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China's Changing Conditions (open access)

China's Changing Conditions

This report discusses congressional interest in the leadership change and economic transformation underway in China, which has grown substantially over the past two years. Leading congressional concerns focus on how economic conditions in China pose opportunities for U.S. enterprise and how the evolution of conditions in China foster U.S. security, economic, and political interests. Congressional concern with China grew in 1995 as a result of reports of the serious decline in the health of senior Chinese leader Deng Xiao-ping.
Date: May 11, 1995
Creator: Sutter, Robert G.; Kan, Shirley A. & Dumbaugh, Kerry
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
China's Changing Conditions (open access)

China's Changing Conditions

This report discusses congressional interest in the leadership change and economic transformation underway in China, which has grown substantially over the past two years. Leading congressional concerns focus on how economic conditions in China pose opportunities for U.S. enterprise and how the evolution of conditions in China foster U.S. security, economic, and political interests. Congressional concern with China grew in 1995 as a result of reports of the serious decline in the health of senior Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping.
Date: July 6, 1995
Creator: Sutter, Robert G.; Kan, Shirley A. & Dumbaugh, Kerry
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
China's Changing Conditions (open access)

China's Changing Conditions

This report discusses congressional interest in the leadership change and economic transformation underway in China, which has grown substantially over the past two years. Leading congressional concerns focus on how economic conditions in China pose opportunities for U.S. enterprise and how the evolution of conditions in China foster U.S. security, economic, and political interests. Congressional concern with China grew in 1995 as a result of reports of the serious decline in the health of senior Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping.
Date: November 8, 1995
Creator: Sutter, Robert G.; Kan, Shirley A. & Dumbaugh, Kerry
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Taiwan: Recent Development and U.S. Policy Choices (open access)

Taiwan: Recent Development and U.S. Policy Choices

The first weeks of the 104th Congress saw a stream of official visitors from Taiwan urging U.S. lawmakers to support Taiwan's entry into the UN, encourage the Clinton Administratioto allow President Lee to visit the United States in a private capacity, and support greater U.S. arms sales to Taiwan
Date: May 18, 1995
Creator: Sutter, Robert G.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Taiwan: Recent Developments and U.S. Policy Choices (open access)

Taiwan: Recent Developments and U.S. Policy Choices

U.S. policy concerns Taiwan center on striking a proper balance between increasing ties with the People's Republic of China (PRC) while sustaining support for Taiwan. Despite eased tensions in the Taiwan Strait and extensive Taiwan trade with and investment in the China mainland, the two sides remain politically far apart and compete for international influence.
Date: November 8, 1995
Creator: Sutter, Robert G.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Japan's Uncertain Political Transition (open access)

Japan's Uncertain Political Transition

Japan's uncertain political transition began in July 1993, when the conservative Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) -- in power since 1955 -- was replaced by a fragile multiparty coalition. Under Prime Minister Morihiro Hosokawa, the coalition faced turmoil in April 1994, when Hosokawa resigned abruptly amid a personal financial scandal. Then-deputy prime minister/foreign minister Tsutomu Hata succeeded, but only at the head of a minority government as the Social Democratic Party (SDP), a key coalition partner, quit the coalition. Though beset by its own internal squabbles, the LDP remained the single largest party in Japan's bicameral Diet, or parliament. In late June, Hata was forced to resign under threat of an LDP-led no-confidence motion.
Date: October 31, 1995
Creator: Shinn, Rinn-Sup
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Hong Kong's Political Transition: Implications for U.S. Interests (open access)

Hong Kong's Political Transition: Implications for U.S. Interests

On Oct. 7, 1992, Hong Kong's new Governor Christopher Patten unveiled proposals to expand the voting franchise in Hong Kong and broaden the scope of democratic institutions. Patten's proposals reflected a growing desire on the part of the colonial government and the people of Hong Kong that, in the aftermath of the 1989 Tiananmen crackdown, Hong Kong should erect safeguards against capricious Chinese government action after 1997. The proposals were seen by the British authorities as consistent with the 1984 Sino-British Joint Declaration -- the agreement governing Hong Kong's transfer to Chinese rule, but Beijing disagreed.
Date: August 30, 1995
Creator: Sullivan, James Casey & Sutter, Robert G.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Hong Kong's Political Transition: Implications for U.S. Interests (open access)

Hong Kong's Political Transition: Implications for U.S. Interests

On Oct. 7, 1992, Hong Kong's new Governor Christopher Patten's unveiled proposals to expand the voting franchise in Hong Kong and broaden the scope of democratic institutions. Patten's proposals reflected a growing desire on the part of the colonial government and the people of Hong Kong that, in the aftermath of the 1989 Tiananmen crackdown, Hong Kong should erect safeguards against capricious Chinese government action after 1997. The proposals were seen by the British authorities as consistent with the 1984 Sino-British Joint Declaration -- the agreement governing Hong Kong's transfer to Chinese rule, but Beijing disagreed.
Date: October 19, 1995
Creator: Dumbaugh, Kerry
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Hong Kong's Return to China: Implications for U.S. Interests (open access)

Hong Kong's Return to China: Implications for U.S. Interests

In the months approaching China's resumption of sovereignty over Hong Kong on July 1, 1997, policy analysts are trying to assess how the territory will fare under Chinese rule. The answer is important to U.S. interests because of the enormous U.S. economic presence in Hong Kong; because any adverse developments in Hong Kong are likely to affect U.S.-China relations; and because China's promise to give Hong Kong a high degree of autonomy under the "one-China, two-systems" policy has major implications for Taiwan. But given the political situation, the American ability to affect the course of events in Hong Kong seems marginal unless the U.S. decides to confront Beijing more directly. Developments in U.S.-China relations in 1994-1995 suggest Washington might be hesitant to do so.
Date: November 13, 1995
Creator: Dumbaugh, Kerry
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Government Procurement and U.S. Trade Policy (open access)

Government Procurement and U.S. Trade Policy

Governments are the largest single group of buyers of nondefense goods and services and represent a market valued at hundreds of billions of dollars for suppliers.[1] In 1994, the U.S. Federal Government spent approximately $155 billion on nondefense goods and services.
Date: March 10, 1995
Creator: Cooper, William H.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Utah Wilderness Legislation in the 104th Congress (open access)

Utah Wilderness Legislation in the 104th Congress

Legislation to designate wilderness areas on Federal lands administered by the Bureau of Land Management has been introduced in several recent Congresses. Bills in the 104th Congress include H.R. 1500, America's Red Rock Wilderness Act of 1995, and H.R. 1745 and S. 884, Utah Public Lands Management Act of 1995 (identical as introduced). H.R. 1500 would designate 5.7 million acres of wilderness, and reserve Federal water rights. H.R. 1745/S. 884 would designate 1.8 million acres of wilderness, release areas not designated as wilderness, deny Federal reserved water rights, and provide management directions, some of which are exceptions to the standards established in the Wilderness Act.
Date: December 12, 1995
Creator: Gorte, Ross W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Superfund Cleanup Standards Reconsidered (open access)

Superfund Cleanup Standards Reconsidered

The reauthorization of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA), commonly known as Superfund, has focused on two major areas of reform: liability, and cleanup standards/remedy selection.
Date: October 25, 1995
Creator: Gray, Lisa
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Superfund Reauthorization in the Senate: A Summary of S. 1285 (open access)

Superfund Reauthorization in the Senate: A Summary of S. 1285

The Superfund reauthorization vehicle in the Senate is S. 1285, introduced on September 29, 1995, by Senator Bob Smith, chairman of a subcommittee of the Environment and Public Works Committee.
Date: December 29, 1995
Creator: Reisch, Mark
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Space Stations (open access)

Space Stations

Congress continues to debate NASA's Europe, Japan, and Canada to build the plan to build a permanently occupied space station. They plan to provide station. Controversial since its inception in 1984, the space station, called Freedom for many years, was redesigned several times. Now it is tentatively called Alpha.
Date: February 21, 1995
Creator: Smith, Marcia S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Unfunded Mandate Reform Act: A Brief Summary (open access)

Unfunded Mandate Reform Act: A Brief Summary

The Unfunded Mandate Reform Act of 1995 (S. 1; H.R. 5) responds to the concerns of many State and local officials with regard to costs placed upon them by "unfunded mandates." Generally, unfunded mandates are responsibilities or duties placed on one level of government by another without paying the costs of carrying out such responsibilities or duties.
Date: March 17, 1995
Creator: Osbourn, Sandra S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Comparison of 501(c )(3) and 501(c )(4) Organizations (open access)

Comparison of 501(c )(3) and 501(c )(4) Organizations

This paper briefly compares the differences between tax-exempt organizations described in Internal Revenue Code section 501(c)(3) and those described in section 501(c)(4). Although some organizations can qualify as either a 501(c)(3) or a 501(c)(4) organization, there are two outstanding differences between the two categories which may make one type of exemption more desirable than the other: deductibility of contributions and ability to lobby without significant limits.
Date: March 24, 1995
Creator: Morris, Marie B.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
APEC and Free Trade in the Asia Pacific (open access)

APEC and Free Trade in the Asia Pacific

This report discusses the summit held by President Bill Clinton and other leaders of the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) on November 19, 1995. The report discusses the primary reason for the summit, an Action Agenda intended to lead to free and open trade and investment among its members. The report also discusses how APEC countries were divided on certain issues going into this summit.
Date: November 14, 1995
Creator: Nanto, Dick K.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
U.S. Trade Performance: Recent Trends and Prospects (open access)

U.S. Trade Performance: Recent Trends and Prospects

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Date: January 3, 1995
Creator: Elwell, Craig K.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Section 301: Its Operation and Prospects for Future Use by the United States (open access)

Section 301: Its Operation and Prospects for Future Use by the United States

Sections 301 through 309 of the Trade Act of 1974 (as amended), commonly referred to as Section 301, is one of principal means by which the United States addresses "unfair" foreign barriers to U.S. exports and enforces U.S. rights under trade agreements.
Date: March 9, 1995
Creator: Morrison, Wayne M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Regional Free Trade Partners and U.S. Interests: What's Next? (open access)

Regional Free Trade Partners and U.S. Interests: What's Next?

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Date: March 13, 1995
Creator: Ahearn, Raymond J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Financial Services Trade with Japan (open access)

Financial Services Trade with Japan

The 1995 U.S.-Japan Financial Services Agreement further liberalizes aspects of Japan's financial markets, particularly in asset management, corporate securities, cross-border financial services, and in providing greater transparency for administrative procedures. Implementation will have to be monitored, however, and some issues still remain unresolved.
Date: March 24, 1995
Creator: Nanto, Dick K.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Japan-U.S. Automobile and Parts Trade Dispute (open access)

Japan-U.S. Automobile and Parts Trade Dispute

On May 9, 1995, the United States initiated action designed to resolve a dispute with Japan dealing with automobiles and auto parts. In an effort to move negotiations along and resolve a U.S. unfair trade practices case (Section 301) dealing with barriers in the aftermarket for auto parts in Japan, the United States has threatened to impose 100 percent tariffs on imports of thirteen Japanese luxury passenger cars (Honda Acura, Nissan Infiniti, Toyota Lexus, Mazda 929 and Millenia, and Mitsubishi Diamante). The decision will be made by June 28, 1995. The United States also is pursuing a broad unfair trading case dealing with access to Japan's automotive market at the World Trade Organization. Japan, meanwhile, has also initiated a case at the WTO challenging the legality of the threatened increase in U.S. tariffs. Consultations under the WTO on these issues began in Geneva on June 12, 1995.
Date: June 9, 1995
Creator: Nanto, Dick K.; Cooper, William H. & Bass, Gwenell L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Japanese Trade Balance and Exchange Rate: Seeing Through the Numbers (open access)

Japanese Trade Balance and Exchange Rate: Seeing Through the Numbers

Measured in dollars, Japan's global trade surplus stands at a record level. Also in recent months the Japanese yen has appreciated markedly against the dollar. The two events seem to foster a sizable degree of concern among many Americans, perhaps, taken to be evidence of Japan's economic success and the United States' economic failure. Things need not be as they seem, however.
Date: August 3, 1995
Creator: Elwell, Craig K.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The 1995 Japan-U.S. Auto and Parts Trade Dispute: Terms of the Settlement and Implications (open access)

The 1995 Japan-U.S. Auto and Parts Trade Dispute: Terms of the Settlement and Implications

On June 28, 1995, the United States and Japan reached a settlement in a long-running dispute over access to Japan's market for automobiles and parts. 100-percent tariffs by the United States on imports of luxury cars from Japan had been threatened under a Section 301 unfair trade practices case dealing with the aftermarket for autoparts in Japan. This report describes the dispute, the settlement, and questions and issues that still remain.
Date: August 9, 1995
Creator: Nanto, Dick K. & Bass, Gwenell L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library