A subsurface imaging system is utilized to test the ability of the spectral polarization difference imaging technique for deep subsurface imaging in tissues. The illumination of the system is derived from compact class III lasers in the red and NIR spectral region and, alternatively, from a white light source and selection of the appropriate illumination wavelength using band-pass optical filters. The experimental results demonstrate detection and imaging of a high-scattering object located up to 1.5 cm underneath the surface of a host chicken tissue.

We show that the signal and idler beams generated by certain types of unseeded, nanosecond optical parametric oscillators are tilted and angularly dispersed and have anomalously large bandwidths. This effect is demonstrated in both laboratory measurements and a numerical model. We show how the optical cavity design influences the tilts and how they can be eliminated or minimized. We also determine the conditions necessary to injection seed these parametric oscillators.

Student newspaper of the University of Oklahoma in Norman, Oklahoma that includes national, local, and campus news along with advertising.

Galerkin methods are used in separable Hilbert spaces to construct and compute L{sup 2} [0,{pi}] solutions to large classes of differential equations. In this note a Galerkin method is used to construct series solutions of a nonhomogeneous Sturm-Liouville problem defined on [0,{pi}]. The series constructed are shown to converge to a specified du Bois-Reymond function f in L{sup 2} [0,{pi}]. It is then shown that the series solutions can be made to converge uniformly to the specified du Bois-Reymond function when averaged by the Ces{'a}ro-one summability method. Therefore, in the Ces{'a}ro-one sense, every continuous function f on [0,{pi}] is the uniform limit of solutions of nonhomogeneous Sturm-Liouville problems.

Weekly newspaper from Harper, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.

The X1 accelerator project at Sandia National Laboratory/New Mexico utilizes SF6 insulated, multi-stage, UV laser triggered gas switches. A 265 nm UV laser system was designed and built to generate eight simultaneous output pulses of 10 mJ each with a 13 nsec pulse width. A 1061 nm solid-state Nd:Cr:GSGG laser was frequency quadrupled using a two-stage doubling process. The 1061 nm fundamental laser energy was frequency doubled with a KTP crystal to 530 nm, achieving 65% conversion efficiency. The 530 nm output was frequency doubled with KD*P crystal to 265 nm, achieving conversion efficiency of 31%. The 265 nm beam pulse was split into eight parallel channels with a system of partially reflecting mirrors. Low timing jitter and stable energy output were achieved. The entire optical system was packaged into a rugged, o-ring sealed, aluminum structure 10''x19''x2.75''. The size of the electronics was 12''x8''x8''. Subsequent accelerator system requirements dictated a redesign of the triggering system for an output beam with less angular divergence. An unstable, crossed porro prism resonator was designed and incorporated into the system. The beam divergence of the redesigned system was successfully decreased to 0.97 mrad in the UV. The resulting frequency doubling efficiencies were 55% to …

Daily newspaper from Perry, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.

Facilities such as the Savannah River Site (SRS), which contain the potential for hazardous atmospheric releases, rely on the predictive capabilities of dispersion models to assess possible emergency response actions. The operational design in relation to domain size and forecast time is presented, along with verification of model results over extended time periods with archived surface observations.

Daily newspaper from Chickasha, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.

This paper provides a generic overview of the GeoSiphon and GeoFlow technology and an overview of TNX GeoSiphon Cell deployment and demonstration.

This document summarizes the impact of radionuclide releases from Savannah River Site (SRS) facilities from 1954 through 1996. The radionuclides reported here are those whose release resulted in the highest dose to people living near SRS.

Semiweekly newspaper from Boerne, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.

Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.

Microscopic fluorescence imaging and time-resolved Raman scattering are employed to investigate the effect of high power 355 nm laser irradiation on preexisting and transient defect populations in KH 2 PO 4 . Defect clusters in the bulk of KDP crystals are imaged with 1 micron spatial resolution using their NIR emission. The intensity of the emission clusters varies widely within the image field. The exposure of the crystal at high power 355 nm, 3 ns laser irradiation leads to a reduction of the number of observed optically active centers. In addition, time resolved Raman scattering was employed to study the transient generation of defects during high power 355 nm laser irradiation.

Daily newspaper from Baytown, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.

Interested in learning about innovative ways to improve the efficiency of your plant's steam, electric motor, and compressed air systems? This US Department of Energy Office of Industrial Technologies fact sheet offers information regarding training sessions, teleconferences, and various training materials to teach you and your company ways to reduce energy use, save money, and reduce waste and pollution through system optimization.

Semiweekly newspaper from Sealy, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.

The Shane 3 meter telescope was recollimated in August 1998 to remove aberrations that were perceived to affect image quality in good seeing conditions. The Lick Adaptive Optics system is capable, indirectly, of measuring the static aberrations introduced by the telescope primary and secondary mirror pair. Since A0 runs were scheduled both before and after the collimation, this allowed a comparison of the pre and post collimation telescope aberrations. The absolute calibration of the wavefront measurement is complicated by the indirect measurement technique, which uses the shape of the deformable mirror in its closed-loop corrected position as an indicator of telescope wavefront. The shape of the deformable mirror is not measured directly, but is inferred from the voltages applied to its piezoelectric actuators. The actuators are known to have temperature-dependent hysteresis and is thus a source of error in this technique. In November, an interferometer was added to the A0 system which will allow more direct measurements of corrected wavefront in future tests. Data from six measurements in July (pre-collimation) and nine measurements in September and November (post-collimation) were analyzed. The resulting phase maps show a slight difference in the wavefront with some improvement in the coma and spherical zernike …

This disposition of excess plutonium is determined by the Surplus Plutonium Disposition Environmental Impact Statement (SPD-EIS) being prepared by the Department of Energy. The disposition method (Known as ''can in canister'') combines cans of immobilized plutonium-ceramic disks (pucks) with vitrified high-level waste produced at the SRS Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF). This is intended to deter proliferation by making the plutonium unattractive for recovery or theft. The envisioned process remotely installs cans containing plutonium-ceramic pucks into storage magazines. Magazines are then remotely loaded into the DWPF canister through the canister neck with a robotic arm and locked into a storage rack inside the canister, which holds seven magazines. Finally, the canister is processed through DWPF and filled with high-level waste glass, thereby surrounding the product cans. This paper covers magazine and rack development and canister loading concepts.

Relative concentrations of reactive ions, neutral radicals, resist and substrate etch products have been measured in dielectric etch chemistries using an uncollided beam mass spectrometer / ion extractor from Hiden Analytical. Analysis techniques employed include both electron impact ionization and dissociative ionization of neutral gas, and potential bias extraction of positive ions from the reactor discharge volume. Measurements were made in C{sub 2}F{sub 6} and CHF{sub 3} discharges in an inductively coupled plasma (ICP-GEC) research reactor operating with power densities, pressures, gas compositions and wafer materials typical of those found in etch processing tools. Wafer substrates investigated included blanket silicon wafers and silicon wafers with varying amounts of photo-resist coverage of the surface (20%, 80% and 100%). In C{sub 2}F{sub 6} discharges CF{sub 3}{sup +} was consistently the dominant fluorocarbon ion present, in agreement with published cross sections for dissociative ionization [ 1,2.3,4.5,6]. Smaller concentrations of CF+, CF{sub 2}{sup -}, and C{sub 2}F{sub 5}{sup +}, were also observed, though the dissociative ionization production of C{sub 2}F{sub 5}{sup +} was a factor of five smaller than would be expected from published cross section values. The presence of photo-resist, even in small amounts, was found to produce marked changes in the discharge …

Weekly newspaper from Emory, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.

A miniature mass spectrometer, based on the time-of-flight principle, has been developed for the detection of chemical warfare agent precursor molecules. The instrument, with minor modifications, could fulfill many of the needs for sensing organic molecules in various Defense Programs, including Enhanced Surveillance. The basic footprint of the instrument is about that of a lunch box. The instrument has a mass range to about 300, has parts-per-trillion detection limits, and can return spectra in less than a second. The instrument can also detect permanent gases and is especially sensitive to hydrogen. In volume, the device could be manufactured for under $5000.

Daily newspaper from Sapulpa, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.

Machine vision metrology is ideally suited to the task of non-contact/non-intrusive deformation and strain measurement in a remote system. The objective of this work-in-progress is to develop a compact instrument for strain measurement consisting of a camera, image capture card, PC, software, and light source. The instrument is portable and useful in a variety of applications and environments. A digital camera with a microscopic lens is connected to an image capture card in a PC. Commercially available image processing software is used to control the image capture and image processing steps leading up to displacement/strain measurement. Image processing steps include filtering and edge/feature enhancement. Custom software is required to control/automate certain elements of the acquisition and processing. Images of a region on the surface of a specimen are acquired at hold points (during static tests) or at regular time intervals (during transients). Salient features in the image scene (microstructure, oxide deposits, etc.) are observed in subsequent images. The strain measurement algorithm characterizes relative motion of the salient features with individual displacement vectors yielding 2-D deformation equations. The set of deformation equations is solved simultaneously to yield unknown deformation gradient terms that are used to express 2-D strain. The overall concept, …