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Managing Farm Risk in a New Policy Era (open access)

Managing Farm Risk in a New Policy Era

This report discusses the enhancements to the crop insurance and revenue insurance programs that are expected to be considered by the 106th Congress in order to improve the farm financial safety net and preclude the need for ad hoc legislative assistance.
Date: January 22, 1999
Creator: Chite, Ralph M. & Jickling, Mark
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Air Quality and Vehicle Emission Standards: An Overview of the National Low Emission Vehicle Program and Related Issues (open access)

Air Quality and Vehicle Emission Standards: An Overview of the National Low Emission Vehicle Program and Related Issues

This report provides background information on federal emission standards for motor vehicles under the Clean Air Act and stricter standards originally developed to address the severity of air quality problems in California, explains the low emission standards and flexible compliance mechanisms to which states and manufacturers have voluntarily agreed under the National Low Emission Vehicle (LEV) Program, discusses the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) estimates of the program's air quality benefits and costs, and examines regulatory issues related to its implementation including sulfur levels in gasoline and the relative stringency of emission standards for light trucks.
Date: January 4, 1999
Creator: Bearden, David M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Global Climate Change: Carbon Emissions and End-Use Energy Demand (open access)

Global Climate Change: Carbon Emissions and End-Use Energy Demand

This report presents an analysis of the potential impacts of the Kyoto Protocol on U.S. energy demand. The analysis focuses on 27 common end-uses — light duty vehicles, residential space heating, industrial direct process heat, etc. — that describe the way energy is used in the United States
Date: January 20, 1999
Creator: Rowberg, Richard E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Budget FY1999: A Chronology with Internet Access (open access)

Budget FY1999: A Chronology with Internet Access

This is a select chronology of, and a finding guide for information on, congressional and presidential actions and documents related to major budget events in calendar year 1998, covering the FY1999 budget. Brief information is provided for the President’s budget, congressional budget resolutions, appropriations measures (regular, continuing, supplementals, and rescissions), budget reconciliation, House and Senate votes, line-item vetoes, publications, testimony, charts, and tables.
Date: January 4, 1999
Creator: Bley, Mary Frances
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Rural Water Supply and Sewer Systems: Background Information (open access)

Rural Water Supply and Sewer Systems: Background Information

The Safe Drinking Water Act and the Clean Water Act impose requirements regarding drinking water quality and wastewater treatment in rural areas. Approximately 27% of the U.S. population lives in areas defined by the Census Bureau as rural. Many rural communities need to complete water and waste disposal projects to improve the public health and environmental conditions of their citizens
Date: January 20, 1999
Creator: Copeland, Claudia
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Grants and Foundations: Selected Print, Electronic, and Internet Sources on Government and Private Funding (open access)

Grants and Foundations: Selected Print, Electronic, and Internet Sources on Government and Private Funding

This report describes more than 35 print, electronic, and Internet sources of information on financial support, and lists a few of the current general guides to writing grant proposals.
Date: January 6, 1999
Creator: Tehan, Rita
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Manufacturing, Technology, and Competitiveness (open access)

Manufacturing, Technology, and Competitiveness

This report discusses increases in the productivity of American firms to maintain competitiveness in the international marketplace.
Date: January 12, 1999
Creator: Schacht, Wendy H.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Electricity Restructuring Background: Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935 (PUHCA) (open access)

Electricity Restructuring Background: Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935 (PUHCA)

This report provides background information on PUHCA, including its history and impact. It also discusses how PUHCA reform fits into the current electric utility industry restructuring debate. This report will be updated as events warrant. For related information on electricity restructuring, see the CRS Electronic Briefing Book.
Date: January 7, 1999
Creator: Abel, Amy
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
House Committee Markup: Preparation (open access)

House Committee Markup: Preparation

Markups provide Members on a committee an opportunity to change parts of a bill prior to its consideration by the full House. A number of administrative, procedural, and substantive steps must be undertaken in preparation for a markup, and other steps could or should be undertaken. Generally, the markup should be strategically planned to minimize controversy, provide Members with political dividends, and position the committee for future action. This report is intended as a guide for various tasks that could be accomplished by committee staff in order to prepare a smooth committee markup.
Date: January 11, 1999
Creator: Schneider, Judy
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
House Committee Jurisdiction and Referral: Rules and Practice (open access)

House Committee Jurisdiction and Referral: Rules and Practice

This report briefly discusses the factors that determine House committee jurisdiction and more specifically House Rule X.
Date: January 21, 1999
Creator: Schneider, Judy
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Sponsorship and Cosponsorship of House Bills (open access)

Sponsorship and Cosponsorship of House Bills

None
Date: January 21, 1999
Creator: Sachs, Richard C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
House Committee Markup: Reporting (open access)

House Committee Markup: Reporting

At the end of the amendment process, the chair normally entertains a motion to report a measure favorably to the House. This report addresses the procedural options committees have regarding the form of reporting, such as what happens to amendments adopted in markup, as well as other considerations at the time of reporting.
Date: January 11, 1999
Creator: Schneider, Judy
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
House Rules Governing Committee Markup Procedures (open access)

House Rules Governing Committee Markup Procedures

This report provides general guidance to committees for conducting meetings to mark up legislation.
Date: January 27, 1999
Creator: Bach, Stanley
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
House Committee Markup: Amendment Procedure (open access)

House Committee Markup: Amendment Procedure

This report briefly discusses committee markups in the House of Representatives. The essential purpose of a committee markup is to determine whether a measure pending before a committee should be altered, or amended, in any substantive way. Of course, committees do not actually amend measures; instead a committee votes on which amendments it wishes to recommend to the House.
Date: January 11, 1999
Creator: Schneider, Judy
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
House Committees: Assignment Process? (open access)

House Committees: Assignment Process?

This report briefly discusses House Committee assignments, examining the process and assessing its effects.
Date: January 21, 1999
Creator: Schneider, Judy
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Instructing House Conferees (open access)

Instructing House Conferees

This report describes the process of reaching the final agreement between house and senate over the final version of a bill that the two houses have passes in different forms.
Date: January 27, 1999
Creator: Bach, Stanley
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Bills and Resolutions: Examples of How Each Kind is Used (open access)

Bills and Resolutions: Examples of How Each Kind is Used

This report provides background information regarding the bill and joint resolution, which must be passed by both houses in identical form, then presented to the President for his approval or disapproval.
Date: January 27, 1999
Creator: Beth, Richard S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Bills, Resolutions, Nominations, and Treaties: Origins, Deadlines, Requirements, and Uses (open access)

Bills, Resolutions, Nominations, and Treaties: Origins, Deadlines, Requirements, and Uses

In addition to bill and/or joint resolution this report presents two other acts of congress; 1) nominations and 2) treaties. It also discusses the characteristics and uses of six different kind of business before Congress, such as designation, origin, deadline for action, requirements for approval, and use.
Date: January 22, 1999
Creator: Beth, Richard S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Committee System Rules Changes in the House, 106th Congress (open access)

Committee System Rules Changes in the House, 106th Congress

This fact sheet details changes in the committee system contained in H. Res. 5, the rules of the House for the 106th Congress
Date: January 22, 1999
Creator: Schneider, Judy
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Environmental Reauthorizations and Regulatory Reform: From the 104th Congress to the 106th (open access)

Environmental Reauthorizations and Regulatory Reform: From the 104th Congress to the 106th

The 104th Congress pursued efforts to reform environmental regulations on several fronts: (1) revising regulatory decision making processes; (2) attaching specific reforms to funding bills; (3) establishing a House corrections day calendar of bills addressing specific regulatory problems; and (4) incorporating regulatory reforms into individual program reauthorization bills. The 105th Congress has pursued regulatory reform in four primary directions: (1) proposals to establish a comprehensive cost-benefit/risk analysis framework for regulatory programs, (2) private property “takings” initiatives, (3) amendments and reforms directed at individual environmental statutes, and (4) oversight of environmental programs.
Date: January 8, 1999
Creator: Blodgett, John E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Electric Utility Restructuring: Overview of Basic Policy Questions (open access)

Electric Utility Restructuring: Overview of Basic Policy Questions

Proposals to increase competition in the electric utility industry involve segmenting electric functions (generation, transmission, distribution) that are currently integrated (or bundled) in most cases (both in terms of corporate and rate structures). This report identifies five basic issues this effort raises for the Congress to consider as the debate on restructuring proceeds.
Date: January 7, 1999
Creator: Parker, Larry
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Environmental Risk and Cost-Benefit Analysis: A Review of Proposed Legislative Mandates, 1993-1998 (open access)

Environmental Risk and Cost-Benefit Analysis: A Review of Proposed Legislative Mandates, 1993-1998

Between 1993 and 1998 Congress considered many proposals that aimed to increase or improve the use of risk analysis by federal agencies, especially in developing environmental rules. This report describes differences and similarities among selected provisions of key proposals: Senate-passed Johnston amendments to S. 171 and S. 2019 in the 103rd Congress; S. 343, as reported by the Committee on the Judiciary, in the 104th Congress; House-passed H.R. 9 in the 104th Congress; S. 981, as reported by the Committee on Governmental Affairs, in the 105th Congress, and S. 1728, as introduced, in the 105th Congress.
Date: January 22, 1999
Creator: Schierow, Linda-Jo
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Restructuring DOE and Its Laboratories: Issues in the 105th Congress (open access)

Restructuring DOE and Its Laboratories: Issues in the 105th Congress

Interest in restructuring (including eliminating) the Department of Energy (DOE) and its laboratories has increased since the end of the Cold War, and especially since the beginning of the 104th Congress.
Date: January 14, 1999
Creator: Boesman, William C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Inflation and the Real Minimum Wage: Fact Sheet (open access)

Inflation and the Real Minimum Wage: Fact Sheet

Because the minimum wage is not indexed to the price level, it has been legislatively increased from time to time to make up for the loss in its real value due to inflation. In nominal terms, the minimum wage has risen steadily since 1938 from 25 cents an hour to $5.15 where it now stands. But the legislated adjustments to the minimum wage have occurred at irregular intervals. As a result, there has been significant variation in the purchasing power of the minimum wage.
Date: January 27, 1999
Creator: Cashell, Brian W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library