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0.5 μm E/D AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructure field effect transistor technology with DFET threshold adjust implant
A doped-channel heterostructure field effect transistor (H-FET) technology has been developed with self-aligned refractory gate processing and using both enhancement- and depletion-mode transistors. D-HFET devices are obtained with a threshold voltage adjust implant into material designed for E-HFET operation. Both E- and D-HFETs utilize W/WSi bilayer gates, sidewall spacers, and rapid thermal annealing for controlling short channel effects. The 0.5 {mu}m E- HFETs (D-HFETs) have been demonstrated with transconductance of 425 mS/mm (265-310 mS/mm) and f{sub t} of 45-50 GHz. Ring oscillator gate delays of 19 ps with a power of 0.6 mW have been demonstrated using direct coupled FET logic. These results are comparable to previous doped-channel HFET devices and circuits fabricated by selective reactive ion etching rather than ion implantation for threshold voltage adjustment.
Date:
April 1997
Creator:
Baca, A. G.; Sherwin, M. E.; Zolper, J. C.; Shul, R. J.; Briggs, R. D.; Heise, J. A. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
A 3-Axis Force Balanced Accelerometer Using a Single Proof-Mass
This paper presents a new method for wideband force balancing a proof-mass in multiple axes simultaneously. Capacitive position sense and force feedback are accomplished using the same air-gap capacitors through time multiplexing. Proof of concept is experimentally demonstrated with a single-mass monolithic surface micromachined 3-axis accelerometer.
Date:
April 1997
Creator:
Lemkin, M.A.; Boser, B.E.; Auslander, D. & Smith, J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
4. International reservoir characterization technical conference
This volume contains the Proceedings of the Fourth International Reservoir Characterization Technical Conference held March 2-4, 1997 in Houston, Texas. The theme for the conference was Advances in Reservoir Characterization for Effective Reservoir Management. On March 2, 1997, the DOE Class Workshop kicked off with tutorials by Dr. Steve Begg (BP Exploration) and Dr. Ganesh Thakur (Chevron). Tutorial presentations are not included in these Proceedings but may be available from the authors. The conference consisted of the following topics: data acquisition; reservoir modeling; scaling reservoir properties; and managing uncertainty. Selected papers have been processed separately for inclusion in the Energy Science and Technology database.
Date:
April 1997
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
100 years of elementary particles [Beam Line, vol. 27, issue 1, Spring 1997]
This issue of Beam Line commemorates the 100th anniversary of the April 30, 1897 report of the discovery of the electron by J.J. Thomson and the ensuing discovery of other subatomic particles. In the first three articles, theorists Abraham Pais, Steven Weinberg, and Chris Quigg provide their perspectives on the discoveries of elementary particles as well as the implications and future directions resulting from these discoveries. In the following three articles, Michael Riordan, Wolfgang Panofsky, and Virginia Trimble apply our knowledge about elementary particles to high-energy research, electronics technology, and understanding the origin and evolution of our Universe.
Date:
April 1, 1997
Creator:
Pais, Abraham; Weinberg, Steven; Quigg, Chris; Riordan, Michael; Panofsky, Wolfgang K.H. & Trimble, Virginia
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
15th Street News (Midwest City, Okla.), Vol. 26, No. 24, Ed. 1 Friday, April 4, 1997
Newspaper from Rose State College in Midwest City, Oklahoma that includes national, local, and campus news along with advertising.
Date:
April 4, 1997
Creator:
Easttom, Holly
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
15th Street News (Midwest City, Okla.), Vol. 26, No. 25, Ed. 1 Friday, April 11, 1997
Newspaper from Rose State College in Midwest City, Oklahoma that includes national, local, and campus news along with advertising.
Date:
April 11, 1997
Creator:
Easttom, Holly
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
15th Street News (Midwest City, Okla.), Vol. 26, No. 26, Ed. 1 Friday, April 18, 1997
Newspaper from Rose State College in Midwest City, Oklahoma that includes national, local, and campus news along with advertising.
Date:
April 18, 1997
Creator:
Easttom, Holly
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
15th Street News (Midwest City, Okla.), Vol. 26, No. 27, Ed. 1 Friday, April 25, 1997
Newspaper from Rose State College in Midwest City, Oklahoma that includes national, local, and campus news along with advertising.
Date:
April 25, 1997
Creator:
Easttom, Holly
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
1996 Laboratory directed research and development annual report
This report summarizes progress from the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program during fiscal year 1996. In addition to a programmatic and financial overview, the report includes progress reports from 259 individual R&D projects in seventeen categories. The general areas of research include: engineered processes and materials; computational and information sciences; microelectronics and photonics; engineering sciences; pulsed power; advanced manufacturing technologies; biomedical engineering; energy and environmental science and technology; advanced information technologies; counterproliferation; advanced transportation; national security technology; electronics technologies; idea exploration and exploitation; production; and science at the interfaces - engineering with atoms.
Date:
April 1, 1997
Creator:
Meyers, C. E.; Harvey, C. L.; Lopez-Andreas, L. M.; Chavez, D. L. & Whiddon, C. P.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
1997 Hanford site report on land disposal restrictions for mixed waste
The baseline land disposal restrictions (LDR) plan was prepared in 1990 in accordance with the Hanford Federal Facility Agreement and Consent Order (commonly referred to as the Tn-Party Agreement) Milestone M-26-00 (Ecology et al, 1989). The text of this milestone is below. ''LDR requirements include limitations on storage of specified hazardous wastes (including mixed wastes). In accordance with approved plans and schedules, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) shall develop and implement technologies necessary to achieve full compliance with LDR requirements for mixed wastes at the Hanford Site. LDR plans and schedules shall be developed with consideration of other action plan milestones and will not become effective until approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (or Washington State Department of Ecology [Ecology]) upon authorization to administer LDRs pursuant to Section 3006 of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976 (RCRA). Disposal of LDR wastes at any time is prohibited except in accordance with applicable LDR requirements for nonradioactive wastes at all times. The plan will include, but not be limited to, the following: Waste characterization plan; Storage report; Treatment report; Treatment plan; Waste minimization plan; A schedule depicting the events necessary to achieve full compliance with LDR requirements; …
Date:
April 7, 1997
Creator:
Black, D.G.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
1997 update for the applications guide to vehicle SNM monitors
Ten years have elapsed since the publication of the original applications guide to vehicle special nuclear material (SNM) monitors. During that interval, use of automatic vehicle monitors has become more commonplace, and formal procedures for monitor upkeep and evaluation have become available. New concepts for vehicle monitoring are being explored, as well. This update report reviews the basics of vehicle SNM monitoring, discusses what is new in vehicle SNM monitoring, and catalogs the vehicle SNM monitors that are commercial available.
Date:
April 1, 1997
Creator:
York, R. L. & Fehlau, P. E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
3D electromagnetic inversion for environmental site characterization
A 3-D non-linear electromagnetic inversion scheme has been developed to produce images of subsurface conductivity structure from electromagnetic geophysical data. The solution is obtained by successive linearized model updates where full forward modeling is employed at each iteration to compute model sensitivities and predicted data. Regularization is applied to the problem to provide stability. Because the inverse part of the problem requires the solution of 10`s to 100`s of thousands of unknowns, and because each inverse iteration requires many forward models to be computed, the code has been implemented on massively parallel computer platforms. The use of the inversion code to image environmental sites is demonstrated on a data set collected with the Apex Parametrics {open_quote}MaxMin I-8S{close_quote} over a section of stacked barrels and metal filled boxes at the Idaho National Laboratory`s {open_quote}Cold Test Pit{close_quote}. The MaxMin is a loop-loop frequency domain system which operates from 440 Hz up to 56 kHz using various coil separations; for this survey coil separations of 15, 30 and 60 feet were employed. The out-of phase data are shown to be of very good quality while the in-phase are rather noisy due to slight mispositioning errors, which cause improper cancellation of the primary free …
Date:
April 1, 1997
Creator:
Alumbaugh, D.L. & Newman, G.A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Ab-initio calculations of density of states for Ti-oxide
Electron energy-loss spectroscopy has been shown to be a powerful tool to determine the chemistry and the electronic structure at grain boundaries by analyzing the energy loss near edge structure (ELNES). This paper describes the ability of ab-initio density of state calculations to perform detailed quantitative analysis at interfaces.
Date:
April 1, 1997
Creator:
Duscher, G.; Koestlmeier, S. & Elsaesser, C.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Abilene Philharmonic Playbill: April 12-April 26, 1997
Program for an Abilene Philharmonic concert that ran from April 12th to April 26th (pop seventh and classical eighth concerts) during the 47th season. It includes information about the pieces performed, artists and musicians, and advertising from local companies.
Date:
April 1997
Creator:
Abilene Philharmonic
Object Type:
Pamphlet
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Accelerated life test of the USDOE OC-OTEC experimental system refurbished with magnetic bearings for the 3rd stage vacuum compressor. Final report
This report documents the accelerated life test (time-to-failure) performed, at the request of DOE, to evaluate the viability of the magnetic bearing system installed in the stage 3 vacuum pump. To this effect the plant was successfully operated for over 500 hours during the period September-November 1996. The first part of this report discusses system performance by deriving subsystem and system performance parameters from a typical record. This is followed by the discussion of the life tests. The instrumentation used to estimate the performance parameters given here is depicted. The third stage pump was operated for 535 hours without incident. It is concluded that magnetic bearings are the preferable choice for the OC-OTEC centrifugal vacuum pumps.
Date:
April 1, 1997
Creator:
Vega, L.A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Acceleration and collision of ultra-high energy particles using crystal channels
We assume that, independent of any near-term discoveries, the continuing goal of experimental high-energy physics (HEP) will be to achieve ultra-high center-of-mass energies early in the next century. To progress to these energies in such a brief span of time will require a radical change in accelerator and collider technology. We review some of our recent theoretical work on high-gradient acceleration of charged particles along crystal channels and the possibility of colliding them in these same strong-focusing atomic channels. An improved understanding of energy and emittance limitations in natural crystal accelerators leads to the suggestion that specially manufactured nano-accelerators may someday enable us to accelerate particles beyond 10{sup 8} eV with emittances limited only by the uncertainty principle of quantum mechanics.
Date:
April 1, 1997
Creator:
Chen, P. & Noble, R.J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Acceptability of risk from radiation: Application to human space flight
This one of NASA`s sponsored activities of the NCRP. In 1983, NASA asked NCRP to examine radiation risks in space and to make recommendations about career radiation limits for astronauts (with cancer considered as the principal risk). In conjunction with that effort, NCRP was asked to convene this symposium; objective is to examine the technical, strategic, and philosophical issues pertaining to acceptable risk and radiation in space. Nine papers are included together with panel discussions and a summary. Selected papers are indexed separately for inclusion in the Energy Science and Technology Database.
Date:
April 30, 1997
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Acceptance test procedure for the master equipment list (MEL)database system -- phase I
The Waste Remediation System/.../Facilities Configuration Management Integration group has requested development of a system to help resolve many of the difficulties associated with management of master equipment list information. This project has been identified as Master Equipment List (MEL) database system. Further definition is contained in the system requirements specification (SRS), reference 7.
Date:
April 10, 1997
Creator:
Jech, J.B.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Accuracy estimation for supervised learning algorithms
This paper illustrates the relative merits of three methods - k-fold Cross Validation, Error Bounds, and Incremental Halting Test - to estimate the accuracy of a supervised learning algorithm. For each of the three methods we point out the problem they address, some of the important assumptions that are based on, and illustrate them through an example. Finally, we discuss the relative advantages and disadvantages of each method.
Date:
April 1, 1997
Creator:
Glover, C. W.; Oblow, E. M. & Rao, N. S. V.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
An Adaptive Level Set Approach for Incompressible Two-Phase Flows
In Sussman, Smereka and Osher, a numerical method using the level set approach was formulated for solving incompressible two-phase flow with surface tension. In the level set approach, the interface is represented as the zero level set of a smooth function; this has the effect of replacing the advection of density, which has steep gradients at the interface, with the advection of the level set function, which is smooth. In addition, the interface can merge or break up with no special treatment. The authors maintain the level set function as the signed distance from the interface in order to robustly compute flows with high density ratios and stiff surface tension effects. In this work, they couple the level set scheme to an adaptive projection method for the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, in order to achieve higher resolution of the interface with a minimum of additional expense. They present two-dimensional axisymmetric and fully three-dimensional results of air bubble and water drop computations.
Date:
April 1, 1997
Creator:
Sussman, M.; Almgren, A. S. & Bell, J. B.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Addressing environmental justice under the National Environment Policy Act at Sandia National Laboratories/New Mexico
Under Executive Order 12898, Federal Actions to Address Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations, the Department of Energy (DOE) and Sandia National Laboratories New Mexico (SNL) are required to identify and address, as appropriate, disproportionately high, adverse human health or environmental effects of their activities on minority and low-income populations. The National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) also requires that environmental justice issues be identified and addressed. This presents a challenge for SNL because it is located in a culturally diverse area. Successfully addressing potential impacts is contingent upon accurately identifying them through objective analysis of demographic information. However, an effective public participation process, which is necessarily subjective, is also needed to understand the subtle nuances of diverse populations that can contribute to a potential impact, yet are not always accounted for in a strict demographic profile. Typically, there is little or no coordination between these two disparate processes. This report proposes a five-step method for reconciling these processes and uses a hypothetical case study to illustrate the method. A demographic analysis and community profile of the population within 50 miles of SNL were developed to support the environmental justice analysis process and enhance SNL`s NEPA and public involvement …
Date:
April 1, 1997
Creator:
Cohen, Timothy M. & Bleakly, Denise R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Advanced compact laser scanning system enhancements for gear and thread measurements. Final CRADA report
The measurement, or metrology, of physical objects is a fundamental requirement for industrial progress. Dimensional measurement capability lies at the heart of ones ability to produce objects within the required technical specifications. Dimensional metrology systems are presently dominated by touch-probe technologies, which are mature and reliable. Due to the intricate geometries required in certain fields of manufacturing, these contract probes cannot be physically brought in proximity to the measurement surface, or lack sufficient lateral resolution to satisfactorily determine the surface profile, which can occur in the measurement of gears, splines and thread. Optical probes are viable candidates to supplement the contact probes, since light can be focused to less than one micron (40 microinches), no contact occurs that can mar highly finished surfaces, and no probes must be replaced due to wear. However, optical probes typically excel only on one type of surface: mirror-like or diffuse, and the optical stylus itself is oftentimes not as compact as its contact probe counterpart. Apeiron, Inc. has pioneered the use of optical non-contact sensors to measure machined parts, especially threads, gears and splines. The Oak Ridge Metrology Center at Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant are world-class experts in dimensional metrology. The goal of this …
Date:
April 4, 1997
Creator:
McKeethan, W. M.; Maxey, L. C.; Bernacki, B. E. & Castore, Gien
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Advanced Computational Simulation for Design and Manufacturing of Lightweight Material Components for Automotive Applications
Computational vehicle models for the analysis of lightweight material performance in automobiles have been developed through collaboration between Oak Ridge National Laboratory, the National Highway Transportation Safety Administration, and George Washington University. The vehicle models have been verified against experimental data obtained from vehicle collisions. The crashed vehicles were analyzed, and the main impact energy dissipation mechanisms were identified and characterized. Important structural parts were extracted and digitized and directly compared with simulation results. High-performance computing played a key role in the model development because it allowed for rapid computational simulations and model modifications. The deformation of the computational model shows a very good agreement with the experiments. This report documents the modifications made to the computational model and relates them to the observations and findings on the test vehicle. Procedural guidelines are also provided that the authors believe need to be followed to create realistic models of passenger vehicles that could be used to evaluate the performance of lightweight materials in automotive structural components.
Date:
April 1, 1997
Creator:
Simunovic, S.; Aramayo, G. A.; Zacharia, T.; Toridis, T. G.; Bandak, F. & Ragland, C. L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Advanced Industrial Materials (AIM) program. Compilation of project summaries and significant accomplishments FY 1996
In many ways, the Advanced Industrial Materials (AIM) Program underwent a major transformation in Fiscal Year 1995 and these changes have continued to the present. When the Program was established in 1990 as the Advanced Industrial Concepts (AIC) Materials Program, the mission was to conduct applied research and development to bring materials and processing technologies from the knowledge derived from basic research to the maturity required for the end use sectors for commercialization. In 1995, the Office of Industrial Technologies (OIT) made radical changes in structure and procedures. All technology development was directed toward the seven {open_quotes}Vision Industries{close_quotes} that use about 80% of industrial energy and generated about 90% of industrial wastes. These are: (1) Aluminum; (2) Chemical; (3) Forest Products; (4) Glass; (5) Metal Casting; (6) Refineries; and (7) Steel. This report is a compilation of project summaries and significant accomplishments on materials.
Date:
April 1, 1997
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library