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Alternative Fuel News, Vol. 2, No. 4
This issue of Alternative Fuel News highlights the accomplishments of the Clean Cities coalitions during the past 5 years. Now Clean Cities advocates in city after city across the US are building stations and driving alternative fuel vehicles, in addition to enhancing public awareness.
Date:
November 30, 1998
Creator:
O'Connor, K.; Riley, C. & Raye, M.
Object Type:
Book
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 99, No. 223, Ed. 1 Monday, November 30, 1998
Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
November 30, 1998
Creator:
Cole, Carol
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Alvin Sun (Alvin, Tex.), Vol. 108, No. 34, Ed. 1 Monday, November 30, 1998
Weekly newspaper from Alvin, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
November 30, 1998
Creator:
Schwind, Jim & Looby, Edward
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
The Baytown Sun (Baytown, Tex.), Vol. 77, No. 26, Ed. 1 Monday, November 30, 1998
Daily newspaper from Baytown, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
November 30, 1998
Creator:
Dobbs, Gary
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Brief Summaries of Federal Animal Protection Statutes
This report contains brief summaries of federal animal protection statutes, listed alphabetically. It does not include treaties, although it does include statutes enacted to implement treaties. It includes statutes concerning animals that are not entirely, or not at all, animal protection statutes. For example, it includes a statute authorizing the eradication of predators, because one of the statute's purposes is to protect domestic and "game, animals; and it includes statutes to conserve fish, although their ultimate purpose may not be for the fishes' benefit. It also includes statutes that allow the disabled to use service animals, and even includes statutes aimed at acts of animal rights advocates (the Animal Enterprise Protection Act of 1992, and the Recreational Hunting Safety and Preservation Act of 1994).
Date:
November 30, 1998
Creator:
Cohen, Henry
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Combining the Best of Bulk and Surface Micromaching Using Si(111) Substrates
This process combines the best features of bulk ad surface micromachining. It enables the production of stress free, thick, virtually arbitrarily shaped structures with well defiti thick or thin sacrificial layers, high sacrificial layer selectivity and large undercuts using IC compatible, processes. The basis of this approach is the use of dy available {111} oriented substrates. anisotropic Si trench etching, S iN masking and KOH etching.
Date:
November 30, 1998
Creator:
Fleming, J.G.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Completion of the ATLAS control system upgrade.
In the fall of 1992 at the SNEAP(Symposium of North Eastern Accelerator Personnel) a project to up grade the ATLAS (Argonne Tandem Linear Accelerator System) control system was first reported. Not unlike the accelerator it services the control system will continue to evolve. However, the first of this year has marked the completion of this most recent upgrade project. Since the control system upgrade took place during a period when ATLAS was operating at a record number of hours, special techniques were necessary to enable the development of the new control system ''on line'' while still saving the needs of normal operations. This paper reviews the techniques used for upgrading the ATLAS control system while the system was in use. In addition a summary of the upgrade project and final configuration, as well as some of the features of the new control system is provided.
Date:
November 30, 1998
Creator:
Munson, F. H.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Delamination detection in reinforced concrete using thermal inertia
We investigated the feasibility of thermal inertia mapping for bridge deck inspections. Using pulsed thermal imaging, we heat-stimulated surrogate delaminations in reinforced concrete and asphalt-concrete slabs. Using a dual-band infrared camera system, we measured thermal inertia responses of Styrofoam implants under 5 cm of asphalt, 5 cm of concrete, and 10 cm of asphalt and concrete. We compared thermal maps from solar-heated concrete and asphalt-concrete slabs with thermal inertia maps from flash-heated concrete and asphalt-concrete slabs. Thermal inertia mapping is a tool for visualizing and quantifying subsurface defects. Physically, thermal inertia is a measure of the resistance of the bridge deck to temperature change. Experimentally, it is determined from the inverse slope of the surface temperature versus the inverse square root of time. Mathematically, thermal inertia is the square root of the product of thermal conductivity, density, and heat capacity. Thermal inertia mapping distinguishes delaminated decks which have below-average thermal inertias from normal or shaded decks. Key Words: Pulsed Thermal Imaging, Thermal Inertia, Detection Of Concrete Bridgedeck Delaminations
Date:
November 30, 1998
Creator:
Del Grande, N K & Durbin, P F
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Development of a ceramic waste form for high-level waste disposal.
A ceramic waste form is being developed by Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) as part of the demonstration of the electrometallurgical treatment of spent nuclear fuel. The halide, alkaline earth, alkali, transuranic, and rare earth fission products are stabilized in zeolite which is combined with glass and processed in a hot isostatic press (HIP) to form a ceramic composite. The mineral sodalite is formed in the HIP from the zeolite precursor. The process, from starting materials to final product, is relatively simple. An overview of the processing operations is given. The metrics that have been developed to measure the success or completion of processing operations are developed and discussed. The impact of variability in processing metrics on the durability of the final product is presented.
Date:
November 30, 1998
Creator:
Esh, D. W.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Development strategy in USDOE and the present R and D status of superconducting technologies in the electric power sector in USA.
None
Date:
November 30, 1998
Creator:
Wolsky, A. M.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Direct-Write Precision Resistors for Ceramic Packages
A direct-write approach to f abricate high precision resistors is reported. Special attention is paid to the effect of print thickrw;s on the resistance value of buried resistors after a low temperature co-firing process. The results show that the direct-write approach provides a superior line definition and thickness control over a traditional screen printing process. Microstructural analysis indicates that there is an interdiffused layer developed between the resistor material and the low temperature co-fired ceramic substrate. These observations are consistent with electrical IIH.SUKHIlentS which show that resistance increases as the effective cross-sectional area is reduced. Th: resistance data show that the standard deviations for resistors printed on a 6" x 6" area are 59Z0 and 15$Z0 for the direct-write and the screen-printed patterns, respectively.
Date:
November 30, 1998
Creator:
Dai, S.; Dimos, D.; Huang, R. F.; Rodriguez, M. A.; Wilcox, D. & Yang, P.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Drain Holes for Criticality Safety Control Guidance for the Analyst
Drain and overflow holes are integral to the nuclear criticality safety basis of many processes and provide different functions in achieving their safety goal. In most cases, unverified engineering judgement was used to conclude that the holes were adequate to accomplish their mission. Such judgement may adequately serve some configurations but is inadequate in other applications. It was determined that the exact function of every hole for both normal and upset process conditions must be understood and clearly documented. Y-12 has embarked on an effort to document engineering analyses of drain and overflow holes. This effort is essential to demonstrating that the holes are capable performing their intended safety function. The Y-12 EUO approach is based on criticality safety function and engineering analysis. The main components of the policies regarding drain holes are: C The criticality safety requirements are written in terms of function (e.g., depth in pan filter must always be less than 5 cm). C Engineering justifications are being written to show existing drains meet required function. Sometimes, detailed analysis of inflows and outflows is required. In some other cases, physical functional tests are performed. C Drains are documented on controlled drawings to ensure configuration control. A program …
Date:
November 30, 1998
Creator:
LeTellier, m.s. & Smallwood, d.j.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Effect of Low Temperature Ion Irradiation on the Microstructure of Nitride Ceramics
Cross-section transmission electron microscopy was used to investigate the microstructure of polycrystalline silicon nitride (Si{sub 3}N{sub 4}) and aluminum nitride (AlN) following 2 MeV Si ion irradiation at 80 and 400 K up to a fluence of 4 x 10{sup 20} ions/m{sup 2} (maximum damage of {approximately}10 displacements per atom, dpa). A buried amorphous band was observed at both temperatures in Si{sub 3}N{sub 4} in the region corresponding to the peaks in the implanted ion and displacement damage. From a comparison of Si{sub 3}N{sub 4} specimens irradiated at different fluences, it is concluded that the amorphization is primarily controlled by the implanted Si concentration rather than the displacement damage level. Si{sub 3}N{sub 4} amorphization did not occur in regions well-separated from the implanted ions for doses up to at least 3 dpa at 80 K, whereas amorphization occurred in the ion implanted region (calculated Si concentration >0.01 at.%) for damage levels as low as {approximately}0.6 dpa. The volumetric swelling associated with the amorphization of Si{sub 3}N{sub 4} is < 10%. Amorphization was not observed in any of the irradiated AIN specimens. A moderate density of small ({approximately}3 nm) defect clusters were observed in the crystalline damaged regions of both the …
Date:
November 30, 1998
Creator:
Eatherly, W. S.; Hensley, D. K.; Jones, J. W.; Snead, L. L. & Zinkle, S. J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Effect of Small Amounts of B and C Additions on Glass Formation and Mechanical Properties of a Zr-Base Alloy
The effect of B and C additions up to 0.4 at. % on glass formation and mechanical properties of a Zr-base alloy Vitreloy 105 was studied using various techniques. All alloys were prepared by arc melting and drop casting. Boron additions increase the glass forming ability by lowering T<sub>m</sub> and increasing T<sub>g</sub>. Carbon additions only lower T<sub>m</sub>, but do not affect T<sub>g</sub>. B and C additions occupy free space and do not harden the glass phase.
Date:
November 30, 1998
Creator:
Chen, N.G.; Liu, C.T. & Pike, L.M.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
[Email Exchange on Rating Scale and Requested Reports]
An insightful email conversation delving into discussions surrounding the Rating Scale and the reports requested.
Date:
November 30, 1998, 4:17 p.m.
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Letter
System:
The UNT Digital Library
EXPLORATORY RESEARCH ON NOVEL COAL LIQUEFACTION CONCEPT
The report presents a summary the work performed under DOE Contract No. DE-AC22-95PC95050. Investigations performed under Task 4--Integrated Flow Sheet Testing are detailed. In this program, a novel direct coal liquefaction technology was investigated by CONSOL Inc. with the University of Kentucky Center for Applied Energy Research and LDP Associates. The process concept explored consists of a first-stage coal dissolution step in which the coal is solubilized by hydride ion donation. In the second stage, the products are catalytically upgraded to refinery feedstocks. Integrated first-stage and solids-separation steps were used to prepare feedstocks for second-stage catalytic upgrading. An engineering and economic evaluation was conducted concurrently with experimental work throughout the program. Approaches to reduce costs for a conceptual commercial plant were recommended at the conclusion of Task 3. These approaches were investigated in Task 4. The economic analysis of the process as it was defined at the conclusion of Task 4, indicates that the production of refined product (gasoline) via this novel direct liquefaction technology is higher than the cost associated with conventional two-stage liquefaction technologies.
Date:
November 30, 1998
Creator:
Brandes, S.D. & Winschel, R.A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Express-Star (Chickasha, Okla.), Ed. 1 Monday, November 30, 1998
Daily newspaper from Chickasha, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
November 30, 1998
Creator:
Bush, Kent
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Final Report: Atomic Resonances in Plasmas, September 24, 1993 - November 30, 1998
None
Date:
November 30, 1998
Creator:
Winkler, Peter
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Final Report: Studies of Ocean Predictability at Decade to Century Time Scales Using a Global Ocean General Circulation Model in a Parallel Computing Environment (August 7, 1991-November 30, 1998)
Determine the structure of oceanic natural variability at time scales of decades to centuries; characterize the physical mechanisms responsible for the variability; determine the relative importance of heat, fresh water, and moment fluxes on the variability; determine the predictability of the variability on these times scales.
Date:
November 30, 1998
Creator:
Barnett, Tim P.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fourier transform photoelectron diffraction and its application to molecular orbitals and surface structure
Photoemission intensities from the molecular orbitals of c(2x2)CO/Pt(111) over a wide photon energy range were measured and analyzed by the same methods developed for structural studies using core levels. The 4{sigma} orbital center of gravity is found to be concentrated between the C and O atoms, while that of the 5{sigma} orbital lies between the C atom and the Pt surface. The C 1s photoelectron diffraction was used to determine the adsorption geometry. The earlier ambiguity that multiple scattering is needed to correctly model a {chi} curve while single scattering is sufficient for understanding major peaks in the ARPEFS-FTS is clarified by studying the clean Ni(111) surface. In the normal emission case, several different combinations of scattering events have similar path length differences (PLDs), and can either cancel each other or enhance the corresponding FT peak. In the off-normal case the degeneracy is greatly reduced due to the lower degree of symmetry. In normal emission AR PEFS, up to third order multiple scattering is needed to describe fully both the {chi} curve and its FT spectrum. To improve the spectral resolution in the ARPEFS-FT analysis, several new spectral analysis methods are introduced. With both autocorrelation autoregression (ACAR) and autocorrelation eigenvector …
Date:
November 30, 1998
Creator:
Zhou, Xin
Object Type:
Thesis or Dissertation
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fracture in Bulk Amorphous Alloys
The fracture behavior of a Zr-based bulk amorphous alloy, Zr-10 AI-5 Ti-17.9 Cu-14.6 Ni, was examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and x-ray diffraction for any evidence of crystallization preceding crack propagation. No evidence for crystallization was found in shear bands in compression specimens or at the fracture surface in tensile specimens. In- situ TEM deformation experiments were performed to more closely examine actual crack tip regions. During the in-situ deformation experiment controlled crack growth occurred to the point where the specimen was approximately 20 {micro}m thick at which point uncontrolled crack growth occurred. No evidence of any crystallization was found at the crack tips or the crack flanks. Subsequent scanning microscope examination showed that the uncontrolled crack growth region exhibited ridges and veins that appeared to have resulted from melting. Performing the deformations, both bulk and in-situ TEM, at liquid nitrogen temperatures (LN{sub 2}) resulted in an increase in the amount of controlled crack growth. The surface roughness of the bulk regions fractured at LN{sub 2} temperatures corresponded with the roughness of the crack propagation observed during the in-situ TEM experiment, suggesting that the smooth-appearing room temperature fracture sur-faces may also be a result of localized melting.
Date:
November 30, 1998
Creator:
Horton, J. A. & Wright, J. L.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
From Molecular Dynamics to Kinetic Rate Theory: A Simple Example of Multiscale Modeling
Radiation damage formation in iron has been investigated using the method of molecular dynamics simulation. The MD simulations have been used to determine primary defect production parameters for cascade energies up to 50 keV at temperatures from 100 to 900K. The energy dependence of these parameters has been used to determine appropriate neutron-energy-spectrum averaged damage production cross sections for various irradiation environments. Two applications of these effective cross sections are discussed. The first is an evaluation of neutron energy spectrum effects in commercial fission reactor pressure vessels. The second example deals with the use of these cross sections in the source term of a kinetic model used to predict void swelling and microstructural evolution. The simulation of the primary damage event by MD involves times less than 100 ps and a size scale of a few tens of nm, while the kinetic simulation encompasses several years and macroscopic sizes. This use of the MD results to develop an improved source term for rate theory modeling provides a simple example of multiscale modeling.
Date:
November 30, 1998
Creator:
Greenwood, L.R. & Stoller, R.E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
In-beam production and transport of radioactive {sup 17}F at ATLAS.
Beam currents of radioactive {sup 17}F(T{sub 1/2} = 65s) as high as 2 x 10{sup 6} s{sup {minus}1} have been produced at the ATLAS facility and delivered to target for nuclear physics research. The d({sup 16}O, {sup 17}F)n and p({sup 17}O,{sup 17}F)n reaction were used to produce the {sup 17}F in the energy range of 65-110 MeV with {sup 17}F intensities of up to 250 pnA. The target employed is a liquid nitrogen cooled H{sub 2} gas cell, with HAVAR windows, operating at up to 8 x 10{sup 4} Pa pressure. A new beam optics geometry consisting of a superconducting solenoid immediately after the production target followed by a single superconducting resonator has significantly improved the total capture efficiency of the transport system. The superconducting solenoid captures the highly divergent secondary beam and refocuses it to improve the beam match into the remainder of the transport system. A single superconducting resonator then ''debunches'' the beam, reducing the energy spread by a factor of four. The beam energy can also be varied, using the resonant cavity, without changing the primary beam energy. Detailed discussion of the results, comparison to calculations, and further possible improvements will be presented.
Date:
November 30, 1998
Creator:
Pardo, R. C.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Influence of microstructural properties on geophysical measurements in sand-clay mixtures
We have performed a series of laboratory experiments on saturated sand-clay mixtures. Measurements include frequency-dependent electrical properties using the four-electrode technique (10 niHz to 1 MHz), permeability, porosity, and acoustic velocities. We mixed clean Ottawa (quartz) sand with Na-montmorillonite (Wyoming bentonite) in a number of different configurations containing 0 to 10% clay: as a dispersed mixture, as discrete clay clusters, and arranged in distinct layers. Solutions of CaCl{sub 2} ranging from 0.0005 N to 0.75 N (0.05 to 64 mS/cm) and deionized water were used as saturating fluids. We found the electrical properties to be dependent on clay content, fluid conductivity, and microstructure in a complex fashion. Increasing fluid conductivity and increasing clay content generally resulted in higher electrical conductivity. For an individual sample, two main regions of conduction exist: a region dominated by surface conduction and a region where the ionic strength of the saturating fluid controlled conduction. The sample geometry (dispersed, nondispersed, or layered clay configuration) was found to greatly affect the magnitude of the surface conductance in the range of low fluid conductivity.
Date:
November 30, 1998
Creator:
Carlberg, E. D.; Roberts, J. J. & Wildenschild, D.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library