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Wetting behavior of selected crude oil/brine/rock systems (open access)

Wetting behavior of selected crude oil/brine/rock systems

Of the many methods of characterizing wettability of a porous medium, the most commonly used are the Amott test and the USBM test. The Amott test does not discriminate adequately between systems that give high values of wettability index to water and are collectively described as very strongly water-wet. The USBM test does not recognize systems that achieve residual oil saturation by spontaneous imbibition. For such systems, and for any systems that exhibit significant spontaneous imbibition, measurements of imbibition rate provide a useful characterization of wettability. Methods of interpreting spontaneous imbibition data are reviewed and a new method of quantifying wettability from rate of imbibition is proposed. Capillary pressure is the driving force in spontaneous imbibition. The area under an imbibition curve is closely related to the work of displacement that results from decrease in surface free energy. Imbibition rate data can be correlated to allow for differences in interracial tension, viscosities, pore structure, and sample size. Wettability, the remaining key factor in determining the capillary driving force and the related imbibition rate, then largely determines the differences in saturation vs. scaled time curves. These curves are used to obtain pseudo imbibition capillary pressure curves; a wettability index based on …
Date: April 1, 1997
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
WETTING BEHAVIOR OF SELECTED CRUDE OIL/BRINE/ROCK SYSTEMS (open access)

WETTING BEHAVIOR OF SELECTED CRUDE OIL/BRINE/ROCK SYSTEMS

The effect of aging and displacement temperatures, and brine and oil composition on wettability and the recovery of crude oil by spontaneous imbibition and waterflooding has been investigated. This study is based on displacement tests in Berea Sandstone using three distinctly different crude oils and three reservoir brines. Brine concentration was varied by changing the concentration of total dissolved solids of the synthetic brine in proportion to give brine of twice, one tenth, and one hundredth of the reservoir brine concentration. Aging and displacement temperatures were varied independently. For all crude oils, water-wetness and oil recovery increased with increase in displacement temperature. Tests on the effect of brine concentration showed that salinity of the connate and invading brines can have a major influence on wettability and oil recovery at reservoir temperature. Oil recovery increased over that for the reservoir brine with dilution of both the initial (connate) and invading brine or dilution of either. Removal of light components from the crude oil resulted in increased water-wetness. Addition of alkanes to the crude oil reduced the water-wetness, and increased oil recovery. Relationships between waterflood recovery and wettability are summarized.
Date: April 1, 1997
Creator: Tang, G.Q. & Morrow, N.R.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
What Do Managers Really Want? (open access)

What Do Managers Really Want?

Fluor Daniel Hanford, Inc. (FDH) is the Management Contractor for the Project Hanford Management Contract for the Department of Energy - Richland Operations Office. The Central Training Organization within FDH provides cross-cutting training services for its own personnel as well as for six subcontractors and six enterprise companies performing project work across the 560 square miles of the Hanford Site near Richland, Washington. Manager Safety Training has been presented by the Environmental, Safety and Health Training (ES and HT) team to managers, supervisors, team leads, and other personnel across the Hanford Site for over four years. The training is intended to heighten the awareness of management toward both identified (via accident/injury reports) and potential safety issues and concerns. Managers need to be aware of their responsibilities and to know where to go/who to contact (for example, company manuals or facility safety representatives) for additional information. At the conclusion of each training session, students are asked to complete a Level I evaluation (Kirkpatrick Model, see sidebar) and this feedback is reviewed by the instructors Commonly, revisions to the course content and presentation format are made solely by the ES and HT instructors and their manager each year.
Date: April 3, 1997
Creator: Haberstok, J.K.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
["What Kind of Love is This?" live performance video] captions transcript

["What Kind of Love is This?" live performance video]

Video footage from The Black Academy of Arts and Letters recorded during the showing of Shelly Garretts' play "What Kind of Love is This?". The footage shows a stage with 8 actors acting out a story about the trials and tribulations of romantic and familial relationships.
Date: April 1997
Creator: Osborne, Jeffrey; Spencer, Corrian; Cain, Sharron; Taylor, Sophia; Dunbar, Stephene K.; Williams, Christoper et al.
Object Type: Video
System: The UNT Digital Library
[Wheeler Avenue Baptist Church Bulletin: April 13, 1997] (open access)

[Wheeler Avenue Baptist Church Bulletin: April 13, 1997]

Church bulletin listing the order of worship for the 7:30 and 11:00 Sunday morning services at the Wheeler Avenue Baptist Church, as well as various notes about upcoming events, congregational news, and other information of relevance to church members.
Date: April 13, 1997
Creator: Wheeler Avenue Baptist Church (Houston, Tex.)
Object Type: Pamphlet
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Wheeler Avenue Baptist Church Bulletin: April 20, 1997] (open access)

[Wheeler Avenue Baptist Church Bulletin: April 20, 1997]

Church bulletin listing the order of worship for the 7:30 and 11:00 Sunday morning services at the Wheeler Avenue Baptist Church, as well as various notes about upcoming events, congregational news, and other information of relevance to church members.
Date: April 20, 1997
Creator: Wheeler Avenue Baptist Church (Houston, Tex.)
Object Type: Pamphlet
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Wheeler Avenue Baptist Church Bulletin: April 27, 1997] (open access)

[Wheeler Avenue Baptist Church Bulletin: April 27, 1997]

Church bulletin listing the order of worship for the 7:30 and 11:00 Sunday morning services at the Wheeler Avenue Baptist Church, as well as various notes about upcoming events, congregational news, and other information of relevance to church members.
Date: April 27, 1997
Creator: Wheeler Avenue Baptist Church (Houston, Tex.)
Object Type: Pamphlet
System: The Portal to Texas History
[Wheeler Avenue Baptist Church Bulletin: April 4th, 1997] (open access)

[Wheeler Avenue Baptist Church Bulletin: April 4th, 1997]

Church bulletin listing the order of worship for the 7:30 and 11:00 Sunday morning services at the Wheeler Avenue Baptist Church, as well as various notes about upcoming events, congregational news, and other information of relevance to church members.
Date: April 6, 1997
Creator: Wheeler Avenue Baptist Church (Houston, Tex.)
Object Type: Pamphlet
System: The Portal to Texas History
When constants are important (open access)

When constants are important

In this paper the authors discuss several complexity aspects pertaining to neural networks, commonly known as the curse of dimensionality. The focus will be on: (1) size complexity and depth-size tradeoffs; (2) complexity of learning; and (3) precision and limited interconnectivity. Results have been obtained for each of these problems when dealt with separately, but few things are known as to the links among them. They start by presenting known results and try to establish connections between them. These show that they are facing very difficult problems--exponential growth in either space (i.e. precision and size) and/or time (i.e., learning and depth)--when resorting to neural networks for solving general problems. The paper will present a solution for lowering some constants, by playing on the depth-size tradeoff.
Date: April 1, 1997
Creator: Beiu, V.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Wide-area ATM networking for large-scale MPPs (open access)

Wide-area ATM networking for large-scale MPPs

This paper presents early experiences with using high-speed ATM interfaces to connect multiple Intel Paragons on both local and wide area networks. The testbed includes the 1024 and 512 node Paragons running the OSF operating system at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and the 1840 node Paragon running the Puma operating system at Sandia National Laboratories. The experimental OC-12 (622 Mbits/sec) interfaces are built by GigaNet and provide a proprietary API for sending AAL-5 encapsulated packets. PVM is used as the massaging infrastructure and significant modifications have been made to use the GigaNet API, operate in the Puma environment, and attain acceptable performance over local networks. These modifications are described along with a discussion of roadblocks to networking MPPs with high-performance interfaces. Our early prototype utilizes approximately 25 percent of an OC-12 circuit and 80 percent of an OC-3 circuit in send plus acknowledgment ping-pong tests.
Date: April 1, 1997
Creator: Papadopoulos, P.M. & Geist, G.A. II
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Wide range modeling study of dimethyl ether oxidation (open access)

Wide range modeling study of dimethyl ether oxidation

A detailed chemical kinetic model has been used to study dimethyl ether (DME) oxidation over a wide range of conditions. Experimental results obtained in a jet-stirred reactor (JSR) at I and 10 atm, 0.2 < 0 < 2.5, and 800 < T < 1300 K were modeled, in addition to those generated in a shock tube at 13 and 40 bar, 0 = 1.0 and 650 :5 T :5 1300 K. The JSR results are particularly valuable as they include concentration profiles of reactants, intermediates and products pertinent to the oxidation of DME. These data test the Idnetic model severely, as it must be able to predict the correct distribution and concentrations of intermediate and final products formed in the oxidation process. Additionally, the shock tube results are very useful, as they were taken at low temperatures and at high pressures, and thus undergo negative temperature dependence (NTC) behavior. This behavior is characteristic of the oxidation of saturated hydrocarbon fuels, (e.g. the primary reference fuels, n-heptane and iso- octane) under similar conditions. The numerical model consists of 78 chemical species and 336 chemical reactions. The thermodynamic properties of unknown species pertaining to DME oxidation were calculated using THERM.
Date: April 1, 1997
Creator: Pitz, W.J.; Marinov, N.M.; Westbrook, C.K.; Dagaut, P.; Boettner, J-C & Cathonnet, M.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Wildlife mitigation and monitoring report Gunnison, Colorado, site (open access)

Wildlife mitigation and monitoring report Gunnison, Colorado, site

The Uranium Mill Tailings Remedial Action (UMTRA) Project is administered by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE); its purpose is to cleanup uranium mill tailings and other contaminated material at 24 UMTRA Project sites in 10 states. This report summarizes the wildlife mitigation and monitoring program under way at the Gunnison UMTRA Project, Gunnison, Colorado. Remedial action at the Gunnison site was completed in December 1995 and is described in detail in the Gunnison completion report. The impacts of this activity were analyzed in the Gunnison environmental assessment (EA). These impacts included two important game species: the pronghorn antelope (Antilocapra americans) and sage grouse (Wentrocerus urophasianus). Haul truck traffic was predicted to limit antelope access to water sources north of the Tenderfoot Mountain haul road and that truck traffic along this and other haul roads could result in antelope road kills. Clearing land at the disposal cell, haul road and borrow site activities, and the associated human activities also were predicted to negatively impact (directly and indirectly) sage grouse breeding, nesting, loafing, and wintering habitat. As a result, an extensive mitigation and monitoring plan began in 1992. Most of the monitoring studies are complete and the results of these studies, …
Date: April 1, 1997
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Wind resource assessment handbook: Fundamentals for conducting a successful monitoring program (open access)

Wind resource assessment handbook: Fundamentals for conducting a successful monitoring program

This handbook presents industry-accepted guidelines for planning and conducting a wind resource measurement program to support a wind energy feasibility initiative. These guidelines, which are detailed and highly technical, emphasize the tasks of selecting, installing, and operating wind measurement equipment, as well as collecting and analyzing the associated data, once one or more measurement sites are located. The handbook's scope encompasses state-of-the-art measurement and analysis techniques at multiple heights on tall towers (e.g., 40 m) for a measurement duration of at least one year. These guidelines do not represent every possible method of conducting a quality wind measurement program, but they address the most important elements based on field-proven experience. The intended audience for this handbook is any organization or individual who desires the planning framework and detailed procedures for conducting a formally structured wind measurement program. Personnel from the management level to field technicians will find this material applicable. The organizational aspects of a measurement program, including the setting of clear program objectives and designing commensurate measurement and quality assurance plans, all of which are essential to ensuring the program's successful outcome, are emphasized. Considerable attention is also given to the details of actually conducting the measurement program in …
Date: April 1, 1997
Creator: Bailey, Bruce H.; McDonald, Scott L.; Bernadett, Daniel W.; Markus, Michael J. & Elsholz, Kurt V.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The WIPP journey to waste receipt (open access)

The WIPP journey to waste receipt

In the early 1970s the federal government selected an area in southeastern New Mexico containing large underground salt beds as potentially suitable for radioactive waste disposal. An extensive site characterization program was initiated by the federal government. This site became the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant, better known as WIPP. It is now 1997, over two decades after the initial selection of the New Mexico site as a potential radioactive waste repository. Numerous scientific studies, construction activities, and environmental compliance documents have been completed. The US Department of Energy (DOE) has addressed all relevant issues regarding the safety of WIPP and its ability to isolate radioactive waste from the accessible environment. Throughout the last two decades up to the present time, DOE has negotiated through a political, regulatory, and legal maze with regard to WIPP. New regulations have been issued, litigation initiated, and public involvement brought to the forefront of the DOE decision-making process. All of these factors combined to bring WIPP to its present status--at the final stages of working through the licensing requirements for receipt of transuranic (TRU) waste for disposal. Throughout its history, the DOE has stayed true to Congress` mandates regarding WIPP. Steps taken have been necessary …
Date: April 1, 1997
Creator: Barnes, G. J. & Whatley, M. E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
WRAP 1, operational test report 80X non-destructive examination system (open access)

WRAP 1, operational test report 80X non-destructive examination system

This Operational Test Report was performed to verify the WRAP 1 Facility 80X Non-Destructive Examination systems operate in accordance with the system designs and specifications.
Date: April 14, 1997
Creator: Bottenus, R.J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Wylie News (Wylie, Tex.), Vol. 50, No. 44, Ed. 1 Wednesday, April 2, 1997 (open access)

The Wylie News (Wylie, Tex.), Vol. 50, No. 44, Ed. 1 Wednesday, April 2, 1997

Weekly newspaper from Wylie, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: April 2, 1997
Creator: Cook, Margaret
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Wylie News (Wylie, Tex.), Vol. 50, No. 45, Ed. 1 Wednesday, April 9, 1997 (open access)

The Wylie News (Wylie, Tex.), Vol. 50, No. 45, Ed. 1 Wednesday, April 9, 1997

Weekly newspaper from Wylie, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: April 9, 1997
Creator: Cook, Margaret
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Wylie News (Wylie, Tex.), Vol. 50, No. 46, Ed. 1 Wednesday, April 16, 1997 (open access)

The Wylie News (Wylie, Tex.), Vol. 50, No. 46, Ed. 1 Wednesday, April 16, 1997

Weekly newspaper from Wylie, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: April 16, 1997
Creator: Cook, Margaret
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Wylie News (Wylie, Tex.), Vol. 50, No. 47, Ed. 1 Wednesday, April 23, 1997 (open access)

The Wylie News (Wylie, Tex.), Vol. 50, No. 47, Ed. 1 Wednesday, April 23, 1997

Weekly newspaper from Wylie, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: April 23, 1997
Creator: Cook, Margaret
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Wylie News (Wylie, Tex.), Vol. 50, No. 48, Ed. 1 Wednesday, April 30, 1997 (open access)

The Wylie News (Wylie, Tex.), Vol. 50, No. 48, Ed. 1 Wednesday, April 30, 1997

Weekly newspaper from Wylie, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: April 30, 1997
Creator: Cook, Margaret
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Wynnewood Gazette (Wynnewood, Okla.), Vol. 94, No. 52, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 3, 1997 (open access)

The Wynnewood Gazette (Wynnewood, Okla.), Vol. 94, No. 52, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 3, 1997

Weekly newspaper from Wynnewood, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: April 3, 1997
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Wynnewood Gazette (Wynnewood, Okla.), Vol. 95, No. 1, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 10, 1997 (open access)

The Wynnewood Gazette (Wynnewood, Okla.), Vol. 95, No. 1, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 10, 1997

Weekly newspaper from Wynnewood, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: April 10, 1997
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Wynnewood Gazette (Wynnewood, Okla.), Vol. 95, No. 2, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 17, 1997 (open access)

The Wynnewood Gazette (Wynnewood, Okla.), Vol. 95, No. 2, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 17, 1997

Weekly newspaper from Wynnewood, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: April 17, 1997
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Wynnewood Gazette (Wynnewood, Okla.), Vol. 95, No. 3, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 24, 1997 (open access)

The Wynnewood Gazette (Wynnewood, Okla.), Vol. 95, No. 3, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 24, 1997

Weekly newspaper from Wynnewood, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: April 24, 1997
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History