This report describes the research done under the six tasks to improve the process and make it more functional in an industrial environment. Task 1: Pattern Pyrolysis Products and Pattern Properties Task 2: Coating Quality Control Task 3: Fill and Solidification Code Task 4: Alternate Pattern Materials Task 5: Casting Distortion Task 6: Technology Transfer

This report consists of American Federalism, 1776 to 2000: Significant Events.

Approximately 700,000 MT of DUF{sub 6} is stored, or will be produced under a current agreement with the USEC, at the Paducah site in Kentucky, Portsmouth site in Ohio, and ETTP site in Tennessee. On July 21, 1998, the 105th Congress approved Public Law 105-204 (Ref; 1), which directed that facilities be built at the Kentucky and Ohio sites to convert DUF{sub 6} to a stable form for disposition. On July 6, 1999, the Department of Energy (DOE) issued the ''Final Plan for the Conversion of Depleted Uranium Hexafluoride as Required by Public Law 105-204 (Ref. 2), in which DOE committed to develop a Depleted Uranium Hexafluoride Materials Use Roadmap''. On September 1, 2000, DOE issued the Draft Depleted Uranium Hexafluoride Materials Use Roadmap (Ref. 3) (Roadmap), which provides alternate paths for the long-term storage, beneficial use, and eventual disposition of each product form and material that will result from the DUF{sub 6} conversion activity. One of the paths being considered for DUF{sub 6} cylinders is to reuse the empty cylinders as containers to transport and dispose of LLW, including the converted DU. The Roadmap provides results of the many alternate uses and disposal paths for conversion products and the …

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The current Tank Farm Contractor (TFC) for the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of River Protection (ORP), River Protection Project (RPP), CH2M Hill Hanford Group, Inc. (CHG), will use a computer based requirements management system. The system will serve as a tool to assist in identifying, capturing, and maintaining the Standards/Requirements Identification Document (S/RID) requirements and links to implementing procedures and other documents. By managing requirements as one integrated set, CHG will be able to carry out its mission more efficiently and effectively. CHG has chosen the Dynamic Object Oriented Requirements System (DOORS{trademark}) as the preferred computer based requirements management system. Accordingly, the S/RID program will use DOORS{trademark}. DOORS{trademark} will replace the Environmental Requirements Management Interface (ERMI) system as the tool for S/RID data management. The DOORS{trademark} S/RID test project currently resides on the DOORSTM test server. The S/RID project will be migrated to the DOORS{trademark} production server. After the migration the S/RID project will be considered a production project and will no longer reside on the test server.

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "Eight federal agencies now have teams that can respond to a terrorist attack involving chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear weapons. Each team varies in size, structure, geographical scope, and task. The teams do not duplicate one another. They have unique capabilities and functions, and many have experience dealing with different types of agents and weapons. The type of terrorist incident would determine which team would be most appropriate to respond. GAO found that federal agencies lack a coherent framework to develop and evaluate budget requirements for their response teams because there is no national strategy with clearly defined outcomes. To improve interagency cooperation, federal agencies have participated in several group activities. For example, the Weapons of Mass Destruction Interagency Steering Group, led by the Federal Emergency Management Agency, is identifying federal response teams that could respond to different terrorist scenarios. Federal, state, and local agencies have also participated in major field exercises that simulated urban terrorist acts. These efforts could go a long way toward improving the operational coordination of federal response teams."

Detailed dynamic simulations of three industrial distillation columns (a propylene/propane splitter, a xylene/toluene column, and a depropanizer) have been used to evaluate configuration selections for single-ended and dual-composition control, as well as to compare conventional and advanced control approaches. In addition, a simulator of a main fractionator was used to compare the control performance of conventional and advanced control. For each case considered, the controllers were tuned by using setpoint changes and tested using feed composition upsets. Proportional Integral (PI) control performance was used to evaluate the configuration selection problem. For single ended control, the energy balance configuration was found to yield the best performance. For dual composition control, nine configurations were considered. It was determined that the use of dynamic simulations is required in order to identify the optimum configuration from among the nine possible choices. The optimum configurations were used to evaluate the relative control performance of conventional PI controllers, MPC (Model Predictive Control), PMBC (Process Model-Based Control), and ANN (Artificial Neural Networks) control. It was determined that MPC works best when one product is much more important than the other, while PI was superior when both products were equally important. PMBC and ANN were not found to …

We have performed eleven AMOS (Azimuthal Mode Simulator)[1] code runs with a simple, right circular cylindrical accelerating cavity inserted into a circular, cylindrical, lossless beam pipe to calculate the real part of the n = 1(dipole) transverse wakefield impedance of this structure. We have compared this wakefield impedance in units of ohms/m(Wm) over the frequency range of 0-1 GHz to analytic predictions from Equation (2.3.8) of Briggs et al[2]. The results from Equation (2.3.8) were converted from the CGS units of statohms to the MKS units of ohms({Omega}) and then multiplied by (2{pi}f)/c = {Omega}/c = 2{pi}/{lambda}, where f is the frequency in Hz, c is the speed of light in vacuum in m/sec, {omega} is the angular frequency in radians/sec, and {lambda} is the wavelength in m. The dipole transverse wakefield impedance written to file from AMOS must be multiplied by c/o to convert it from units of {Omega}/m to units of {Omega}. The agreement between the AMOS runs and the analytic predictions are excellent for computational grids with square cells (dz = dr) and good for grids with rectangular cells (dz < dr). The quantity dz is the fixed-size axial grid spacing, and dr is the fixed-size radial …

The unqualified data addressed in this qualification report have been cited in an Analysis Model Report (AMR) to support the Site Recommendation in determining the suitability of Yucca Mountain as a repository for high-level radioactive waste. The unqualified data include precipitation volumes and surface geology maps The precipitation data consist of daily precipitation volumes measured at Yucca Mountain. The surface geology data include identification of the types and surface expressions of geologic units and associated structural features such as faults. These data were directly used in AMR U0010, Simulation of Net Infiltration for Modern and Potential Future Climates, ANL-NBS-HS-000032 (Hevesi et al. 2000), to estimate net infiltration into Yucca Mountain. This report evaluates the unqualified data within the context of supporting studies of this type for the Yucca Mountain Site Characterization Project (YMP). The purpose of this report is to identify data that can be cited as qualified for use in technical products to support the YMP Site Recommendation and that may also be used to support the License Application. The qualified data may either be retained in the original Data Tracking Number (DTN) or placed in new DTNs generated as a result of the evaluation. The appropriateness and limitations …

The purpose of this report is to lay the groundwork for an emerging process to assess U.S. geothermal resources that might be suitable for development as Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS). Interviews of leading geothermists indicate that doing that will be intertwined with updating assessments of U.S. higher-quality hydrothermal resources and reviewing methods for discovering ''hidden'' hydrothermal and EGS resources. The report reviews the history and status of assessment of high-temperature geothermal resources in the United States. Hydrothermal, Enhanced, and Hot Dry Rock resources are addressed. Geopressured geothermal resources are not. There are three main uses of geothermal resource assessments: (1) They inform industry and other interest parties of reasonable estimates of the amounts and likely locations of known and prospective geothermal resources. This provides a basis for private-sector decisions whether or not to enter the geothermal energy business at all, and for where to look for useful resources. (2) They inform government agencies (Federal, State, local) of the same kinds of information. This can inform strategic decisions, such as whether to continue to invest in creating and stimulating a geothermal industry--e.g., through research or financial incentives. And it informs certain agencies, e.g., Department of Interior, about what kinds of tactical …

Research using the Advanced Light Source Spectro-microscopy facility is described. Three closely related techniques, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, x-ray absorption spectroscopy, and x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, have become widely accepted as important tools for the study of the chemical composition and electronic properties of surfaces, overlayers, and interfaces. There is now a major effort to push these spectroscopic techniques into a new realm of applications with very high spatial resolution, at and below 1 micron. This results in a new set of probes which can create images of chemical composition with great subtlety. The field is growing rapidly as high brightness sources of x-rays become available. This 6 month project was used to initiate research applications of soft x-ray spectro-microscopes at the Advanced Light Source. Due to its short duration, only preliminary results were obtained. The term ''spectromicroscopy'' is an ugly and unwieldy word to impose on an experimental endeavor, but it has been adopted by a number of disciplines and is likely to remain in use for some time. The word is obviously a contraction of the phrase ''spectroscopic microscopy,'' but there is also a distinction sometimes made between this, and the reverse combination, ''microscopic spectroscopy'', or ''microspectroscopy''. Microspectroscopy is a …

Strength and durability of adhesive bonding of aluminum alloys structures are intrinsically determined by the surface microstructures and interfacial failure micromechanisms. The current project presents a multidisciplinary approach to addressing critical issues controlling the strength and durability of adhesive bonds of aluminum alloys. Three main thrust areas have been pursued: surface treatment technology development to achieve desirable surface microstructures; relationship between surface structure and properties of adhesive bonds; and failure mechanisms of adhesively bonded components.

This document communicates the planned implementation of the Systems Engineering processes and products for the SST retrieval projects as defined in the Systems Engineering Management Plan for the Tank Farm Contractor.

In March 2000, DOE-Headquarters (HQ) requested the Tanks Focus Area (TFA) to assume management responsibility for the Salt Processing Project technology development program at Savannah River Site. The TFA was requested to conduct several activities, including review and revision of the technology development roadmaps, development of down-selection criteria, and preparation of a comprehensive Research and Development (R&D) Program Plan for three candidate cesium removal technologies, as well as the Alpha and strontium removal processes that must also be carried out. The three cesium removal candidate technologies are Crystalline Silicotitanate (CST) Non-Elutable Ion Exchange, Caustic Side Solvent Extraction (CSSX), and Small Tank Tetraphenylborate Precipitation (STTP). This plan describes the technology development needs for each process that must be satisfied in order to reach a down-selection decision, as well as continuing technology development required to support conceptual design activities.

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) could save millions of dollars by systematically consolidating food production, employing Veterans Canteen Service workers to provide inpatient food services, and using competitive sourcing. VA already has experience in implementing these options at several locations, although VA's experience with food service contractors is limited. Using a systematic approach to assess available options at each location would allow VA to provide food service at the lowest cost while maintaining quality."

A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) runs 67 laundries that serve patients in its hospitals, nursing homes, and domiciliaries. Most of the operating costs for these laundries are for labor. VA could reduce these costs by closing 13 of its 67 facilities and moving those workloads to its underused laundries. VA could make more efficient use of its existing facilities and save money by closing costly laundries that require expensive renovations and new equipment. In addition, VA could make greater use of competitive sourcing to keep costs down. GAO's review of current VA laundry contracts showed that labor costs were significantly reduced. Furthermore, competing VA in-house services with the private sector would ensure that VA would receive the most efficient and lowest-cost laundry service."

The purpose of this analysis is to provide an engineering excavation and ground support design for the Busted Butte phase II mine back. The analysis will apply engineering practices and previous proven design methods for pillar design and ground support in accordance with applicable Integrated Safety Management principles and functions. The scope of this analysis is limited to the Busted Butte Test Facility. The intended use of this analysis is to provide testing excavation boundaries, ground support and pillar design input to drawing(s) to support test operations implementation. This design activity has been prepared under ''Technical Work Plan For Test Facilities Design FY01 Work Activities'' (TWP) (CRWMS M&O 2000b). No deviations from the TWP have been necessary for this analysis.

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To evaluate the potential impact and effectiveness of agricultural mitigation strategies for reducing nitrous oxide and methane emissions, a database was developed from publicly available data on nitrous oxide and methane emissions, land use, country identification codes, and population densities.

This is the final report on grant DE-FG05-96ER40979 from the US Department of Energy supporting the research of the Theoretical High Energy Physics group at the Supercomputer Computations Research Institute (SCRI) at Florida State University. The research primarily involved lattice field theory simulations such as Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). Although QCD is generally accepted as the theory which describes the strong interactions responsible for nuclear binding, convincing computations of the properties of the elementary particles from first principles are still elusive. The problem lies in the fact that for data at the low energies involved ({approx} 1 GeV), the coupling constant in QCD is large, preventing application of the physicist's usual tool, perturbation theory. Non-perturbative computations are necessary and they appear possible only via large scale numerical simulations. Especially simulations of full QCD, including the effect of light dynamical quarks, are extremely CPU time consuming. The scientists in SCRI's lattice gauge theory group have been in the forefront of such numerical simulations since the inception of SCRI in 1985. A major research topic was the study of improved lattice actions, designed to diminish finite lattice spacing effects and thus accelerate the approach to the continuum limit. Most of this work was …

This report discusses the “oil-for-food” program which represents a longstanding U.N. Security Council effort to alleviate human suffering in Iraq while maintaining pressure on the Iraqi government to comply with all relevant U.N. Security Council resolutions.

Report about the rights and resources available to people with disabilities in Texas.

The momentum and orbit length of beam on the central and extraction orbits of the Antiproton Source Accumulator are calculated from measurements of revolution frequency and transverse beam position. This report gives the results of measurements made at the stacking energy before and after the 1998-99 Accumulator lattice upgrade. Before the lattice upgrade, the Accumulator central orbit length and momentum are measured to be: L{sub c} = 474.0433 {+-} 0.0025 m, p{sub c} = 8819.5 {+-} 4.1 MeV/c. After the lattice upgrade the central orbit length and momentum are measured to be: L{sub c} = 474.0532 {+-} 0.0016 m, p{sub c} = 8803.4 {+-} 2.7 MeV/c. The extraction orbit length and momentum prior to the lattice upgrade are measured to be: L{sub e} = 474.1916 {+-} 0.0054 m, p{sub e} = 8900.8 {+-} 9.2 MeV/c. After the lattice upgrade the extraction orbit length and momentum are measured to be: L{sub e} = 474.1599 {+-} 0.0036 m, p{sub e} = 8886.3 {+-} 6.1 MeV/c.

A specific Alcator C-Mod discharge from the series of divertor baffling experiments is simulated with the DEGAS 2 Monte Carlo neutral transport code. A simple two-point plasma model is used to describe the plasma variation between Langmuir probe locations. A range of conductances for the bypass between the divertor plenum and the main chamber are considered. The experimentally observed insensitivity of the neutral current flowing through the bypass and of the D alpha emissions to the magnitude of the conductance is reproduced. The current of atoms in this regime is being limited by atomic physics processes and not the bypass conductance. The simulated trends in the divertor pressure, bypass current, and D alpha emission agree only qualitatively with the experimental measurements, however. Possible explanations for the quantitative differences are discussed.