1, 2000
Creator:
Cockeram, B.V.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
From Atom-Picoseconds to Centimeter-Years in Simulation and Experiment
The final report for a Laboratory Directed Research and Development project entitled, ''From Atom-Picoseconds to Centimeter-Years in Simulation and Experiment'' is presented. In this project, separate modeling methods at the atomic scale were used to bridge gaps in time and space with higher scales. For understanding of continuum mechanics quantities at various scales atomistic simulations that ranged from nanometers to microns were performed and experiments from centimeters to millimeters were performed. Certain continuum mechanical quantities were clearly defined as a function of size scale, for example, the yield stress. Several techniques were used to extend the time scale of simulations, including calculating prefactors and activation energies for diffusion events and mapping complex atomic motions onto more tractable lattice models. In the case of transport of small molecules in polymeric and nanoporous materials, new Monte Carlo methods for sampling transition rates were developed.
Date:
December 1, 2000
Creator:
Horstemeyer, M. F.; Hamilton, J. C.; Thompson, A.; Baskes, M. I.; Plimpton, S. J.; Daruka, I. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
FURNACE INJECTION OF ALKALINE SORBENTS FOR SULFURIC ACID CONTROL
A test program is being sponsored by the US Department of Energy (DOE), EPRI, FirstEnergy, and TVA to investigate furnace injection of alkaline sorbents as a means of reducing sulfuric acid concentrations in the flue gas from coal-fired boilers. This test program is being conducted at the FirstEnergy Bruce Mansfield Plant (BMP), although later testing will be conducted at a TVA plant. A sorbent injection test was conducted the week of April 18, 2000. The test was the first of several short-term (one- to two-week duration) tests to investigate the effectiveness of various alkaline sorbents for sulfuric acid control and the effects of these sorbents on boiler equipment performance. This first short-term test investigated the effect of injecting dry dolomite powder (CaCO{sub 3} {center_dot} MgCO{sub 3}), a mineral similar to limestone, into the furnace of Unit 2. During the test program, various analytical techniques were used to assess the effects of sorbent injection. These primarily included sampling with the controlled condensation system (CCS) for determining flue gas SO{sub 3} content and an acid dew-point (ADP) meter for determining the sulfuric acid dew point (and, indirectly, the concentration of sulfuric acid) of the flue gas. EPA Reference Method 26a was used …
Date:
December 1, 2000
Creator:
Blythe, Gary M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
FURNACE INJECTION OF ALKALINE SORBENTS FOR SULFURIC ACID CONTROL
This document summarizes progress on the Cooperative Agreement DE-FC26-99FT40718, Furnace Injection of Alkaline Sorbents for Sulfuric Acid Control, during the time period April 1, 2000 through September 30, 2000. The objective of this project is to demonstrate the use of alkaline reagents injected into the furnace of coal-fired boilers as a means of controlling sulfuric acid emissions. The coincident removal of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid will also be determined, as will the removal of arsenic, a known poison for NOX selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalysts. EPRI, the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), First Energy Corporation, and the Dravo Lime Company are project co-funders. URS Corporation is the prime contractor. This is the second reporting period for the subject Cooperative Agreement. During this period, the first of four short-term sorbent injection tests were conducted at the First Energy Bruce Mansfield Plant. This test determined the effectiveness of dolomite injection through out-of-service burners as a means of controlling sulfuric acid emissions from this unit. The tests showed that dolomite injection could achieve up to 95% sulfuric acid removal. Balance of plant impacts on furnace slagging and fouling, air heater fouling, ash loss-on-ignition, and the flue gas desulfurization system were also determined. These …
Date:
December 1, 2000
Creator:
Blythe, Gary M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Game Trains roll on the Trinity Railway Express Dec. 6
News release about the Trinity Railway Express's "Game Train" to Dallas Mavericks home games.
Date:
December 1, 2000
Creator:
Lyons, Morgan
Object Type:
Text
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Gas Generation from Actinide Oxide Materials
This document captures relevant work performed in support of stabilization, packaging, and long term storage of plutonium metals and oxides. It concentrates on the issue of gas generation with specific emphasis on gas pressure and composition. Even more specifically, it summarizes the basis for asserting that materials loaded into a 3013 container according to the requirements of the 3013 Standard (DOE-STD-3013-2000) cannot exceed the container design pressure within the time frames or environmental conditions of either storage or transportation. Presently, materials stabilized and packaged according to the 3013 Standard are to be transported in certified packages (the certification process for the 9975 and the SAFKEG has yet to be completed) that do not rely on the containment capabilities of the 3013 container. Even though no reliance is placed on that container, this document shows that it is highly likely that the containment function will be maintained not only in storage but also during transportation, including hypothetical accident conditions. Further, this document, by summarizing materials-related data on gas generation, can point those involved in preparing Safety Analysis Reports for Packages (SARPs) to additional information needed to assess the ability of the primary containment vessel to contain the contents and any reaction …
Date:
December 1, 2000
Creator:
Bailey, George; Bluhm, Elizabeth; Lyman, John; Mason, Richard; Paffett, Mark; Polansky, Gary et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Gayly Oklahoman (Oklahoma City, Okla.), Vol. 18, No. 23, Ed. 1 Friday, December 1, 2000
Semi-monthly newspaper from Oklahoma City, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news and advertising of interest to the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) community.
Date:
December 1, 2000
Creator:
Hawkins, Don
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Gels for molecular recognition, accumulation and release. Final report, grant from DOE
The proposal was to establish a general principle with which polymer gels can specifically recognize a target molecule and reversibly change their affinity to the target by orders of magnitude. The polymer consists of two species of monomers, each having a different role. The majority monomer species control network density and make the gel to swell and shrink reversibly in response to an environmental change such as temperature. The minority monomers come into sufficient proximity to each other when the supporting gel shrinks and then they become able to function as multi-group absorption centers for the target molecules. This absorption can be switched on and off by the reversible gel phase transition. The multiple point absorption is the key, not only for reversibility, but also an essential ingredient for possible specificity of target recognition by polymers. Multivalent metal ions and multicharged pyranine are used as target molecules to demonstrate the principles, although the method will be applicable to a wide range of target molecules. The project established and demonstrated the guiding principles for design and synthesis of molecular recognition gels. Such gels should find use in a wide variety of applications including cleaning and recovery of chemicals from toxic waste, …
Date:
December 1, 2000
Creator:
Tanaka, Toyoichi
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Genetics in the courts
Various: (1)TriState 2000 Genetics in the Courts (2) Growing impact of the new genetics on the courts (3)Human testing (4) Legal analysis - in re G.C. (5) Legal analysis - GM ''peanots'', and (6) Legal analysis for State vs Miller
Date:
December 1, 2000
Creator:
Coyle, Heather & Drell, Dan
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
GENIE: A HYBRID GENETIC ALGORITHM FOR FEATURE CLASSIFICATION IN MULTI-SPECTRAL IMAGES
We consider the problem of pixel-by-pixel classification of a multi-spectral image using supervised learning. Conventional supervised classification techniques such as maximum likelihood classification and less conventional ones such as neural networks, typically base such classifications solely on the spectral components of each pixel. It is easy to see why the color of a pixel provides a nice, bounded, fixed dimensional space in which these classifiers work well. It is often the case however, that spectral information alone is not sufficient to correctly classify a pixel. Maybe spatial neighborhood information is required as well. Or may be the raw spectral components do not themselves make for easy classification, but some arithmetic combination of them would. In either of these cases we have the problem of selecting suitable spatial, spectral or spatio-spectral features that allow the classifier to do its job well. The number of all possible such features is extremely large. How can we select a suitable subset? We have developed GENIE, a hybrid learning system that combines a genetic algorithm that searches a space of image processing operations for a set that can produce suitable feature planes, and a more conventional classifier which uses those feature planes to output a …
Date:
December 1, 2000
Creator:
PERKINS, S. & AL, ET
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Grand initial value problem of high gain free electronlasers
Initial value problem is one of the cornerstones in the framework of high gain FEL theory. It determines the startup of FEL interaction from initial signal or noise in either laser field or electron beam. Yet, this problem was solved only for the cases without emittance and betatron oscillations. I present the first solution to the initial value problem in a grand scale by expanding the startup theory into the full six-dimensional phase space, deriving both general solution valid for any beam distribution and specific solution for a Gaussian model. One of the major results of this letter is the discovery of excessively large noise power for SASE.
Date:
December 1, 2000
Creator:
Xie, Ming
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Grandview Tribune (Grandview, Tex.), Vol. 106, No. 16, Ed. 1 Friday, December 1, 2000
Weekly newspaper from Grandview, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
December 1, 2000
Creator:
Bosher, Casey & Marten, Donna K.
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Grass Burr (Weatherford, Tex.), Vol. 79, No. 1, Ed. 1 Friday, December 1, 2000
Student newspaper of Weatherford High School in Weatherford, Texas that includes school news and information along with advertising.
Date:
December 1, 2000
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Groundtruth approach to accurate quantitation of fluorescence microarrays
To more accurately measure fluorescent signals from microarrays, we calibrated our acquisition and analysis systems by using groundtruth samples comprised of known quantities of red and green gene-specific DNA probes hybridized to cDNA targets. We imaged the slides with a full-field, white light CCD imager and analyzed them with our custom analysis software. Here we compare, for multiple genes, results obtained with and without preprocessing (alignment, color crosstalk compensation, dark field subtraction, and integration time). We also evaluate the accuracy of various image processing and analysis techniques (background subtraction, segmentation, quantitation and normalization). This methodology calibrates and validates our system for accurate quantitative measurement of microarrays. Specifically, we show that preprocessing the images produces results significantly closer to the known ground-truth for these samples.
Date:
December 1, 2000
Creator:
Mascio-Kegelmeyer, L.; Tomascik-Cheeseman, L.; Burnett, M. S.; van Hummelen, P. & Wyrobek, A. J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Guidelines for Computer Haptics Protein Simulations
None
Date:
December 1, 2000
Creator:
Mehlhorn, D.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Hanford Site Transuranic (TRU) Waste Certification Plan
As a generator of transuranic (TRU) and TRU mixed waste destined for disposal at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP), the Hanford Site must ensure that its TRU waste meets the requirements of US. Department of Energy (DOE) 0 435.1, ''Radioactive Waste Management,'' and the Contact-Handled (CH) Transuranic Waste Acceptance Criteria for the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP-WAC). WIPP-WAC requirements are derived from the WIPP Technical Safety Requirements, WIPP Safety Analysis Report, TRUPACT-II SARP, WIPP Land Withdrawal Act, WIPP Hazardous Waste Facility Permit, and Title 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 191/194 Compliance Certification Decision. The WIPP-WAC establishes the specific physical, chemical, radiological, and packaging criteria for acceptance of defense TRU waste shipments at WIPP. The WPP-WAC also requires that participating DOE TRU waste generator/treatment/storage sites produce site-specific documents, including a certification plan, that describe their program for managing TRU waste and TRU waste shipments before transferring waste to WIPP. Waste characterization activities provide much of the data upon which certification decisions are based. Waste characterization requirements for TRU waste and TRU mixed waste that contains constituents regulated under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) are established in the WIPP Hazardous Waste Facility Permit Waste Analysis Plan (WAP). The …
Date:
December 1, 2000
Creator:
GREAGER, T.M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
High Average Power Free-Electron Lasers - A New Source for Materials Processing
Material processing with lasers has grown greatly in the previous decade, with annual sales in excess of $1 B (US). In general, the processing consists of material removal steps such as drilling, cutting, as well as joining. Here lasers that are either cw or pulsed with pulsewidths in the mu-s time regime have done well. Some applications, such as the surface processing of polymers to improve look and feel, or treating metals to improve corrosion resistance, require the economical production of laser powers of the tens of kilowatts, and therefore are not yet commercial processes. The development of FELs based on superconducting RF (SRF) linac technology provides a scaleable path to laser outputs above 50 kW, rendering these applications economically viable, since the cost/photon drops as the output power increases. Such FELs will provide quasi-cw (PRFs in the tens of MHz), of ultrafast (pulsewidth {approx} 1 ps) output with very high beam quality. The first example of such an FEL is the IR Demo FEL at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Jefferson Lab), which produces nearly 2 kW of high average power on a routine basis. Housed in a multilaboratory user facility, we as well as members of our …
Date:
December 1, 2000
Creator:
Shinn, Michelle D.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
High Resolution Terrain Elevation Mapping Results from Airborne Cross-Track SAR Stereo
None
Date:
December 1, 2000
Creator:
Jakowatz, Charles V., Jr.; Yocky, David A. & Wahl, Daniel E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library