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Accident Prevention under the Clean Air Act Section 112(r): Risk Management Planning by Propane Users and Internet Access to Worst-Case Accident Scenarios (open access)

Accident Prevention under the Clean Air Act Section 112(r): Risk Management Planning by Propane Users and Internet Access to Worst-Case Accident Scenarios

This report briefly describes two issues associated with EPA implementation of risk management planning requirements in the Clean Air Act Section 112(r): whether dealers and distributors of propane and other flammable fuels should be covered by the law, and whether electronic access to off-site consequence analyses (OCA), and especially worst-case analyses, should be restricted to avoid misuse by terrorists or criminals. These issues are addressed by S. 880, as reported, and H.R. 1301 in the 106th Congress. The statutory requrrements and EPA implementation to date also are described. Covered facilities must submit risk management plans by June 21, 1999. This product will be updated when events warrant. For information on the status of legislation, see CRS Issue Brief lB10004, Clean Air Act Issues in the 106th Congress.
Date: June 10, 1999
Creator: Schierow, Linda-Jo
System: The UNT Digital Library
Adult Education and Family Literacy Act, Title II of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998, P.L. 105-220 (open access)

Adult Education and Family Literacy Act, Title II of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998, P.L. 105-220

This report is concerned with the federal adult education and literacy programs authorized by the Adult Education and Family Literacy Act (AEFLA). The report covers funding and spending in the program and how it is budgeted. The report also discusses the consequences of the AEFLA repealing the Adult Education Act (AEA) but continuing some of the programs that were under it.
Date: March 25, 1999
Creator: Irwin, Paul M.
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Advanced Technology Program (open access)

The Advanced Technology Program

The Advanced Technology Program (ATP) was created by P.L. 100-418, the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988, to encourage public-private cooperation in the development of pre-competitive technologies with broad application across industries. This activity has been targeted for elimination as a means to cut federal spending. This report discusses the ATP and related issues of federal appropriations (or the lack thereof).
Date: August 10, 1999
Creator: Schacht, Wendy H.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Afghanistan: Connections to Islamic Movements In Central and South Asia and Southern Russia (open access)

Afghanistan: Connections to Islamic Movements In Central and South Asia and Southern Russia

After several years of relative peace in Central Asia and southern Russia, Islamic extremist movements have become more active in Russia and in Central and South Asia, threatening stability in the region. Although numerous factors might account for the upsurge in activity, several of these movements appear to have connections to the Islamic fundamentalist Taliban regime in Afghanistan. These linkages raise questions about whether the United States, as part of a broader effort to promote peace and stability in the region, should continue to engage the Taliban regime, or strongly confront it. This report will be updated as events warrant.
Date: December 7, 1999
Creator: Katzman, Kenneth
System: The UNT Digital Library
Air Quality and Motor Vehicles: An Analysis of Current and Proposed Emission Standards (open access)

Air Quality and Motor Vehicles: An Analysis of Current and Proposed Emission Standards

The extent to which emissions from motor vehicles and the amount of sulfur in commercial gasoline should be regulated has become a controversial issue. The EPA is proposing national limits on gasoline sulfur levels which would become effective in 2004. This report provides background information on the regulation of vehicle emissions in the United States, analyzes key elements of the National Low Emission Vehicle (LEV) program and the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Tier 2 proposal, summarizes major views on the proposal that have been expressed by the automobile industry, the oil refining industry, and some environmental organizations, and discusses relevant legislative activity in the 106th Congress.
Date: September 2, 1999
Creator: Bearden, David M.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Air Quality and Vehicle Emission Standards: An Overview of the National Low Emission Vehicle Program and Related Issues (open access)

Air Quality and Vehicle Emission Standards: An Overview of the National Low Emission Vehicle Program and Related Issues

This report provides background information on federal emission standards for motor vehicles under the Clean Air Act and stricter standards originally developed to address the severity of air quality problems in California, explains the low emission standards and flexible compliance mechanisms to which states and manufacturers have voluntarily agreed under the National Low Emission Vehicle (LEV) Program, discusses the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) estimates of the program's air quality benefits and costs, and examines regulatory issues related to its implementation including sulfur levels in gasoline and the relative stringency of emission standards for light trucks.
Date: January 4, 1999
Creator: Bearden, David M.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Air Quality: EPA's Ozone Transport Rule, OTAG, and Section 216 Petitions - A Hazy Situation? (open access)

Air Quality: EPA's Ozone Transport Rule, OTAG, and Section 216 Petitions - A Hazy Situation?

The 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments provided the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the states with new tool to address the problem of interstate transport of air pollutants. This report discusses the actions undertaken as a direct result of this act, additional pollution reduction enforcement measures pursued by the EPA, and actions undertaken by states to reduce offending emissions not in compliance with these measures.
Date: June 15, 1999
Creator: Parker, Larry & Blodgett, John E.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Alcohol Fuels Tax Incentive (open access)

Alcohol Fuels Tax Incentive

This report discusses federal tax subsidies for alcohol transportation fuels, as well as legislative actions underway to repeal, extend, or reduce them.
Date: June 23, 1999
Creator: Lazzari, Salvatore
System: The UNT Digital Library
Algeria: A New President and His Policies (open access)

Algeria: A New President and His Policies

This report details concerns surrounding the election of Abdulaziz Bouteflika to the presidency of Algeria in 1999. Specifically, the opposing party labeled the election as corrupt. After seven years of civil war Bouteflika proposed a civil concord and is restoring Algerian foreign relations to what they once were. Currently, the relationship between the U.S. and Algeria looks positive for the foreseeable future.
Date: August 24, 1999
Creator: Migdalovitz, Carol
System: The UNT Digital Library
Allocations and Subdivisions in the Congressional Budget Process (open access)

Allocations and Subdivisions in the Congressional Budget Process

This report briefly explains how the annual budget resolution sets forth total spending and revenue levels, which are then allocated to the appropriate House and Senate committees, which in turn help Congress determine how best to enforce spending once a budget resolution is adopted.
Date: April 5, 1999
Creator: Heniff, Bill, Jr.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Alternative Trading Systems: Will Computers Replace Stock Exchanges? (open access)

Alternative Trading Systems: Will Computers Replace Stock Exchanges?

This report consists of alternative trading systems: Will Computers Replace Stock Exchanges?
Date: May 27, 1999
Creator: Jickling, Mark
System: The UNT Digital Library
Amendments Between the Houses (open access)

Amendments Between the Houses

This report describes the process whereby the House and the Senate revise measures to be identical before sending them to the president.
Date: February 19, 1999
Creator: Saturno, James V.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Amendments Between the Houses (open access)

Amendments Between the Houses

This report briefly summarizes the process of amendments between the House of Representatives and the Senate, which occurs if the House and Senate approve differing versions of a measure. An exchange of amendments between the houses resolves these differences.
Date: February 19, 1999
Creator: Saturno, James V.
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Americans with Disabilities Act and Rights to Community Care: Olmstead v. L.C. (open access)

The Americans with Disabilities Act and Rights to Community Care: Olmstead v. L.C.

This report addresses the issue of whether the public treatment for the plaintiff mentally disadbled persons in community placement when such treatment could be provided in a state mental institute.
Date: January 25, 1999
Creator: Jones, Nancy Lee
System: The UNT Digital Library
Amtrak and Energy Conservation: Background and Selected Public Policy Issues (open access)

Amtrak and Energy Conservation: Background and Selected Public Policy Issues

A rationale for federal financial support to Amtrak has been that rail service conserves energy, compared to other forms of intercity passenger transportation. The numbers discussed in this report suggest that the rationale might not be valid with regard to autos and buses. The report discusses some public policy implications that could follow from that conclusion.
Date: January 19, 1999
Creator: Thompson, Stephen J.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Amtrak: Background and Selected Public Policy Issues (open access)

Amtrak: Background and Selected Public Policy Issues

This report discusses the financial troubles of Amtrak, its request for federal financial operating assistance, the Amtrack Reform and Accountability Act of 1997, Amtrak's Strategic Business Plan for FY1999-2002, Amtrak's operating losses, and other rail passenger services that might emerge in the absence of Amtrak, should the company fail.
Date: March 2, 1999
Creator: Thompson, Stephen J.
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Amtrak Reform and Accountability Act of 1997 and Related Developments (open access)

The Amtrak Reform and Accountability Act of 1997 and Related Developments

The Amtrak Reform and Accountability Act of 1997, enacted December 2, 1997, authorized appropriations to Amtrak through FY2002. This CRS report summarizes the provisions of the Act and discusses related developments.
Date: January 28, 1999
Creator: Thompson, Stephen J.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Animal Agriculture: Issues for the 106th Congress (open access)

Animal Agriculture: Issues for the 106th Congress

This report discusses a variety of animal agriculture issues that generated debate during the 106th Congress, including low livestock prices, especially for hogs. Economic difficulties have revived questions such as the impacts of consolidation in the livestock industry, and the price effects of animal imports from Canada and Mexico. This report also discusses a number of legislative proposals to assist livestock producers and enforce sanitary and phytosanitary standards, as well as continuing trade disputes and negotiations with China, the European Union, New Zealand, and Australia.
Date: September 2, 1999
Creator: Becker, Geoffrey S.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Animal Waste Management and the Environment: Background for Current Issues (open access)

Animal Waste Management and the Environment: Background for Current Issues

This report addresses the Background and the then current issues related to Animal Waste Management and the Environment.This background report describes the livestock production industry along with the public health and environmental concerns related to the industry.
Date: April 26, 1999
Creator: Copeland, Claudia & Zinn, Jeffrey
System: The UNT Digital Library
Appropriations Bills: What are "General Provisions"? (open access)

Appropriations Bills: What are "General Provisions"?

An annual appropriations act generally consists of two parts – paragraphs providing funding, and general provisions focusing on non-funding as well as funding issues. Discussed on this brief fact sheet are what is found in general provisions of appropriations bills.
Date: February 11, 1999
Creator: Streeter, Sandy
System: The UNT Digital Library
Appropriations for FY1999: An Overview (open access)

Appropriations for FY1999: An Overview

This is a funding level summary of each of the 13 annual appropriation acts for FY1999 appears in the summaries of annual appropriations spending section of this report.
Date: January 4, 1999
Creator: Anderson, J. Michael
System: The UNT Digital Library
Appropriations for FY1999: An Overview (open access)

Appropriations for FY1999: An Overview

None
Date: April 28, 1999
Creator: Anderson, J. Michael
System: The UNT Digital Library
Appropriations for FY1999: An Overview (open access)

Appropriations for FY1999: An Overview

Appropriations are one part of a complex federal budget process that includes budget resolutions, appropriations (regular, supplemental, and continuing) bills, rescissions, and budget reconciliation bills. This report is a guide to CRS reports that provide analytical perspectives on the 13 annual appropriations bills, and other related appropriation measures. It does not include a detailed explanation or description of the budget or appropriations processes.
Date: April 28, 1999
Creator: Anderson, J. Michael
System: The UNT Digital Library
Appropriations for FY1999: Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies (open access)

Appropriations for FY1999: Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies

This report tracks action by the 105th Congress on FY1999 appropriations for the Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and other related agencies.
Date: January 27, 1999
Creator: Knight, Edward
System: The UNT Digital Library