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Computational Modeling and Experimental Studies on NO(x) Reduction Under Pulveerized Coal Combustion Conditions. Quarterly technical progress report, July 1 - September 30, 1997
Several experiments were conducted during this quarter to study the NO{sub x} reduction effectiveness of lignite coal, activated carbon and catalytic sites such as calcium sulfide and calcium carbide. While some of the coals/chemicals could be fed easily, some needed the mixing with silica gel to result in a uniform flow through the feeder. Several trial runs were performed to ensure proper feeding of the material before conducting the actual experiment to record NO{sub x} reduction. The experimental approach has been the same as presented in the past two quarterly reports with the coal reburning experiments. Partial reduction is achieved through methane addition for SR2=0.95 conditions and then coal or the catalyst is introduced to see if there is further reduction. Presented below are the results of the experiments conducted during this quarter.
Date:
December 31, 1997
Creator:
Kumpaty, S. K.; Subramanian, K.; Darboe, A. & Kumpati, S. K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Concentrations of a water soluble, gas-phase mercury species in ambient air: Results from measurements and modeling
There are few reliable data on the speciation of Hg in ambient air, although this information is critical to understanding the fate of Hg once released from point sources. The water soluble species of Hg that are thought to exist in flue gases would be subject to far greater local removal rates than is elemental Hg vapor, but methods are lacing to quantify this species. The authors developed a method using refluxing mist chambers to measure the airborne concentrations of reactive gaseous mercury (RGM) in short-term samples under ambient conditions. The method exhibits an effective detection limit of 0.02 ng/m{sup 3} and a precision for ambient concentration levels of {+-}20--30%. Using a model that simulates atmospheric transport and fate of anthropogenic mercury emissions over the contiguous United States, the authors generated 24-hr RGM concentrations to compare to the measurement data. The average RGM concentrations measured with their mist chambers at sites in Tennessee (TN) and Indiana (IN) were 0.065 ng/m{sup 3} and 0.100 ng/m{sup 3}, respectively. These averages represent about 3% of total gaseous mercury (TGM), and RGM generally exceeds regional particulate Hg. The 24-hr model-simulated RGM concentration averages in the modeling grid cells representing TN and IN are 0.051 …
Date:
December 31, 1997
Creator:
Lindberg, S. E.; Stratton, W. J.; Pai, P. & Allan, M. A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Construction of genome-wide physical BAC contigs using mapped cDNA as probes: Toward an integrated BAC library resource for genome sequencing and analysis. Annual report, July 1995--January 1997
The goal of human genome project is to characterize and sequence entire genomes of human and several model organisms, thus providing complete sets of information on the entire structure of transcribed, regulatory and other functional regions for these organisms. In the past years, a number of useful genetic and physical markers on human and mouse genomes have been made available along with the advent of BAC library resources for these organisms. The advances in technology and resource development made it feasible to efficiently construct genome-wide physical BAC contigs for human and other genomes. Currently, over 30,000 mapped STSs and 27,000 mapped Unigenes are available for human genome mapping. ESTs and cDNAs are excellent resources for building contig maps for two reasons. Firstly, they exist in two alternative forms--as both sequence information for PCR primer pairs, and cDoreen genomic libraries efficiently for large number of DNA probes by combining over 100 cDNA probes in each hybridization. Second, the linkage and order of genes are rather conserved among human, mouse and other model organisms. Therefore, gene markers have advantages over random anonymous STSs in building maps for comparative genomic studies.
Date:
December 31, 1997
Creator:
Mitchell, S.C.; Bocskai, D. & Cao, Y.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Containment and surveillance -- A principal IAEA safeguards measure
The growth of the safeguards inspectorate of the Agency, spanning more than 40 years, has produced a variety of interesting subjects (legal, technical, political, etc.) for recollection, discussion, and study. Although the Agency was established in 1957, the first practical inspections did not occur until the early 1960s. In the early inspections, thee was little C/S equipment available, and no optical surveillance was used. However, by the third decade of the IAEA, the 1980s, many technology advances were made, and the level of C/S equipment activities increased. By the late 1980s, some 200 Twin Minolta film camera systems were deployed by the Agency for safeguards use. At the present time, the Agency is evaluating and beginning to implement remote monitoring as part of the Strengthened Safeguards System. However, adoption of remote monitoring by international agencies cannot occur rapidly because of the many technical and policy issues associated with this activity. A glimpse into the future indicates that an important element of safeguards instrumentation will be the merging of C/S and NDA equipment into integrated systems. The use of modern interior area monitors in International Safeguards also offers a great potential for advancing C/S measures. The research in microsensors is in …
Date:
December 31, 1997
Creator:
Drayer, D. D.; Dupree, S. A. & Sonnier, C. S.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Control of beryllium powder at a DOE facility
Beryllium is contained in a number of domestic and national defense items. Although many items might contain beryllium in some manner, few people need worry about the adverse effects caused by exposure to beryllium because it is the inhalable form of beryllium that is most toxic. Chronic beryllium disease (CBD), a granulomas and fibrotic lung disease with long latency, can be developed after inhalation exposures to beryllium. It is a progressive, debilitating lung disease. Its occurrence in those exposed to beryllium has been difficult to predict because some people seem to react to low concentration exposures whereas others do not react to high concentration exposures. Onset of the disease frequently occurs between 15 to 20 years after exposure begins. Some people develop the disease after many years of low concentration exposures but others do not develop CBD even though beryllium is shown to be present in lungs and urine. Conclusions based on these experiences are that their is some immunological dependence of developing CBD in about 3--4% of the exposed population, but the exact mechanism involved has not yet been identified. Acute beryllium disease can occur after a single exposure to a concentration of greater than 0.100 mg/m3 (inhalation exposure); …
Date:
December 31, 1997
Creator:
Langner, G. C.; Creek, K. L. & Castro, R. G.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Conversion of associated natural gas to liquid hydrocarbons. Final report, June 1, 1995--January 31, 1997
The original concept envisioned for the use of Fischer-Tropsch processing (FTP) of United States associated natural gas in this study was to provide a way of utilizing gas which could not be brought to market because a pipeline was not available or for which there was no local use. Conversion of gas by FTP could provide a means of utilizing offshore associated gas which would not require installation of a pipeline or re-injection. The premium quality F-T hydrocarbons produced by conversion of the gas can be transported in the same way as the crude oil or in combination (blended) with it, eliminating the need for a separate gas transport system. FTP will produce a synthetic crude oil, thus increasing the effective size of the resource. The two conventional approaches currently used in US territory for handling of natural gas associated with crude petroleum production are re-injection and pipelining. Conversion of natural gas to a liquid product which can be transported to shore by tanker can be accomplished by FTP to produce hydrocarbons, or by conversion to chemical products such as methanol or ammonia, or by cryogenic liquefaction (LNG). This study considers FTP and briefly compares it to methanol and LNG. …
Date:
December 31, 1997
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Correlation Between MHD-Activity, Energetic Particle Behaviour and Anomalous Transport Phenomena in WENDELSTEIN 7-AS
Energy and particle transport in W7-AS exhibits a resonance like dependence on the edge rotational transform (iota) as long as the magnetic shear is relatively weak (low beta, no significant net toroidal currents). MHD modes at resonant surfaces may cause enhanced radial transport depending on the magnitude and radial extent of the magnetic perturbations. In many cases discharges in W7-AS are very quiescent, or in case of mode activity, often no influence on energy and particle confinement is found. In the high beta regime ((beta) </= 1.8 %) shear is increased due to the effect of the Shafranov shift leading to the formation of rational surfaces inside the plasma. Pressure driven mode activity appears at corresponding resonant surfaces. These modes could be resistive interchange instabilities since the respective stability criterion can be violated at least in the outer part of the plasma. Only around the highest beta values and in cases, where the magnetic well of the configuration was reduced, relaxations of the plasma energy are observed, indicating the vicinity of a soft beta limit. In most cases, however, the maximum achievable beta is determined by the available heating power.
Date:
December 31, 1997
Creator:
Weller, A.; Anton, M.; Geiger, J.; Goerner, C.; Jaenicke, R.; Konrad, C. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Corrosion Resistance of Various High Chromium Alloys in Simulated Chemical Processing Nuclear Plant Waste Solutions
High chromium nickel alloys were tested at the Idaho Chemical Processing Plant (ICPP) to determine their corrosion performance in the high temperature aggressive chemical environments of liquid waste evaporators used in the chemical reprocessing of irradiated nuclear fuels. The results of these tests, which included a variety of base metal alloys I weld filler material combinations, are presented and discussed.
Date:
December 31, 1997
Creator:
Anderson, P. A. & Agarwal, D. C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Coupled Weather and Wildfire Behavior Modeling at Los Alamos: An Overview
Over the past two years, researchers at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) have been engaged in coupled weather/wildfire modeling as part of a broader initiative to predict the unfolding of crisis events. Wildfire prediction was chosen for the following reasons: (1) few physics-based wild-fire prediction models presently exist; (2) LANL has expertise in the fields required to develop such a capability; and (3) the development of this predictive capability would be enhanced by LANL`s strength in high performance computing. Wildfire behavior models have historically been used to predict fire spread and heat release for a prescribed set of fuel, slope, and wind conditions (Andrews 1986). In the vicinity of a fire, however, atmospheric conditions are constantly changing due to non-local weather influences and the intense heat of the fire itself. This non- linear process underscores the need for physics-based models that treat the atmosphere-fire feedback. Actual wildfire prediction with full-physics models is both time-critical and computationally demanding, since it must include regional- to local-scale weather forecasting together with the capability to accurately simulate both intense gradients across a fireline, and atmosphere/fire/fuel interactions. Los Alamos has recently (January 1997) acquired a number of SGI/Cray Origin 2000 machines, each presently having 32 …
Date:
December 31, 1997
Creator:
Bossert, James E.; Harlow, Francis H.; Linn, Rodman R.; Reisner, Jon M.; White, Andrew B. & Winterkamp, Judith L.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Critical current density enhancement in rolled multifilament Bi-2223 HTS composites
At 77 K and self-field, we report transport critical density (J{sub c}) of 58 kA/cm{sup 2} in rolled 19 and 85 filament Bi-2223 HTS tapes. For an 85-filament tape with transport J{sub c} of 50 kA/cm{sup 2}, transport J{sub c} of greater than 80 kA/cm{sup 2} electrical performance, increasing the number of the strong links between the 2223 colonies is believed to be the most important factor. Microstructure studies on these samples suggest that there is still great potential for further J{sub c} enhancement.
Date:
December 31, 1997
Creator:
Li, Q.; Riley, G.N. Jr. & Parrella, R.D.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Critical issues in measuring the mechanical properties of hard films on soft substrates by nanoindentation techniques
This study explores the difficulties encountered when using conventional nanoindentation techniques to measure the Young`s modulus and hardness of hard films on soft substrates. In general, the indentation measurement of film/substrate systems is affected by four material properties: the Young`s modulus and hardness of the film, and the Young`s modulus and hardness of the substrate. For the particular case of a hard film on a soft substrate, there is a tendency for the material around the hardness impression to sink-in which results from the large difference in yielding of the two materials. In this study, a model system consisting of NiP on annealed Cu was used to explore the behavior. This system is interesting because the film and substrate have similar Young`s moduli, minimizing the elastic behavior as a variable. In contrast, the hardness of NiP is approximately 7--8 GPa, and that of the annealed copper is less than 1 GPa, providing a factor of 10 difference in the plastic flow characteristics. Experimental results indicate that standard analytical methods for determining the contact depth, hardness and Young`s modulus do not work well for the case of a hard film on a soft substrate. At shallow contact depths, the measured indentation …
Date:
December 31, 1997
Creator:
Hay, J.C. & Pharr, G.M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Cuero Record (Cuero, Tex.), Vol. 103, No. 52, Ed. 1 Wednesday, December 31, 1997
Weekly newspaper from Cuero, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
December 31, 1997
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Current Distributions and Dissolution Mechanisms During Localized Corrosion of Steels in Alkaline Environments
In situ corrosion investigations of iron were carried out in alkaline environments to determine the stages of corrosion that may be encountered with steels in concrete. The electrochemical and chemical processes taking place on Fe have been studied using x-ray absorption, current density mapping of the iron surface and artificial pits. The x-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy was used to observe the conversion of Fe to oxide in hydroxide solutions. The oxide formed was electrochemically active and changes in valence states between 2+ and 3+ were observed during electrochemical cycling between the passive state and hydrogen evolution. The oxide continued to thicken during the cycling with very little dissolution or any conversion back to the metallic state. Current density mapping in chloride/hydroxide solution showed that corrosion took place in highly localized areas confined by the formation of a corrosion product shell. The activity within the shell decayed on removing a supporting cathodic area limiting but reactivated on its replacement. Artificial pits were used to study the anodic processes taking place within the region confined by the corrosion product shell. The local pH and anodic behavior were similar to that observed in neutral or slightly acid bulk solutions. The dissolution within …
Date:
December 31, 1997
Creator:
Isaacs, H. S.; Ryan, M. P.; Virtanen, S. & Schmuki, P.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Daily Chickasha Star (Chickasha, Okla.), Vol. 96, No. 168, Ed. 1 Wednesday, December 31, 1997
Newspaper from Chickasha, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
December 31, 1997
Creator:
Settle, David
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Deactivation of the EBR-II complex
In January of 1994, the Department of Energy mandated the termination of the Integral Fast Reactor (IFR) Program, effective October 1, 1994. To comply with this decision, Argonne National Laboratory-West (ANL-W) prepared a plan providing detailed requirements to place the Experimental Breeder Reactor-II (EBR-II) in a radiologically and industrially safe condition, including removal of all irradiated fuel assemblies from the reactor plant, and removal and stabilization of the primary and secondary sodium, a liquid metal used to transfer heat within the reactor plant. The ultimate goal of the deactivation process is to place the EBR-II complex in a stable condition until a decontamination and decommissioning (D&D) plan can be prepared, thereby minimizing requirements for maintenance and surveillance and maximizing the amount of time for radioactive decay. The final closure state will be achieved in full compliance with federal, state and local environmental, safety, and health regulations and requirements. The decision to delay the development of a detailed D&D plan has necessitated this current action. The EBR-II is a pool-type reactor. The primary system contains approximately 87,000 gallons of sodium, while the secondary system has 13,000 gallons. In order to properly dispose of the sodium in compliance with the Resource Conservation …
Date:
December 31, 1997
Creator:
Michelbacher, J.A.; Earle, O.K. & Henslee, S.P.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Declassification Productivity Research Center quarterly report {number_sign}7, September 25--December 31, 1997
This report describes the progress achieved by the Declassification Productivity Research Center (DPRC) during the first quarter of its third year of operations. Progress has accelerated as the DPRC has gotten more involved with the federal declassification community, and has found meaningful ways to be of service to DOE and other agencies of the government. Accordingly, there is an excellent project log to present in this report. Moreover, this year the DPRC has received its first funding from agencies other than DOE, to signal a new mode of operation in its relationship to the declassification community at large. The DPRC was established as an independent, world-class research capability and computer facility to support the DOE Declassification Productivity Initiative (DPI). The goal of DPI is to increase the flow of unrestricted government information to the public. To this end, the work involves both basic and applied research in the areas of (1) system-level declassification process analysis and modeling, (2) development of computer systems to automate declassification processes, including text analysis and interpretation, (3) coordination/integration of new technology among into the processes, and (4) development and promulgation of inter-operability and document transfer standards.
Date:
December 31, 1997
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Decontamination systems information and research program. Quarterly report, January 1--March 31, 1997
Progress reports are given on the following projects: (A) Subsurface contaminants, containment and remediation: 1.1 Characteristic evaluation of grout barriers in grout testing chamber; 1.2 Development of standard test protocols and barrier design models for desiccation barriers; 1.3 Development of standard test protocols and barrier design models for in-situ formed barriers -- technical support; 1.4 Laboratory studies and field testing at the DOE/RMI Extrusion Plant (Ashtabula, Ohio); 1.5 Use of drained enhanced soil flushing for contaminants removal; (B) Mixed waste characterization, treatment and disposal: Analysis of the Vortec cyclone melting system for remediation of PCB contaminated soils using computational fluid dynamics; (C) Decontamination and decommissioning: 3.1 Production and evaluation of biosorbents and cleaning solutions for use in D and D; 3.2 Use of Spintek centrifugal membrane technology and sorbents/cleaning solutions in the D and D of DOE facilities; (D) Cross-cutting innovative technologies: 4.1 Use of centrifugal membrane technology with novel membranes to treat hazardous/radioactive wastes; 4.2 Environmental pollution control devices based on novel forms of carbon; 4.3 Design of rotating membrane filtration system for remediation technologies; and (E) Outreach: Small business technical based support.
Date:
December 31, 1997
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Defense waste processing facility radioactive operations. Part 1 - operating experience
The Savannah River Site`s Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) near Aiken, SC is the nation`s first and the world`s largest vitrification facility. Following a ten year construction program and a 3 year non-radioactive test program, DWPF began radioactive operations in March 1996. This paper presents the results of the first 9 months of radioactive operations. Topics include: operations of the remote processing equipment reliability, and decontamination facilities for the remote processing equipment. Key equipment discussed includes process pumps, telerobotic manipulators, infrared camera, Holledge{trademark} level gauges and in-cell (remote) cranes. Information is presented regarding equipment at the conclusion of the DWPF test program it also discussed, with special emphasis on agitator blades and cooling/heating coil wear. 3 refs., 4 figs.
Date:
December 31, 1997
Creator:
Little, D.B.; Gee, J.T. & Barnes, W.M.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Depleted Uranium in Repositories
For uranium to be useful in most fission nuclear reactors, it must be enriched (i.e. the concentration of the fissile isotope 235U must be increased). Therefore, depleted uranium (DU)-uranium which has less than naturally occurring concentrations of 235U-is a co-product of the enrichment process. Four to six tons of DU exist for every ton of fresh light water reactor fuel. There were 407,006 MgU 407,000 metric tons (t) of DU stored on U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) sites as of July 1993. If this DU were to be declared surplus, converted to a stable oxide form, and emplaced in a near surface disposal facility, the costs are estimated to be several billion dollars. However, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission has stated that near surface disposal of large quantities of DU tails is not appropriate. Thus, there is the possibility that disposition via disposal will be in a deep geological repository. One alternative that may significantly reduce the cost of DU disposition is to use it beneficially. In fact, DOE has begun the Beneficial Uses of DU Project to identify large scale uses of DU and to encourage its reuse. Several beneficial uses, many of which involve applications in the repository …
Date:
December 31, 1997
Creator:
Haire, M. J. & Croff, A. G.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Design and Characterization of Next-Generation Micromirrors Fabricated in a Four-Level, Planarized Surface-Micromachined Polycrystalline Silicon Process
This paper describes the design and characterization of several types of micromirror devices to include process capabilities, device modeling, and test data resulting in deflection versus applied potential curves. These micromirror devices are the first to be fabricated in the state-of-the-art four-level planarized polysilicon process available at Sandia National Laboratories known as the Sandia Ultra-planar Multi-level MEMS Technology (SUMMiT). This enabling process permits the development of micromirror devices with near-ideal characteristics which have previously been unrealizable in standard three-layer polysilicon processes. This paper describes such characteristics as elevated address electrodes, individual address wiring beneath the device, planarized mirror surfaces using Chemical Mechanical Polishing (CMP), unique post-process metallization, and the best active surface area to date. This paper presents the design, fabrication, modeling, and characterization of several variations of Flexure-Beam (FBMD) and Axial-Rotation Micromirror Devices (ARMD). The released devices are first metallized using a standard sputtering technique relying on metallization guards and masks that are fabricated next to the devices. Such guards are shown to enable the sharing of bond pads between numerous arrays of micromirrors in order to maximize the number of on-chip test arrays. The devices are modeled and then empirically characterized using a laser interferometer setup located at …
Date:
December 31, 1997
Creator:
Michalicek, M. A.; Comtois, J. H. & Barron, C. C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Design and Implementation of a CO(2) Flood Utilizing Advanced Reservoir Characterization and Horizontal Injection Wells in Shallow Shelf Carbonate Approaching Waterflood Depletion
The work reported herein covers select tasks in Budget Phase 11. The principle Task in Budget Phase 11 included in this report is Field Demonstration. Completion of many of the Field Demonstration tasks during the last report period enabled an optimum carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}) flood project to be designed, economically evaluated, and implemented in the field. Field implementation of the project commenced during late 1995, with actual C0{sub 2} injection commencing in mid-July, 1996. This report summarizes activities incurred following initial project start-up, towards the goal of optimizing project performance. The current project has focused on reducing initial investment cost by utilizing horizontal injection wells and concentrating the project in the best productivity area of the field. An innovative C0{sub 2} purchase agreement (no take-or-pay provisions, C0{sub 2} purchase price tied to West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude oil price) and gas recycle agreement (expensing costs as opposed to a large upfront capital investment for compression) were negotiated to further improve the project economics. The Grayburg-San Andres section had previously been divided into multiple zones based on the core study and gamma ray markers that correlate wells within the Unit. Each zone was mapped as continuous across the field. Previous …
Date:
December 31, 1997
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Design considerations for neutron activation and neutron source strength monitors for ITER
The International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor will require highly accurate measurements of fusion power production in time, space, and energy. Spectrometers in the neutron camera could do it all, but experience has taught us that multiple methods with redundancy and complementary uncertainties are needed. Previously, conceptual designs have been presented for time-integrated neutron activation and time-dependent neutron source strength monitors, both of which will be important parts of the integrated suite of neutron diagnostics for this purpose. The primary goals of the neutron activation system are: to maintain a robust relative measure of fusion energy production with stability and wide dynamic range; to enable an accurate absolute calibration of fusion power using neutronic techniques as successfully demonstrated on JET and TFTR; and to provide a flexible system for materials testing. The greatest difficulty is that the irradiation locations need to be close to plasma with a wide field of view. The routing of the pneumatic system is difficult because of minimum radius of curvature requirements and because of the careful need for containment of the tritium and activated air. The neutron source strength system needs to provide real-time source strength vs. time with {approximately}1 ms resolution and wide dynamic range in …
Date:
December 31, 1997
Creator:
Barnes, C. W.; Jassby, D. L.; LeMunyan, G.; Roquemore, A. L. & Walker, C.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
DESIGN OF ATOMIZERS AND BURNERS FOR COAL-WATER SLURRY COMBUSTION
A review of the results of the current period is included. Section 1 summarizes the progress that was made during the current period. Section 2 discusses the activities planned for the next period. Section 3 summarizes the theory that was developed on the capillary flow within long filaments of liquid during the breakup of ligaments of Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Fluids. The current period was mainly dedicated to developing a theory to account for the flow into the droplet and back into the droplet attachment region in the falling droplet experiments. Six samples of coal water slurries were also tested for determination of the extensional viscosity using the falling droplet technique. A spray chamber was built to study the breakup of coal water slurry samples provided by Penn State.
Date:
December 31, 1997
Creator:
Mansour, A. & Chigier, N.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
[Design of gas and electric rotary furnaces for the glass industry]. Quarterly progress report, September 20--December 20, 1997
The authors have continually stressed that the two most critical material parameters for the success of the rotary furnace are the hearth plate and the molding release powder. Both of these issues have been solidly addressed in this quarter. They have tested the three best candidates for hearth plate material this quarter. Although they had to use the in-house gas furnaces for the testing, one of the materials combines the best heating efficiency with the least sticking tendency. This material will be used for the electric prototype. The molding release powder is mainly used for preventing the glass from adhering to the hearth plate while the glass is softening for pressing. They recently visited several companies in Japan who also repress glass. The release agent that they use is Boron Nitride. They have identified a supplier within New York state, but their concern is the very high price of this material. They are bringing in samples of different grades for experimentation, but the focus continues to be to eliminate the need for any powder. An additional area for material testing was addressed during this quarter. Once the glass is in the tool (mold) for pressing, the glass has the potential …
Date:
December 31, 1997
Creator:
Pochan, D.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library