The MECAR system was scheduled to be used 36 hours during the study period. In practice the system was used a bit more since there is increasing pressure to switch completely over to MECAR. During this period of MECAR operation there were power supply studies, tune calibration, general tune-up with this system, and identification and some repair of bugs found in both the applications program and the MECAR operating system.

The purpose of the study was to identify and correct the problems in the 12 batch coalescing. The final goal is to be able to coalesce 12 booster batches of 11 bunches each into 12 bunches spaced at 21 buckets apart with an average intensity of 200 E9 ppb.

AD/RFI/LLRF group personnel performed several studies with the MR LLRF VXI upgrade system during the evening of 7/29/95. The study period lasted about 4 hours. The MR operating conditions were a mixture of $29 and $2B cycles, with beam injected only on the $29. The author believes the $2B cycles were present for reasons unrelated to the study. The basic study period goal was to test the initial VXI version of MR LLRF finite state machine (FSM) execution. This goal represents what has been called MR LLRF VXI Upgrade Implementation Stage No.2 throughout presentations and documentation on the upgrade project. The test includes control of MR LLRF NIM hardware, the MR RF cavities, and beam via XVI TTL FSM outputs. Numerous MR LLRF VXI system objects, or components, must work together correctly for a successful test. Very briefly, the required objects include VXI Front End hardware, the ACNET/Front End interface code, and the VXI/NIM Interface chassis (the chassis solves VXI-CAMAC-NIM RF and FSM output connectivity and development problems). Though this initial FSM does not yet fully support Upgrade Implementation Stage 2 functionality, all code and hardware for the following basic functionality is tested.

The following is a description of some studies the author made on the resonant Schottky detectors in the Tevatron. The author doubts that this document contains any information that wasn't known previously, but the hope is that this document will serve as a useful self-contained reference for users of the system.

This fact sheet reviews the uses and successes of a new transportable molecular beam mass spectrometer developed by NREL. This sophisticated research tool is used to measure chemical composition of gases created from various industrial processes.

To understand the effect of Main Ring harmonic quadruple correctors. Previous data taken with the harmonic quads did not agree well with the SYNCH calculation. The ultimate goal of this study was to be able to change the harmonic quads and verify the changes in lattice function.

The Q3 magnets have 2 independent heater elements that are energized by the quench protection system. One heater element in the Q3 magnet at A4 became an open circuit after the initial cooldown. Recently the second element became an open circuit. The Q3 magnet at A4 is powered in series with a Q3 magnet at B1. The heaters in the magnet at B1 are still intact. The purpose of this study is to determine if the magnet circuit can be operated without undue risk of damage to the magnets. The risk of damage to the magnet at A4 is less of a concern since repairing the heaters is expected to be a major effort in any event. There is one spare Q3 magnet.

To improve the efficiency of a transversal damper, the common-mode components in the beam signal due to any off-center closed orbit must be suppressed as much as possible. In the present Super Damper the common-mode suppression is accomplished by using a feedback to adjust the dc offset of the front-end integrator. For the proposed main ring damping system, a new front-end circuit using balanced cross-feed forward and feedback has been developed to improve the common-mode rejection and adaptability to changes in the closed-orbit of the front-end. The circuit had been proved on a bench test. The test done on July 30 was to evaluate its effectiveness on the real beam signals.

A cryogenic system upgrade was installed in 1993 to lower the temperature of the Tevatron in order to achieve higher operating energies. Centrifugal cold helium vapor compressors were used to lower the temperature of the two-phase circuit of the Tevatron. A cold compressor (CC) is used at each of the twenty-four satellite refrigerators, allowing each satellite to be individually tuned to the temperature necessary for the magnets. Initial testing took place in December, 1993 and January, 1994. During that time, they uniformly tuned the Tevatron for 11 psia (3.93 K) cold compressor operation. fifteen quenches were achieved. All of them were ramp-to-quench from either a 900 GeV ramp or the QBS test ramp. Approximately ten of the quenches appeared to be training quenches. The ultimate ramp-to-quench energy achieved was 998 GeV. The second major testing sequence took place in July, 1995, just prior to a two month shutdown. Again, the entire Tevatron was tuned for a uniform cold compressor temperature of 11 psia (3.93 K). Two changes were made compared to the 1993/94 testing. First, the helium flow in the magnets was kept constant when pumping down from the nominal 19 psia to 11 psia. During previous testing, the magnet …

This document explains how NREL's fermentation research has produced a major breakthrough in the production of ethanol from biomass. Use of a metabolically engineered bacterium, which will allow cofermentation of both major components (xylose and glucose) of biomass, promises to greatly simplify the production process and reduce costs.

During collider operations last year a transverse instability was observed during PBAR transfers. The observation of an instability at such low intensities, and the fact that the motion appeared to be bounded instead of growing without limit, was intriguing, so they spent a few hours during last week's study period investigating the instability with some new diagnostic instrumentation. These vertical instabilities occur usually with the damper systems off, and with the vertical chromaticity set near zero.

The main purpose of this report is to given an illustrative example of the use of the quadrupole monitoring system including the modeling page W120.

This informative brief describes the collaborative efforts of NREL and Amoco Corporation to demonstrate a technology that turns landfill wastes into ethanol for clean-burning transportation fuel.

On July 25, 1995 a shift of Tevatron beam studies was devoted to examining the shape of the E17 kicker waveform. The purpose of this study was to determine how the kicker may effect the emittance of the Protons once collider operation changed to 36 bunch operation. The kicker was setup to give the most uniform flattop with approximately the correct flattop length. To do this, all 22 cells of the pulse forming network were connected and the predets for the tube timing were set as follows: Main = 1.0 {micro}sec; Clip = 6.0 {micro}sec; and Dump = 4.0 {micro}sec. The data was collected by varying the trigger of the kicker and observing the response of the beam with the BPM system. This timer, the beam synch delay out of a 279 module, only has 7 bucket resolution. Thus any waveform variation smaller than 131 nsec (or greater than 7.6 MHz) will not be observed. The data for the flattop was collected in a different way than the data for the rising edge and falling edge. To collect the flattop data the injection closure was tuned to give a minimum turn by turn oscillation. Under these conditions, a first turn …

The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) is working to make ethanol Americas automotive fuel of the future by domestically producing it from lignocellulosic biomass, the most abundant renewable resource on earth.

None

The original operations scenario to provide 12 proton bunches for the accelerator studies in the fall had them injecting 12 partial Booster batches into the main ring, accelerating them to flattop, then coalescing them. One of the main limitations of these coalescing studies for the last few months has been the inability of the Booster to provide enough beam without radiation trips. These radiation trips are considered difficult to eliminate due to the fact that the unwanted Booster beam cannot be aborted cleanly. During last week's study period they successfully used a new method that shows much promise.

None

The author has developed a method of measuring the lattice in the Main Ring using a series of closed orbit measurements taken with assorted 1-bumps around the ring. The data is fit using the MINUIT fitting package in a method similar to that used by Shekhar Shukla in the Booster. The Minuit package then performs a chi square fitting to the beta, phase, tune and kick strength. This method has been tested on simulated data, but past measurements have had difficulties in real data. One of the problems with this method is it's inability to distinguish beta function errors and scaling errors of BPMs. One BPm in particular at VD27 appeared to have an error of 380%. The BPM specialist was informed and recently replaced the RF module for this BPM. This study was to verify the finding, and to further study the effect of the BPM error. Also, it was intended to acquire 1-bump data under the condition that the lattice is changed notably by changing setting of one of the harmonic quadruples.

A mobile robot system called Stored Waste Autonomous Mobile Inspector (SWAMI) is under development by the Savannah River Technology Center (SRTC) Robotics Group of Westinghouse Savannah River Company (WSRC) to perform mandated inspections of waste drums stored in warehouse facilities. The system will reduce personnel exposure to potential hazards and create accurate, high-quality documentation to ensure regulatory compliance and enhance waste management operations. Development work is coordinated among several Department of Energy (DOE), academic, and commercial entities in accordance wit DOE`s technology transfer initiative. The prototype system, SWAMI I, was demonstrated at Savannah River Site (SRS) in November, 1993. SWAMI II is now under development for field trails at the Fernald site.

This paper describes the BOA system, a mobile pipe-external crawler used to remotely strip and bag (possibly contaminated) asbestos-containing lagging and insulation materials (ACLIM) from various diameter pipes in (primarily) industrial installations across the DOE weapons complex. The mechanical removal of ACLIM is very cost-effective due to the relatively low productivity and high cost involved in human removal scenarios. BOA, a mechanical system capable of removing most forms of lagging (paper, plaster, aluminum sheet, clamps, screws and chicken-wire), and insulation (paper, tar, asbestos fiber, mag-block) uses a circular cutter and compression paddles to cut and strip the insulation off the pipe through compression, while a HEPA-filter and encapsulant system maintain a certifiable vacuum and moisture content inside the system and on the pipe, respectively. The crawler system has been built and is currently undergoing testing. Key design parameters and performance parameters are developed and used in performance testing. Since the current system is a testbed, we also discuss future enhancements and outline two deployment scenarios (robotic and manual) for the final system to be designed and completed by the end of FY `95. An on-site demonstration is currently planned for Fernald in Ohio and Oak Ridge in Tennessee.

This paper describes current work at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory to develop a robotic vision system capable of recognizing designated objects by their intrinsic geometry. This method, based on single camera vision, combines point features and a model-based technique using geometric feature matching for the pose calculation. In this approach, 2-D point features are connected into higher-order shapes and then matched with corresponding features of the model. Pose estimates are made using a closed-form point solution based on model features of four coplanar points. Rotations are represented by quaternions that simplify the calculations in determining the least squares solution for the coordinate transformation. This pose determination method including image acquisition, feature extraction, feature correspondence, and pose calculation has been implemented on a real-time system using a standard camera and image processing hardware. Experimental results are given for relative error measurements.

Inclusion characteristics influence weld metal microstructure development, especially the formation of high toughness acicular ferrite phase. Important inclusion characteristics are: size distribution, number density, volume fraction, composition. Previous work considered a sequential formation of various oxides and compounds to estimate the inclusion characteristics; however, effects of weld metal composition, nucleation and growth conditions on inclusion formation were ignored. In this work, the principles of ladle deoxidization and transformation kinetics involving nucleation and growth are used to estimate the inclusion characteristics as a function of weld metal composition and cooling conditions.

The heated turbulent flow over a backward-facing step is numerically solved using the commercial computational fluid dynamics program FLUENT. The methods used here consist of the default power-law upwinding scheme, default multigrid equation solution method and a standard k-{var_epsilon} turbulence model with wall functions. A total of four separate cases are reported. The four cases consist of combinations of partially and fully developed flow at the inlet with uniform or developed temperature profiles. Three mesh refinements are reported for each flow.