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Ballistic impulse gauge
This invention is comprised of a gauge for detecting the impulse generated in sample materials by X-rays or other impulse producing mechanisms which utilizes a pair of flat annular springs to support a plunger relative to a housing which may itself be supported by a pair of flat annular springs in a second housing. The plunger has a mounting plate mounted on one end and at the other, a position or velocity transducer is mounted. The annular springs consist of an outer ring and an inner ring with at least three arcuate members connecting the outer within the inner ring.
Date:
December 31, 1992
Creator:
Ault, S. K.
Object Type:
Patent
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Baryon spectra in Au + Au collisions: Preliminary results from E-866
Measurements are presented of single particle spectra from Au targets using the recently commissioned Au-beam at 11.6 GeV/c per nucleon from the BNL Tandem-Booster-AGS accelerator facilities. Protons and deuterons were detected with the measuring the 25msr E-802 spectrometer. Collision centrality was determined by measuring the forward energy in a calorimeter subtending a 1.2{degrees} cone about 0{degrees}. Some comparisons with the cascade code ARC have been made.
Date:
December 31, 1992
Creator:
Gonin, M. & Collaboration, The E-802 /E-866
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Baseline design/economics for advanced Fischer-Tropsch technology. Quarterly report, October--December 1992
Bechtel, with Amoco as the main subcontractor, initiated a study on September 26, 1991, for the US Department of Energy`s (DOE`s) Pittsburgh Energy Technology Center (PETC) to develop a computer model and baseline design for advanced Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) technology. This 24-month study, with an approved budget of $2.3 million, is being performed under DOE Contract Number AC22-91PC90027. (1) Develop a baseline design and two alternative designs for indirect liquefaction using advanced F-T technology. The baseline design uses Illinois No. 6 Eastern Coal and conventional refining. There is an alternative refining case using ZSM-5 treatment of the vapor stream from the slurry F-T reactor and an alternative coal case using Western coal from the Powder River Basin. (2) Prepare the capital and operating costs for the baseline design and the alternatives. Individual plant costs for the alternative cases will be prorated on capacity, wherever possible, from the baseline case. (3) Develop a process flowsheet simulation (PFS) model. The baseline design, the economic analysis and computer model will be major research planning tools that PETC will use to plan, guide and evaluate its ongoing and future research and commercialization programs relating to indirect coal liquefaction for the manufacture of synthetic liquid fuels …
Date:
December 31, 1992
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Basic principles and mechanisms of selective oil agglomeration. Fossil energy interim report, October 1, 1983--September 30, 1992
Numerous agglomeration tests were conducted with several types of low-ash coal and graphite, high grade mineral pyrite, and other materials. Relatively pure hydrocarbons, including heptane and hexadecane, were used as agglomerants. Access of air to the system was controlled. Particle recovery by agglomeration was observed to depend on a number of system parameters. Among the most important parameters are the hydrophobicity of the particles and the oil dosage, so that the, recovery of solids per unit of oil administered is proportional to the hydrophobicity. The pH and ionic strength of the aqueous suspension affect particle recovery in different ways depending on the surface properties of the particles. On the other hand, the presence of air in the system generally improves particle recovery. The greatest effect of air was observed in a closely related study which showed that air had to be present to produce good agglomerates from a moderately hydrophobic coal in a mixer producing a lower shear rate. The rate of agglomeration was found to be much greater for a strongly hydrophobic coal than for a moderately hydrophobic coal, and the rate was observed to be proportional to the oil dosage. Also the rate was enhanced by the presence …
Date:
December 31, 1992
Creator:
Wheelock, T. D.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Basic properties of coals and other solids. Final report, September 1, 1989--August 30, 1992
The previous project dissected the heats of interactions of a series of coals into components that represented Bronsted acidity, hydrogen-bonding acidity and dispersion force interactions through comparison with the simple prototype solid acids: sulfonic acid resin, silica, and graphitized carbon black respectively. The present grant has emphasized the interaction of basic components in the coal with strong Bronsted acids and boron trichloride, a very strong Lewis acid, with a brief examination of the interactions of the coals with phenols as weaker hydrogen-bonding acids. We have also compared several coals with liquids derived from them at Wilsonville and Exxon. Finally, we have examined the effect of citric acid washing on several coals.
Date:
December 31, 1992
Creator:
Arnett, E. M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Basic theory and methods of dosimetry for use in risk assessment of genotoxic chemicals. Final report
This project is designed to be theoretical, with limited experimental input. The work then would have to be directed towards an identification of problems, with an emphasis on the potential ability of molecular/biochemical methods to reach a solution, rather than aiming at solutions of the problems. In addition, the work is dependent on experimental work within parallel projects. Initially, projects running at this laboratory were strongly tied up with practical matters, such as the development of monitoring methods for specific exposures, with limited resources for basic research. As sketched in the scientific report below, section 4 the meaningfulness of molecular/biochemical methods and their potential contribution to the problem of dsk estimation has to be seen against a broad overview of this problem and current efforts to solve it. This overview, given as a brief summary in section 3, shows the necessity of combining different fields of research, holding them together by strictly quantitative aspects.
Date:
December 31, 1992
Creator:
Ehrenberg, L. & Granath, F.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Bastrop Advertiser (Bastrop, Tex.), Vol. 139, No. 87, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 31, 1992
Semi-weekly newspaper from Bastrop, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date:
December 31, 1992
Creator:
McAuley, Davis
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Battery compatibility with photovoltaic charge controllers
Photovoltaic (PV) systems offer a cost-effective solution to provide electrical power for a wide variety of applications, with battery performance playing a major role in their success. This paper presents some of the results of an industry meeting regarding battery specifications and ratings that photovoltaic system designers require, but do not typically have available to them. Communications between the PV industry and the battery industry regarding appropriate specifications have been uncoordinated and poor in the past. This paper also discusses the effort under way involving the PV industry and battery manufacturers, and provides a working draft of specifications to develop and outline the information sorely needed on batteries. The development of this information is referred to as ``Application Notes for Batteries in Photovoltaic Systems.`` The content of these ``notes`` has been compiled from various sources, including the input from the results of a survey on battery use in the photovoltaic industry. Only lead-acid batteries are discussed
Date:
December 31, 1992
Creator:
Harrington, S. R. & Bower, W. I.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Battery testing at Argonne National Laboratory. Electric and hybrid propulsion systems, No. 1
Advanced battery technology evaluations are performed under simulated electric-vehicle operating conditions at the Analysis & Diagnostic Laboratory (ADL) of Argonne National Laboratory. The ADL results provide insight into those factors that limit battery performance and life. The ADL facilities include a test laboratory to conduct battery experimental evaluations under simulated application conditions and a post-test analysis laboratory to determine, in a protected atmosphere if needed, component compositional changes and failure mechanisms. This paper summarizes the performance characterizations and life evaluations conducted during FY 1992 on both single cells and multi-cell modules that encompass six battery technologies [Na/S, Li/FeS, Ni/Metal-Hydride, Ni/Zn, Ni/Cd, Ni/Fe]. These evaluations were performed for the Department of Energy, Office of Transportation Technologies, Electric and Hybrid Propulsion Division, and the Electric Power Research Institute. The ADL provides a common basis for battery performance characterization and lie evaluations with unbiased application of tests and analyses. The results help identify the most promising R&D approaches for overcoming battery limitations, and provide battery users, developers, and program managers with a measure of the progress being made in battery R&D programs, a comparison of battery technologies, and basic data for modeling.
Date:
December 31, 1992
Creator:
DeLuca, W. H.; Gillie, K. R.; Kulaga, J. E.; Smaga, J. A.; Tummillo, A. F. & Webster, C. E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Baytown Sun (Baytown, Tex.), Vol. 71, No. 53, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 31, 1992
Daily newspaper from Baytown, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
December 31, 1992
Creator:
Dobbs, Gary
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Behavior of sulfur and chlorine in coal during combustion and boiler corrosion. Final technical report, September 1, 1991--August 31, 1992
Using the pyrolysis-QGA system, samples of coal were heated from ambient temperature to 800{degrees}C at a rate of 20{degrees}C/min in the pyrolysis chamber under a nitrogen atmosphere. The volatile products were carried with the nitrogen flow to the combustion chamber which was maintained at 850{degrees}C under a constant flow of oxygen. For Illinois coals (IBC-101, 103, and -109), HCl was the only chlorine species identified by the QGA. The HCl release profiles for the coals showed a broad peak between 250{degrees}C and 600{degrees}C with a maximum at 445{degrees}C. Neutron activation analysis of pyrolysis residues showed that 98 percent of the chlorine in raw coal was volatilized. Thus, it may be inferred that the chlorine in Illinois coals is released rapidly as HCl, not as sodium chloride (NaCl), during combustion in a utility/industrial boiler. In contrast to chlorine, the sulfur release profile for IBC-109 showed three peaks: the first sulfur peak at about 350{degrees}C was probably derived from elemental sulfur, the main peak at 475{degrees}C corresponded to the release of organic sulfur, and the third peak at 600{degrees}C resulted from the decomposition of pyrite. The low-temperature peak was absent for fresh samples. Sulfur dioxide (SO{sub 2}) was the major sulfur species …
Date:
December 31, 1992
Creator:
Chou, C. L.; Hackley, K. C.; Cao, J.; Donnals, G. L.; Ruch, R. R.; Pan, W. P. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Bench-scale demonstration of biological production of ethanol from coal synthesis gas. Quarterly report, September 24, 1992--December 31, 1992
Culture isolation and selection studies are being performed in order to select the best biological system for bench-scale studies in producing ethanol from syngas components. Three isolates have been found which produce more than 2 g/L ethanol from CO and C0{sub 2}/H{sub 2} in batch culture. These low concentrations are actually quite promising since Clostridium ljungdahlii, strain PETC, performs well in continuous culture but produces only small concentrations of ethanol in batch culture after several weeks of incubation. Two of the isolates have been utilized in the CSTR, where 90 percent CO conversions have been noted, while producing up to 2 g/L ethanol, in preliminary studies. CSTR studies will continue until steady state is reached. An anaerobic bacterium has been isolated from natural sources that converts the components of synthesis gas (CO, H{sub 2},C0{sub 2}) into ethanol. This organism, the only one known at that time to produce ethanol from synthesis gas, has been identified as a new clostridial strain and has been named Clostridium ljungdahlii, strain PETC.
Date:
December 31, 1992
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The best solution to our Nation`s waste management problem: Education
In addition to the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) being the best solution today to the Nation`s problem of permanent storage of transuranic radioactive waste produced by the defense industry, WIPP is also involved in finding the solution for another national problem: the education of our youth. The youth of America have grown up thinking that science and math are too hard, or not interesting. We, the parents of our Nation`s leaders of tomorrow, must find a solution to this dilemma. It is the mission of the Waste Isolation Division Educational Programs to create programs to promote quality education in the classroom and to enhance each student`s interest in mathematics and the sciences.
Date:
December 31, 1992
Creator:
Mikel, C. J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Big Lake Wildcat (Big Lake, Tex.), Vol. SIXTY SEVENTH YEAR, No. 53, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 31, 1992
Weekly newspaper from Big Lake, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with advertising.
Date:
December 31, 1992
Creator:
Werst, David
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
[The biochemistry, bioenergetics, and physiology of the CO-dependent growth of Rhodospirillum rubrum]. Progress report, March 15, 1990--[1992]
We have previously purified and characterized the holo and Ni-deficient forms of carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (CODH) from Rhodospirillum rubrum, developed protocols for insertion of various metals into the Ni site of the enzyme and characterized these metal substituted forms kinetically. In the current grant period a working hypothesis for the structure of the NiFeS center at the active site of CODH has been developed. A 22 kD FeS protein, which serves as the direct electron acceptor from CODH, has been identified and purified. This Fe{sub 4}S{sub 4} protein is required for anchoring CODH to the chromatophore membranes of R. rubrum and it is specifically required for reconstitution of CO-dependent H{sub 2} evolution in vitro. The R. rubrum genes for CODH, the 22 kD (ferredoxin-like) FeS protein, and the CO-induced hydrogenase have been isolated, sequenced, and mutagenized. This region has been designated the coo region with coos encoding CODH, cooF encoding the 22 kD ferredoxin and cooh the CO-induced hydrogenase. An ORF immediately downstream of cooS has been designated cooC. The cooS and cooF genes are cotranscribed, while cooH is on a separate transcript. The CO-dependent growth of R. rubrum has been established in the dark on medium containing only salts …
Date:
December 31, 1992
Creator:
Ludden, P. W. & Roberts, G. P.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Biochemistry of dissimilatory sulfur oxidation. Progress report, July 1992--November 1992
Our goals of this research are to define the substrate oxidation pathways, the electron transport mechanisms, and the modes of energy conservation employed during the dissimilatory oxidation of sulfur by thiobacilli. We have purified APS reductase to electrophoratic homogeneity from cell-free extracts of Thiobacillus denitrificans. Sufficient protein is available to initiate the production of polyclonal antibodies and to perform the kinetic experiments.
Date:
December 31, 1992
Creator:
Blake, R., II
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Bioelectromagnetic Society Thirteenth Annual Meeting 1991: Program and abstracts
This volume contains author abstracts representing oral and poster presentations made at the Thirteenth Annual Meeting of The Bioelectromagnetic Society held in Salt Lake City, Utah June 23--27, 1991.
Date:
December 31, 1992
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Biological upgrading of coal liquids. Quarterly report, April 1, 1992--June 30, 1992
The objective of this project is to develop a simple biological process for the removal of nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur heteroatoms from coal liquids, and simultaneously reducing aromaticity. Microorganisms, employing biocatalysts, are known to degrade aromatic heteroatom compounds in nature to NH{sub 3}, SO{sub 4}, and CO{sub 2}. Preliminary experiments in the ERI laboratories to determine the feasibility of biological removal of N, 0, and S from coal and shale oil liquids have shown up to 20 percent nitrogen removal, 40 percent sulfur removal, and 100 percent oxygen removal in a simple one stage incubation. This project will screen known bacteria and develop isolates for N, 0, and S removal and aromaticity reduction. The performance of the best of these cultures will be optimized for complete heteroatom removal in a single step go up. An outline of the protocol used to select pure cultures and isolates for their suitability in degrading heteroatom compounds is presented. Also shown is a listing of nine model compounds to be used in culture comparison and selection studies. Preliminary results with isolate ERI4 shows that the bacterium grows on phenol as its sole carbon source and rapidly depletes the compound from the medium. Similar results …
Date:
December 31, 1992
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Biological upgrading of coal liquids. Quarterly report, October--December 31, 1992
Culture screening and performance studies were performed with a variety of cultures in removing nitrogen compounds from coal liquid. Two cultures were shown to be effective in removing 17 and 26 percent of the nitrogen in coal liquid as determined by elemental analysis. Experiments will continue in an effort to find additional cultures and isolates able to degrade nitrogen, as well as oxygen and sulfur as heteroatom compounds, from coal liquids. A biological process for upgrading of coal liquids would offer significant advantages, such as operation at ordinary temperature and pressure with better energy efficiency. Of greater importance is the fact that microorganisms do not require an external supply of hydrogen for heteroatom removal, obtaining required hydrogen from water. Furthermore, the biocatalysts are continuously regenerated by growth on the heteroatom compounds. Ring structures are degraded as the heteroatoms are removed. The heteroatoms are in an inocuous form, such as NH{sub 3}, SO{sub 4}{sup 2{minus}} CO{sub 2} and H{sub 2}O. Therefore, there is significant potential for the development of an economical biological process for upgrading of coal liquids.
Date:
December 31, 1992
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Bioremediation of contaminated groundwater
The present invention relates to a method for in situ bioremediation of contaminated soil and groundwater. In particular, the invention relates to remediation of contaminated soil and groundwater by the injection of nutrients to stimulate growth of pollutant-degrading microorganisms. The United States Government has rights in this invention pursuant to Contract No. DE-AC09-89SR18035 between the US Department of Energy and Westinghouse Savannah River Company.
Date:
December 31, 1992
Creator:
Hazen, T. C. & Fliermans, C. B.
Object Type:
Patent
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The BNL polarized H{sup {minus}} ion source development program
Polarized protons have been available for acceleration in the AGS for the high energy physics program since 1984. The polarized H{sup {minus}} source, PONI-1, has routinely supplied a 0.4 Hz, 400 {mu}sec pulse having a nominal intensity of 40 {mu}A. Polarization is {approximately}80% out of the ion source. After PONI- 1 became operational, a program was initiated to develop a more intense source based on a cold ground state atomic beam source, followed by ionization of the polarized H{degrees} beam by D{sup {minus}} charge exchange. Various phases of this work have been fully reported elsewhere, and only a summary is given here.
Date:
December 31, 1992
Creator:
Kponou, A.; Alessi, J.; Hershcovitch, A. & DeVito, B.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (A new frontier in nuclear physics)
The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at Brookhaven is in its second year of construction with a target date for completion in late 1997. In this report, I will describe the status of the project, the designated milestones and the capabilities of this collider that set it apart as the premier facility to probe the new frontier of nuclear matter under extreme temperatures and densities. Two large detectors and a pair of smaller detectors, which are in various stages of approval, form the experimental program at this point. They provide a complementary set of probes to study quark gluon plasma formation through different signatures. The two ring design of this collider allows for collisions between different ion species ranging from protons to gold.
Date:
December 31, 1992
Creator:
Makdisi, Y. I.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
BNL Volume H{sup {minus}} Sources
An H{sup -} current of up 30 mA has been extracted from a 1 cm{sup 2} aperture in a 20 cm diameter volume source with a conical filter field. From a 9.7 cm diameter version of this source, an H{sup -} current of up to 35 mA was extracted from a 0.5 cm{sup 2} aperture.In both sources, the electron-to-H{sup -} ratio is typically < 10, and often < 5.
Date:
December 31, 1992
Creator:
Alessi, J. G.; Prelec, K. & McCafferty, D.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology. Progress report, June 15, 1991--December 31, 1992
BCST is concerned with areas in chemical science and technology that can contribute to the solution of important national problems: Nuclear and radiochemistry, atmospheric and chemical sciences, chemical handling in laboratories, radwaste disposal, environment, computation chemistry, curriculum, etc. Review panel member addresses are included in an appendix.
Date:
December 31, 1992
Creator:
Raber, D. J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library