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3-D field computations for accelerator magnets using finite element and integral codes
Two dimensional (2-D) computation has been an accepted part of the design of accelerator magnets since the 1960`s, but three-dimensional (3-D) computations are still not fully trusted. This paper describes the successes and limitations of 3-D computations, as applied to accelerator magnets for the Advanced Photon Source (APS) at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL). Both the finite element code TOSCA and the edge element volume integral code CORAL have been used in these computations. The ends of the dipole bending magnet for the injector synchrotron were designed using TOSCA; comparisons with measurements are described. Computation of other APS magnets are also described.
Date:
December 1, 1992
Creator:
Turner, L. R.; Kim, S. H.; Kim, K. & Kettunen, L.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
7-GeV Advanced Photon Source Instrumentation Initiative conceptual design report
In this APS Instrumentation Initiative, 2.5-m-long and 5-m-long insertion-device x-ray sources will be built on 9 straight sections of the APS storage ring, and an additional 9 bending-magnet sources will also be put in use. The front ends for these 18 x-ray sources will be built to contain and safeguard access to these bright x-ray beams. In addition, funds will be provided to build state-of-the-art insertion-device beamlines to meet scientific and technological research demands well into the next century. This new initiative will also include four user laboratory modules and a special laboratory designed to meet the x-ray imaging research needs of the users. The Conceptual Design Report (CDR) for the APS Instrumentation Initiative describes the scope of all the above technical and conventional construction and provides a detailed cost and schedule for these activities. According to these plans, this new initiative begins in FY 1994 and ends in FY 1998. The document also describes the preconstruction R&D plans for the Instrumentation Initiative activities and provides the cost estimates for the required R&D.
Date:
December 1992
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
7-GeV Advanced Photon Source Instrumentation Initiative conceptual design report
In this APS Instrumentation Initiative, 2.5-m-long and 5-m-long insertion-device x-ray sources will be built on 9 straight sections of the APS storage ring, and an additional 9 bending-magnet sources will also be put in use. The front ends for these 18 x-ray sources will be built to contain and safeguard access to these bright x-ray beams. In addition, funds will be provided to build state-of-the-art insertion-device beamlines to meet scientific and technological research demands well into the next century. This new initiative will also include four user laboratory modules and a special laboratory designed to meet the x-ray imaging research needs of the users. The Conceptual Design Report (CDR) for the APS Instrumentation Initiative describes the scope of all the above technical and conventional construction and provides a detailed cost and schedule for these activities. According to these plans, this new initiative begins in FY 1994 and ends in FY 1998. The document also describes the preconstruction R D plans for the Instrumentation Initiative activities and provides the cost estimates for the required R D.
Date:
December 1, 1992
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
100 MeV laser accelerator demonstration and 1 GeV baseline design development. 1992 Annual report
The acceleration of relativistic electrons using the inverse Cerenkov effect was first demonstrated at Stanford University in 1981. Later, Fontana and Pantell developed an improved configuration for the inverse Cerenkov acceleration (ICA) process. A radially polarized laser beam is focused by an axicon onto the e-beam traveling through a gas-filled interaction region. The light intersects the e-beam at the Cerenkov angle {theta}{sub c}, where {theta}{sub c} = cos{sup {minus}1}(1/n{beta}), n is the index of refraction of the gas, and {beta} is the ratio of the electron velocity to the speed of light. The goal of the present program is to demonstrate improved laser acceleration using the Fontana and Pantell configuration. The experiments will be performed on the Accelerator Test Facility (ATF) located at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). This facility features a 50 MeV linac fed by a Nd:YAG (4{omega}) laser-driven photocathode e-gun. It will be upgraded to 65 MeV in the near future. The ATF also has a high peak power CO{sub 2} laser, which was developed for laser acceleration studies. The present ICA experiment was divided into two phases. Phase 1 was to examine certain experimental issues in preparation for Phase 2. Phase 1 was successfully completed in the …
Date:
December 1, 1992
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The 400 MeV Linac Upgrade at Fermilab
The Fermilab Linac Upgrade in planned to increase the energy of the H[sup [minus]] linac from 200 to 400 MeV. This is intended to reduce the incoherent space-charge tuneshift at injection into the 8 GeV Booster which limit either the brightness or the total intensity of the beam. The Linac Upgrade will be achieved by replacing the last four 201.25 MHs drift-tube linac (DTL) tanks which accelerate the beam from 116 to 200 MeV, with seven 805 MRs side-coupled cavity modules operating at an average axial field of about 7.5 MV/meter. This will allow acceleration to 400 MeV in the existing Linac enclosure. Each accelerator module will be driven with a 12 MW klystron-based rf power supply. Three of seven accelerator modules have been fabricated, power tested and installed in their temporary location adjacent to the existing DTL. All seven RF Modulators have been completed and klystron installation has begun. Waveguide runs have completed from the power supply gallery to the accelerator modules. The new linac will be powered in the temporary position without beam in order to verify overall system reliability until the laboratory operating schedule permits final conversion to 400 MeV operation.
Date:
December 1, 1992
Creator:
Noble, R.J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The 400 MeV Linac Upgrade at Fermilab
The Fermilab Linac Upgrade in planned to increase the energy of the H{sup {minus}} linac from 200 to 400 MeV. This is intended to reduce the incoherent space-charge tuneshift at injection into the 8 GeV Booster which limit either the brightness or the total intensity of the beam. The Linac Upgrade will be achieved by replacing the last four 201.25 MHs drift-tube linac (DTL) tanks which accelerate the beam from 116 to 200 MeV, with seven 805 MRs side-coupled cavity modules operating at an average axial field of about 7.5 MV/meter. This will allow acceleration to 400 MeV in the existing Linac enclosure. Each accelerator module will be driven with a 12 MW klystron-based rf power supply. Three of seven accelerator modules have been fabricated, power tested and installed in their temporary location adjacent to the existing DTL. All seven RF Modulators have been completed and klystron installation has begun. Waveguide runs have completed from the power supply gallery to the accelerator modules. The new linac will be powered in the temporary position without beam in order to verify overall system reliability until the laboratory operating schedule permits final conversion to 400 MeV operation.
Date:
December 1992
Creator:
Noble, Robert J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Abraham Lincoln and the American Romantic Writers: Embodiment and Perpetuation of an Ideal
The American Romantic writers laid a broad foundation for the historic and heroic Abraham Lincoln who has evolved as our national myth. The writers were attracted to Lincoln by his eloquent expression of the body of ideals and beliefs they shared with him, especially the ideal of individual liberty and the belief that achievement of the ideal would bring about an amelioration of the human condition. The time, place and conditions in which they lived enhanced the attraction, and Lincoln's able leadership during the Civil War strengthened their estimation of him. His martyrdom was the catalyst which enabled the Romantic writers to lay the foundation of the Lincoln myth which has made his name synonymous with individual freedom everywhere even today.
Date:
December 1992
Creator:
Hicks, Mary G. (Mary Geraldine)
Object Type:
Thesis or Dissertation
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Accelerator and fusion research division. 1992 Summary of activities
This report contains brief discussions on research topics in the following area: Heavy-Ion Fusion Accelerator Research; Magnetic Fusion Energy; Advanced Light Source; Center for Beam Physics; Superconducting Magnets; and Bevalac Operations.
Date:
December 1, 1992
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
AFBC co-firing of coal and hospital wastes. Quarterly technical progress report, February 15, 1992--May 15, 1992: Phase 1
During the previous report period, shredder system verification and testing was initiated at DONLEE`s pilot facility located in York, Pennsylvania. General waste from the Lebanon VA Medical Center was transported to the pilot facility in York. The waste was fed into the unit starting December 18, 1991. The waste feed rate was adjusted to approximately 150 lb./hr. The stack monitoring portion of the shredder testing was conducted on January 28 and 29. The heat input was approximately 6 {times} l0{sup 6} BTU/hr. both days. On the first day, only coal and limestone were fed into the unit. On the second day, hospital waste, coal, and limestone were fed into the unit. On both days of testing, data included: coal, limestone, and ash samples and flow rates; all air flows; stack flue gas flow; combustor, cyclone, boiler, and baghouse; temperatures and pressures; stack concentration of dioxins and furans; stack concentration of heavy metals; stack concentration of HCI; stack concentration of PAH. The hospital waste feed during the second test was approximately 150 lb./hr. The PA DER requested that the final design of the Lebanon facility fire anthracite coal only. On February 4, the unit was lit off on anthracite coal. Operation …
Date:
December 1, 1992
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Age, Volume [13], Number 12, December 1992
Monthly publication containing information related to Chambers County, Texas, including current events of the Chambers County Historical Commission, the Wallisville Heritage Park, and the Chambers County historical and genealogical societies; reprinted newspaper articles about county events and citizens; and historical news and records.
Date:
December 1992
Creator:
Wallisville Heritage Park (Organization)
Object Type:
Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Alcoholism and the Family: The Destructive Forces in Hardy's Tess of the D'urbervilles
This study examines the forces which shaped the main character--Tess Durbeyfield--in Hardy's novel in terms of the effects which her alcoholic family had upon her mental and emotional potential and which ultimately become the determining factors in her self-destruction. Using the elements and patterns set forth in the literature regarding the dynamics of the alcoholic family, I attempt to show that Hardy's novel may best be understood as the story of a woman whose life and destiny are controlled by the consequences of her father's alcoholism. This interpretation seems to account best for many elements of the novel, such as Tess's destruction, and provides a rich appreciation of Hardy's technique and vision.
Date:
December 1992
Creator:
Alexander, Elizabeth Chenoweth
Object Type:
Thesis or Dissertation
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Alternative Funding Models for Financing Construction of Public School Facilities and Debt Retirement
The main purpose of this study was to examine the various finance models that are presently being used to finance facilities and to provide information for the Texas legislature, the Texas Education Agency, and local school districts concerning facilities funding models that might be used in Texas. Based on the information gathered and analyzed, several conclusions are drawn and recommendations regarding state funding of capital projects in the State of Texas are made. The model recommended for Texas is one that provides for an equalized grant and includes formulas for the distribution of state money.
Date:
December 1992
Creator:
Rambo, Jack (Jack Howard)
Object Type:
Thesis or Dissertation
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Alternative refrigerants and refrigeration cycles for domestic refrigerators
This project initially focused on using nonazeotropic refrigerant mixtures (NARMs) in a two-evaporator refrigerator-freezer design using two stages of liquid refrigerant subcooling. This concept was proposed and tested in 1975. The work suggested that the concept was 20% more efficient than the conventional one-evaporator refrigerator-freezer (RF) design. After considerable planning and system modeling based on using a NARM in a Lorenz-Meutzner (L-M) RF, the program scope was broadened to include investigation of a ``dual-loop`` concept where energy savings result from exploiting the less stringent operating conditions needed to satisfy cooling, of the fresh food section. A steady-state computer model (CYCLE-Z) capable of simulating conventional, dual loop, and L-M refrigeration cycles was developed. This model was used to rank the performance of 20 ozone-safe NARMs in the L-M refrigeration cycle while key system parameters were systematically varied. The results indicated that the steady-state efficiency of the L-M design was up to 25% greater than that of a conventional cycle. This model was also used to calculate the performance of other pure refrigerants relative to that of dichlorodifluoromethane, R-12, in conventional and dual-loop RF designs. Projected efficiency gains for these cycles were more modest, ranging from 0 to 10%. Individual compressor calorimeter …
Date:
December 1, 1992
Creator:
Sand, J. R.; Rice, C. L. & Vineyard, E. A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 92, No. 226, Ed. 1 Tuesday, December 1, 1992
Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
December 1, 1992
Creator:
Lomenick, Rick
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Alvin Sun (Alvin, Tex.), Vol. 102, No. 50, Ed. 1 Tuesday, December 1, 1992
Semiweekly newspaper from Alvin, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
December 1, 1992
Creator:
Gilmore, Robert K. & Hamilton, Gerald
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
The Americans With Disabilities Act: How Is Texas Doing?
This report describes Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) implementation activities in Texas between September 1, 1991 and August 31, 1992.
Date:
December 1992
Creator:
Texas Governor's Committee on People with Disabilities
Object Type:
Report
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Amorphization kinetics of Zr(Cr,Fe){sub 2} under ion irradiation
Thin foils of Zircaloy-4 were irradiated with 350 KeV {sup 40}Ar ions in the dual ion beam/HVEM facility at Argonne National Laboratory at 300--650 K. The irradiation-induced amorphization of the intermetallic precipitates Zr (Cr; Fe){sub 2} and Zr{sub 2} (Ni, Fe) was studied in-situ. For Zr (Cr, Fe){sub 2} precipitates the dose-to-amorphization was found to increase exponentially with temperature, with a critical temperature of about 650 K. The amorphization morphology was shown to be homogeneous, with no preferential site for nucleation, in contrast to neutron-irradiation amorphization which started at the precipitate-matrix interface. For Zr{sub 2} (Ni,Fe) precipitates it was found that amorphization occurred at 550 and 600 K, whereas in neutron irradiation no amorphization has been observed at those temperatures. The results are discussed in context of previous neutron and electron irradiations and likely amorphization mechanisms are proposed.
Date:
December 1, 1992
Creator:
Motta, A. T.; Howe, L. M. & Okamoto, P. R.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Amorphization kinetics of Zr(Cr,Fe)[sub 2] under ion irradiation
Thin foils of Zircaloy-4 were irradiated with 350 KeV [sup 40]Ar ions in the dual ion beam/HVEM facility at Argonne National Laboratory at 300--650 K. The irradiation-induced amorphization of the intermetallic precipitates Zr (Cr; Fe)[sub 2] and Zr[sub 2] (Ni, Fe) was studied in-situ. For Zr (Cr, Fe)[sub 2] precipitates the dose-to-amorphization was found to increase exponentially with temperature, with a critical temperature of about 650 K. The amorphization morphology was shown to be homogeneous, with no preferential site for nucleation, in contrast to neutron-irradiation amorphization which started at the precipitate-matrix interface. For Zr[sub 2] (Ni,Fe) precipitates it was found that amorphization occurred at 550 and 600 K, whereas in neutron irradiation no amorphization has been observed at those temperatures. The results are discussed in context of previous neutron and electron irradiations and likely amorphization mechanisms are proposed.
Date:
December 1, 1992
Creator:
Motta, A.T. (Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States). Dept. of Nuclear Engineering); Howe, L.M. (Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd., Chalk River, ON (Canada). Chalk River Labs.) & Okamoto, P.R. (Argonne National Lab., IL (United States))
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Analysis and correction of noise on electronic circuits in an accelerator environment
Accelerator noise sources can cause both analog and digital electronic circuits to malfunction. This paper identifies and analyzes noise sources, and describes the methodology for measurement. Both general remedies and specific solutions to minimize the noise effects on accelerator electronic circuits are described. A policy for electronic design, board layout, assembly, and fabrication is established. Conclusions are drawn based on theoretical principles with practical examples shown in case studies.
Date:
December 1, 1992
Creator:
Fathizadeh, M.; Despe, O. D. & McGhee, D. G.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Analysis of a proposed Compton backscatter imaging technique
Imaging techniques which require access to only one side of the object being viewed are potentially useful in situations where conventional projection radiography and tomography cannot be applied, such as looking for voids in a large container where access to the back of the object is inconvenient or even impossible. One-sided imaging techniques are currently being used in nondestructive evaluation of surfaces and shallow subsurface structures. In this work we present both analytical calculations and detailed Monte Carlo simulations aimed at assessing the capability of a proposed Compton backscatter imaging technique designed to detect and characterize voids located several centimeters below the surface of a solid. The proposed technique, based on a scheme suggested by Farmer and Collins, encodes the spatial position and structure of voids in a solid in the energy spectrum of the Compton-scattered photons as recorded by a high resolution detector. Our calculations model a {sup 137}Cs source projecting a 1 mm{sup 2} pencil beam of 662 keV gammas into a target slab at an incident angle of 45{degrees} and a collimated detector (also oriented at 45{degrees} with respect to the surface) which views the beam path at a central angle of 90{degrees}. The detector collimator is …
Date:
December 1, 1992
Creator:
Hall, J. & Jacoby, B.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
An Analysis of Factors in the Adoption or Non-Adoption of Videodisc Technology in North American Academic and Special Libraries
The researcher identified 37 independent variables to study their effect on the two dependent variables, the acquisition of videodiscs and the functions for which videodisc programs were acquired. The literature of the applications of videodisc technology in libraries, museums, education and industry, as well as related issues concerning interactive video, were presented in Chapter 2. Using the diffusion of innovation theory of Everett Rogers as a guide, the researcher constructed a questionnaire. Valid responses totaled 462 from management of all types of academic libraries and from special libraries other than non-academic law, military, veterans' hospital, and church libraries. The following conclusions were made from the results: there were significant correlations between having videodiscs and perceptions of greater benefits than costs, appropriateness of videodisc programs for libraries' objectives or curricula, seeing videodiscs as an enhancement of an existing library technology, collection of videocassettes, and ability to raise funds from slack resources. The size of the libraries' materials and equipment budgets had some significance, but it was not consistently significant, as it was for the above-mentioned factors, at the p < .01 level. Lack of in-house recording ability did not impose a barrier on adoption of discs among respondents. Full--motion, full-screen video …
Date:
December 1992
Creator:
Kelley, Robert E. (Robert Emmett)
Object Type:
Thesis or Dissertation
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Analysis of federal policy options for improving US lighting energy efficiency: Commercial and residential buildings
The US Department of Energy (DOE) has recognized the opportunity to achieve energy, economic, and environmental benefits by promoting energy-efficient lighting through federal policies, including lighting standards, financial incentives, and information programs. To assist in this process, the Office of Conservation and Renewable Energy's Office of Codes and Standards invited Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory to assess prospective national impacts for a variety of policy options. Some progress has already been made in developing lighting policies at both the federal and state levels. The US DOE's Office of Building Technologies has evaluated lighting efficiency incentives as part of its analysis for the National Energy Strategy. Fluorescent and incandescent lamp standards are included in the national Energy Policy Act of 1992 (P.L. 102-486, October 24, 1992). A few states have analyzed or implemented lamp and luminaire standards. Many policy-related issues merit further investigation. For example, there is considerable debate over issues such as mandatory or voluntary standards versus component labeling and other education-oriented strategies. Several different technologies are involved that interact with each other-lamps (incandescent, compact fluorescent, and HID), ballasts (for fluorescent and HID lamps), and fixtures with reflectors and lenses. Control systems and operation patterns must also be considered (timers, automated dimming, …
Date:
December 1, 1992
Creator:
Atkinson, B. A.; McMahon, J. E.; Mills, E.; Chan, P.; Chan, T. W.; Eto, J. H. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Analysis of federal policy options for improving US lighting energy efficiency: Commercial and residential buildings
The US Department of Energy (DOE) has recognized the opportunity to achieve energy, economic, and environmental benefits by promoting energy-efficient lighting through federal policies, including lighting standards, financial incentives, and information programs. To assist in this process, the Office of Conservation and Renewable Energy`s Office of Codes and Standards invited Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory to assess prospective national impacts for a variety of policy options. Some progress has already been made in developing lighting policies at both the federal and state levels. The US DOE`s Office of Building Technologies has evaluated lighting efficiency incentives as part of its analysis for the National Energy Strategy. Fluorescent and incandescent lamp standards are included in the national Energy Policy Act of 1992 (P.L. 102-486, October 24, 1992). A few states have analyzed or implemented lamp and luminaire standards. Many policy-related issues merit further investigation. For example, there is considerable debate over issues such as mandatory or voluntary standards versus component labeling and other education-oriented strategies. Several different technologies are involved that interact with each other-lamps (incandescent, compact fluorescent, and HID), ballasts (for fluorescent and HID lamps), and fixtures with reflectors and lenses. Control systems and operation patterns must also be considered (timers, automated dimming, …
Date:
December 1, 1992
Creator:
Atkinson, B. A.; McMahon, J. E.; Mills, E.; Chan, P.; Chan, T. W.; Eto, J. H. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Analysis of magnetic energy stored in superconducting coils with and without ferromagnetic inserts
Inductance and energy of superconducting coils are calculated by (1) a long solenoid approximation, (2) a finite element model, and (3) working formulas and tables. The results of the finite element model compare favorably with that of the working formulas. The long solenoid approximation overpredicts the energy and the inductance compared to the other two methods. The difference decreases with increasing length to diameter ratio.
Date:
December 1, 1992
Creator:
Cha, Y. S.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library