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Status of stable isotope enrichment, products, and services at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory
The Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) has been supplying enriched stable and radioactive isotopes to the research, medical, and industrial communities for over 50 years. Very significant changes have occurred in this effort over the past several years, and, while many of these changes have had a negative impact on the availability of enriched isotopes, more recent developments are actually improving the situation for both the users and the producers of enriched isotopes. ORNL is still a major producer and distributor of radioisotopes, but future isotope enrichment operations conducted at the Isotope Enrichment Facility (IEF) will be limited to stable isotopes. Among the positive changes in the enriched stable isotope area are a well-functioning, long-term contract program, which offers stability and pricing advantages; the resumption of calutron operations; the adoption of prorated conversion charges, which greatly improves the pricing of isotopes to small users; SIO 9002 registration of the IEF`s quality management system; and a much more customer-oriented business philosophy. Efforts are also being made to restore and improve upon the extensive chemical and physical form processing capabilities that once existed in the enriched stable isotope program. Innovative ideas are being pursued in both technical and administrative areas to encourage …
Date:
October 1, 1996
Creator:
Aaron, W.S.; Tracy, J.G. & Collins, E.D.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
New phenomena results presented at the 1996 A.P.S. Division of Particles and Fields meeting
This paper is a compendium of the D0 papers submitted to the 1996 Division of Particles and Fields meeting in Minneapolis/St. Paul, Minnesota. Each paper is reproduced here in full. The papers are: (1) a search for squarks and gluinos in the dielectron channel; (2) search for excited quarks decaying to two-jets with the D0 detector; (3) search for di-jet resonances produced in association with W bosons at D0; (4) search for first generation scalar leptoquarks at D0 detector; (5) search for SUSY gaugino production through the trilepton signature; (6) search for heavy neutral gauge bosons at D0.
Date:
October 1, 1996
Creator:
Abachi, S.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Radiative higgs boson decays H {yields} f{anti f}{gamma}
Higgs boson radiative decays of the form H {r_arrow} f{ovr f}{gamma} are calculated in the Standard Model using the complete one-loop expressions for the decay amplitudes. Contributions to the radiative width from leptons and light quarks are given. We also present e{ovr e} invariant mass distributions for H {r_arrow} e{ovr e}{gamma}, which illustrate the importance of the photon pole contribution and the effects of the box diagrams. 4 refs., 6 figs.
Date:
October 10, 1996
Creator:
Abbasabadi, A.; Bowser-Chao, D.; Repko, W.W. & Dicus, D.A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
[RE: Goals 2000 Arts Education Partnership Meeting Notes]
Photocopy of a memo from Julie Abel, program associate of the Getty Center for Education in the Arts, to the Regional Institute Grant Directors. The memo is in regards to the key points and recommendations from the September 20, 1996 Goals 2000 Arts Educational Leadership fund meeting. Attached with the memo is the meeting report.
Date:
October 14, 1996
Creator:
Abel, Julie
Object Type:
Letter
System:
The UNT Digital Library
[E-mail from Julie Anne Abel to D. Jack Davis and R. William McCarter, October 9, 1996]
An e-mail from Julie Anne Abel to D. Jack Davis and R. William McCarter about the North Texas Institute for Educators on the Visual Arts advocacy project.
Date:
October 9, 1996
Creator:
Abel, Julie Anne
Object Type:
Letter
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Surface modified coals for enhanced catalyst dispersion and liquefaction. Semiannual progress report, September 1, 1995--February 29, 1996
The aim of this work is to enhance catalyst loading and dispersion in coal for improved liquefaction by preadsorption of surfactants onto coal. The application of surfactants to coal beneficiation and coal-water slurry preparation is well known. However, the effects of surfactants on catalyst loading and dispersion prior to coal liquefaction have not been investigated. The current work is focused on the influence of the cationic surfactant dodecyl dimethyl ethyl ammonium bromide (DDAB) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS, anionic) on the surface properties of a bituminous coal and its molybdenum uptake from solution. The results show that DDAB created positively charged sites on the coal and increased molybdenum loading compared to the original coal. In contrast, SDS rendered the coal surface negative and reduced molybdenum uptake. The results show that efficient loading of molybdenum catalyst onto coal can be achieved by pretreatment of the coal with dodecyl dimethyl ethyl ammonium bromide.
Date:
October 1, 1996
Creator:
Abotsi, G.M.K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Lean-burn hydrogen spark-ignited engines: the mechanical equivalent to the fuel cell
Fuel cells are considered as the ideal power source for future vehicles, due to their high efficiency and low emissions. However, extensive use of fuel cells in light-duty vehicles is likely to be years away, due to their high manufacturing cost. Hydrogen-fueled, spark-ignited, homogeneous-charge engines offer a near-term alternative to fuel cells. Hydrogen in a spark-ignited engine can be burned at very low equivalence ratios, so that NO[sub x] emissions can be reduced to less than 10 ppm without catalyst. HC and CO emissions may result from oxidation of engine oil, but by proper design are negligible (a few ppm). Lean operation also results in increased indicated efficiency due to the thermodynamic properties of the gaseous mixture contained in the cylinder. The high effective octane number of hydrogen allows the use of a high compression ratio, further increasing engine efficiency. In this paper, a simplified engine model is used for predicting hydrogen engine efficiency and emissions. The model uses basic thermodynamic equations for the compression and expansion processes, along with an empirical correlation for heat transfer, to predict engine indicated efficiency. A friction correlation and a supercharger/turbocharger model are then used to calculate brake thermal efficiency. The model is validated …
Date:
October 1, 1996
Creator:
Aceves, S. M. & Smith, J. R.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Thermal analysis of simulated Pantex pit storage
This report investigates potential pit storage configurations that could be used at the Mason and Hanger Pantex Plant. The study utilizes data from a thermal test series performed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) that simulated these storage configurations. The heat output values used in the LLNL test series do not represent actual pits but are rounded numbers that were chosen for convenience to allow parameter excursions. Specifically in this project, we are modeling the heat transfer and air flow around cylindrical storage containers in Pantex magazines in order to predict container temperatures. This difficult problem in thermal- fluid mechanics involves transient, three-dimensional (3-D) natural convection and thermal radiation around interacting containers with various heat generation rates. Our approach is to link together two computational methods in order to synthesize a modeling procedure for a large array of pit storage containers. The approach employs a finite element analysis of a few containers, followed by a lumped- parameter model of an array of containers. The modeling procedure we developed was applied in the simulation of a recent experiment where temperatures of pit storage containers were monitored in a steady- state, controlled environment. Our calculated pit container temperatures are comparable with data …
Date:
October 1, 1996
Creator:
Aceves, S.M., Kornblum, B.T.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
National Ignition Facility subsystem design requirements final optics assembly subsystem SSDR 1.8.7
This SSDR establishes the performance, design, development and test requirements for the Final Optic Assembly (FOA). The FOA (WBS 1.8.7) as part of the Target Experimental System (1.8) includes vacuum windows, frequency conversion crystals, focus lens, debris shields and supporting mechanical equipment.
Date:
October 20, 1996
Creator:
Adams, C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
`HERON` as a Dark Matter Detector?
``{bold HERON}``, which is the acronym for `` {bold He}lium: {bold Ro}ton detection of {bold N}eutrinos``, is a project whose principal goal is a next generation detector of solar neutrinos from the p-p and {sup 7}Be branches. It will utilize superfluid helium as the target material and employ event energy transport out of the target by phonon and roton processes unique to helium. Many of the challenges presented for dark matter detection are very similar to those for low energy solar neutrinos. We present new results from our feasibility studies for {bold HERON} which indicate an asymmetry in the roton emission distribution from stopping particles and the ability to detect simultaneously the ultraviolet fluorescence photons also emitted. These features are potentially valuable for solar neutrino detection and the question is explored as to whether or not the same helium technique could be valuable for WIMP dark matter detection.
Date:
October 1, 1996
Creator:
Adams, J. S.; Bandler, S. R.; Brouer, S. M.; Enss, C.; Lanou, R. E.; Maris, H. J. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Experimental Investigation of Liquid-Level Measuring Accuracy in a Low Pressure Environment
Dip Tubes which are used for determining liquid level in many processes at SRS will be used to measure the liquid level of the Am/Cm solution in the Feed Tank at the MPPF. The Feed Tank operates under a vacuum, therefore the Dip Tubes will operate under a vacuum. Uncertainty in how accurate the Dip Tubes would perform in a vacuum environment led to testing. The Am/Cm Melter Liquid-Feed Tank measurement test was mocked-up per Figure 1. The Feed Tank was designed to simulate actual conditions in which the Dip Tubes would measure the differential pressure. The Feed Tank was made of Stainless Steel with a Lexan window to view inside the tank during testing. The Feed Tank was built per Drawing SRT-ETF-DD-96008, Revision A. The accuracy of the Dip Tubes was checked first by filling the Feed Tank at a flow rate of 3.5 L/min and venting it to the atmosphere. Figure 2 shows that the Dip Tubes were responsive and accurate when compared to the data from the measuring scale on the view window. Then tests were conducted with 23y Hg vacuum inside the tank and water flow rates of 3.9 L/min, 1.8 L/min, and 0.7 L/min being …
Date:
October 1996
Creator:
Adamson, D. J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Expedited Technology Demonstration Project Baseline Revision 3.0
The Expedited Technology Demonstration Project Plan, MWNT Revised Baseline 3.0, replaces and significantly modifies the current baseline. The revised plan will focus efforts specifically on the demonstration of an integrated Molten Salt Oxidation (MSO) system. In addition to the MSO primary unit, offgas, and salt recycle subsystems, the demonstrations will include the generation of robust final forms from process mineral residues. A simplified process flow chart for the expedited demonstration is shown. To minimize costs and to accelerate the schedule for deployment, the integrated system will be staged in an existing facility at LLNL equipped to handle hazardous and radioactive materials. The MSO systems will be activated in FY97, followed by the activation of final forms in FY98.
Date:
October 1996
Creator:
Adamson, M. G. & Densley, P. J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Development of a video-based slurry sensor for on-line ash analysis. Eighth quarterly technical progress report, July 1, 1996--September 30, 1996
Automatic control of fine coal cleaning circuits has traditionally been limited by the lack of sensors for on-line ash analysis. Although several nuclear-based analyzers are available, none have seen widespread acceptance. This is largely due to the fact that nuclear sensors are expensive and tend to be influenced by changes in seam type and pyrite content. Recently, researchers at VPI&SU have developed an optical sensor for phosphate analysis. The sensor uses image processing technology to analyze video images of phosphate ore. It is currently being used by PCS Phosphate for off-fine analysis of dry flotation concentrate. The primary advantages of optical sensors over nuclear sensors are that they are significantly cheaper, are not subject to measurement variations due to changes in high atomic number minerals, are inherently safer and require no special radiation permitting. The purpose of this work is to apply the knowledge gained in the development of an optical phosphate analyzer to the development of an on-fine ash analyzer for fine coal slurries. During the past quarter, installation of the video-based ash analyzer at the Middle Fork plant site was completed. A method of measuring and automatically adjusting for small variations in the sensor illumination scheme was developed …
Date:
October 22, 1996
Creator:
Adel, G. T. & Luttrell, G. H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Safety evaluation for packaging (onsite) for concrete-shielded RHTRU waste drum for the 327 postirradiation testing laboratory
This safety evaluation for packaging authorizes onsite transport of Type B quantities of radioactive material in the Concrete- Shielded Remote-Handled Transuranic Waste (RH TRU) Drum per WHC-CM-2-14, Hazardous Material Packaging and Shipping. The drum will be used for transport of 327 Building legacy waste from the 300 Area to the Transuranic Waste Storage and Assay Facility in the 200 West Area and on to a Solid Waste Storage Facility, also in the 200 Area.
Date:
October 29, 1996
Creator:
Adkins, H. E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Technical Support Section annual work plan for FY 1997
The Technical Support Section (TSS) of the Instrumentation and Controls (I&C) Division of Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) provides technical services such as fabrication, modification, installation, calibration, operation, repair, and preventive maintenance of instruments and other related equipment. Work performed by TSS is in support of basic and applied research and development (R&D), engineering, and instrument and computer systems managed by ORNL. Because the activities and priorities of TSS must be adapted to the technical support needs of ORNL, the TSS Annual Work Plan is derived from, and driven directly by, current trends in the budgets and activities of each ORNL division for which TSS provides support such as reductions in the staffing levels. TSS does not have an annual budget to cover operating expenses incurred in providing instrument maintenance support to ORNL. Each year, TSS contacts ORNL division finance managers or division finance officers to obtain information concerning projected funding levels of programs and facilities they manage. TSS workforce and resource projections are based on the information obtained and are weighted depending on the percentage of support provided to that division or program. The Long- Range Work Plan is based on estimates of impact of the long-range priorities and …
Date:
October 1, 1996
Creator:
Adkisson, B. P.; Allison, K. L.; Effler, R. P.; Hess, R. A.; Keeble, T. A.; Odom, S. M. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Electrorheological fluids
An Electrorheological fluid is normally a low-viscosity colloidal suspension, but when an electric field is applied, the fluid undergoes a reversible transition to a solid, being able to support considerable stress without yield. Commercial possibilities for such fluids are enormous, including clutches, brakes, valves,shock absorbers, and stepper motors. However, performance of current fluids is inadequate for many proposed applications. Our goal was to engineer improved fluids by investigating the key technical issues underlying the solid-phase yield stress and the liquid to solid switching time. Our studies focused on field-induced interactions between colloidal particles that lead to solidification, the relation between fluid structure and performance (viscosity, yield stress), and the time evolution of structure in the fluid as the field is switched on or off.
Date:
October 1, 1996
Creator:
Adolf, D.; Anderson, R.; Garino, T.; Halsey, T. C.; Hance, B.; Martin, J. E. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Nuclear structure and shapes from prompt gamma ray spectroscopy of fission products
Many nuclear shape phenomena are predicted to occur in neutron-rich nuclei. The best source for the production of these nuclides is the spontaneous fission which produces practically hundreds of nuclides with yields of greater than 0.1 % per decay. Measurements of coincident gamma rays with large Ge arrays have recently been made to obtain information on nuclear structures and shapes of these neutron- rich nuclei. Among the important results that have been obtained from such measurements are octupole correlations in Ba isotopes, triaxial shapes in Ru nuclei, two-phonon vibrations in {sup 106}Mo and level lifetimes and quadrupole moments in Nd isotopes and A=100 nuclei. These data have been used to test theoretical models.
Date:
October 1, 1996
Creator:
Ahmad, I.; Morss, L. R. & Durell, J. L.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Ash and pulverized coal deposition in combustors and gasifiers. Quarterly technical progress report, April 1, 1996--June 30, 1996
The general goal of this project is to provide a fundamental understanding of deposition processes of flyash and pulverized coal particles in coal combustors and coal gasifiers. In the period of April 1 to June 30, 1996, further research progress was made. The computational model for simulating particle motions in turbulent flows was applied to the dispersion and deposition analysis. The study of particle transport and deposition in a circular duct was completed and the major findings are summarized. A detailed model for particle resuspension process in a gas flow is developed. The new model accounts for the surface adhesion, surface roughness, as well as the structure of near wall turbulent flows. The model also accounts for all the relevant hydrodynamic forces and torques exerted on the particle attached to a surface. Progress was also made in the experimental study of glass fiber transport and deposition in the aerosol wind tunnel.
Date:
October 1, 1996
Creator:
Ahmadi, G.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Phase changes in f-electron metals: discrepancies between experiment and theory
Using a diamond anvil cell, phase transformation and RT equation of state for lanthanide and actinides were studied to multimegabars. Experimental data are compared with theoretical crystal structural changes and P-V relations. A generalized trend for phase transformations in lanthanides can be seen, which has broad agreement with theory. Broad agreement is also seen for structural changes in lighter actinides, with some discrepancies. It is concluded that an accurate, robust theoretical base for predicting phase transformations in the f- electron metals can be developed by incorporating DAC data as markers for fine tuning the theory.
Date:
October 1, 1996
Creator:
Akella, J.; Weir, S. T.; Smith, G. S. & Ruddle, C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Phase Identification in Reactive Sintering of Molybdenum Disilicide Composites
Molybdenum disilicide has been predominantly used for furnace heating elements, but recently there has been interest in its use for high temperature structural applications. The reason for this increased interest stems from its desirable characteristics which are a high melting point, relatively low density, good oxidation resistance, relatively good thermal conductivity and electronically conductive. The melting point of MoSi{sub 2} is approximately 2030{degrees}C as compared to a melting point of 1340{degrees}C for the Ni-based superalloys. This could potentially give MoSi{sub 2} a big advantage over the Ni-based superalloys in turbine applications because the operating temperature can be increased resulting in an increase in turbine efficiency and reduced emissions. The relatively low density (6.25g/cm{sup 3}) compared to the Ni-based superalloys (8.9 g/cm{sup 3}) is an important advantage in turbine applications because of the need for low weight. Good oxidation resistance stems from the ability of MoSi{sub 2} to form a protective SiO{sub 2} surface layer when exposed to oxygen. Another advantageous feature of MoSi{sub 2} is its thermal conductivity which is superior to Ni-based superalloys at low temperatures and comparable to the Ni-based superalloys at high temperatures. This allows heat to be dissipated at a rate better than ceramics and comparable …
Date:
October 1, 1996
Creator:
Alba, Jose, Jr.
Object Type:
Thesis or Dissertation
System:
The UNT Digital Library
QCD subgroup on diffractive and forward physics
The goal is to understand the pomeron, and hence the behavior of total cross sections, elastic scattering and diffractive excitation, in terms of the underlying theory, QCD. A description of the basic ideas and phenomenology is followed by a discussion of hadron-hadron and electron-proton experiments. An appendix lists recommended diffractive-physics terms and definitions. 44 refs., 6 figs.
Date:
October 1, 1996
Creator:
Albrow, M.G.; Baker, W. & Bhatti, A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The MACHO project: Microlensing and variable stars
The MACHO Project monitors millions of stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud, the Small Magellanic Cloud and the bulge of the Milky Way searching for the gravitational microlensing signature of baryonic dark matter. This Project has yielded surprising results. An analysis of two years of data monitoring the Large Magellanic Cloud points to {approximately} 50% of the mass of the Milky Way`s halo in compact objects of {approximately} 0.5 solar mass. An analysis of one year of monitoring the bulge has yielded more microlensing than predicted without invocation of a massive bar or significant disk dark matter. The huge database of light curves created by this search is yielding information on extremely rare types of astrophysical variability as well as providing temporal detail for the study of well known variable astrophysical phenomena. The variable star catalog created from this database is previewed and example light curves are presented. 31 refs., 7 figs., 1 tab.
Date:
October 1, 1996
Creator:
Alcock, C.; Alves, D. R.; Axelrod, T. S.; Bennett, D. P.; Marshall, S. L. & Minniti, D.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Boerne Star (Boerne, Tex.), Vol. 92, No. 70, Ed. 1 Tuesday, October 1, 1996
Semiweekly newspaper from Boerne, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
October 1, 1996
Creator:
Aldridge, Leon & D'Amico, Rob
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
The Boerne Star (Boerne, Tex.), Vol. 92, No. 71, Ed. 1 Friday, October 4, 1996
Semiweekly newspaper from Boerne, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
October 4, 1996
Creator:
Aldridge, Leon & D'Amico, Rob
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History