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Apparatus for preventing particle deposition from process streams on optical access windows
This invention is comprised of an electrostatic precipitator that is disposed inside and around the periphery of the window of a viewing port communicating with a housing through which a particle-laden gas stream is being passed. The precipitator includes a pair of electrodes around the periphery of the window, spaced apart and connected to a unidirectional voltage source. Application of high voltage from the source to the electrodes causes air molecules in the gas stream to become ionized, attaching to solid particles and causing them to be deposited on a collector electrode. This prevents the particles from being deposited on the window and keeps the window clean for viewing and making optical measurements.
Date:
December 31, 1991
Creator:
Logan, R.G. & Grimm, U.
Object Type:
Patent
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Application of hydraulically assembled shaft coupling hubs to large agitators
This paper describes the basis for and implementation of hydraulically assembled shaft coupling hubs for large tank-mounted agitators. This modification to the original design was intended to minimize maintenance personnel exposure to ionizing radiation and also provide for disassembly capability without damage to shafts or hubs. In addition to realizing these objectives, test confirmed that the modified couplings reduced agitator shaft end runouts approximately 65%, thereby reducing bearing loads and increasing service life, a significant enhancement for a nuclear facility. 5 refs.
Date:
December 31, 1991
Creator:
Murray, W. E.; Anderson, T. D. & Bethmann, H. K.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Application of in situ x-ray absorption and fluorescence measurements to analyze solutions in a simulated pit
X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy has been used to study the compositions of metal ions in solutions developed during localized corrosion. An electrochemical cell was designed to simulate a corrosion pit, maintaining one-dimensional diffusion and fulfilling the requirements for x-ray fluorescence measurements. The working electrode consisted of a dissolving thin foil of Type 304 stainless steel sealed between Mylar sheets through which the x-ray beam passed. Concentration gradients within the artificial pit were quantitatively determined.
Date:
December 31, 1991
Creator:
Isaacs, H. S.; Davenport, A. J.; Cho, J. H.; Rivers, M. L. & Sutton, S. R.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Application of inorganic-contaminated groundwater to surface soils and compliance with toxicity characteristic (TCLP) regulations
The Westinghouse Savannah River Company (WSRC) is currently implementing a Purged Water Management Program (PWMP) at the Savannah River Site (SRS) near Aiken, South Carolina. A variety of constituents and disposal strategies are being considered. Constituents investigated in the PWMP include radionuclides, organics, and inorganics (As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Pb, Hg, Se, and Ag). One practical disposal alternative is to discharge purged water (all constituents below regulatory levels) to the ground surface near the monitoring well that is being purged. The purpose of this investigation is to determine if long-term application of purged water that contains inorganic constituents (below regulatory levels) to surface soils will result in the accumulation of inorganics such that the soil becomes a hazardous waste according to the Toxicity Characteristic regulations (40 CFR Part 261.24). Two study soils were selected that encompass the range of soils found at the SRS: Lakeland and Orangeburg. Laboratory batch equilibrium studies indicate that the soils, although able to retain a large amount of inorganics, will not exceed Toxicity Characteristic concentrations when subjected to the TCLP. Field studies are underway to confirm this.
Date:
December 31, 1991
Creator:
Bergren, C. L.; Flora, M. A.; Jackson, J. L. & Hicks, E. M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
An application of supported liquid membranes for removal of inorganic contaminants from groundwater
This review paper summarizes the results of an investigation on teh use of supported liquid membranes for the removal of uranium (VI) and some anionic contaminants (technetium(VII), chromium(VI) and nitrates) from the Hanford site groundwater. As a membrane carrier for U(VI), bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinic acid was selected because of its high selectivity over calcium and magnesium. The water soluble complexing agent 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid was used as stripping agent. For the anionic contaminants the long-chain aliphatic amines Primene JM-T (primary)., Amberlite LA-1 (secondary) and trilaurylamine (tertiary) were investigated as membrane carriers. Among these amines, Amberlite LA-2 proved to be the most effective carrier for the simultaneous removal of the investigated anion contaminants. A good long-term stability (at least one month) of the liquid membranes was obtained, especially in the uranium(VI) removal. 8 refs., 4 figs., 4 tabs.
Date:
December 31, 1991
Creator:
Chiarizia, R.; Horwitz, E. P. & Hodgson, K. M.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Application of the Load Coefficient Method of ASME Code Case N-468 to the seismic analysis of piping systems
ASME Code case N-468 recognizes the use of static analysis (the Load Coefficient Method or LCM) as an alternative to the commonly used response spectra modal analysis method (or RSMAM) for the structural evaluation of piping systems. The LCM, in various forms, has been commonly used in the late 1960`s to mid-1970`s for the design of nuclear piping systems of all sizes. With the advent of more user-friendly software, the LCM slowly gave way to the RSMAM, the latter being almost exclusively used throughout the 1980`s. The paper presents the development of the seismic load coefficients in accordance with ASME Section III Code Case N-468. The load coefficients are then applied to 87 piping systems and compared to the response spectra modal analysis method.
Date:
December 31, 1991
Creator:
Antaki, G. A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Application of the SQUG-GIP to the seismic upgrade program of the Savannah River reactors
In August 1991, the Savannah River Site (SRS) seismic evaluation program using the Generic Implementation Procedure (GIP) celebrated its third anniversary -- a respectable age for such a new methodology. During these three years, the GIP, developed for the commercial nuclear industry`s Seismic Qualification Utility Group (SQUG), had evolved through Revision 0, Revision 1, Revision 2 and a Revision 2 ``update`` which is currently in the works. This evolution is not surprising for such an important, and in many ways pioneering, document. The various revisions were anticipated at SRS, and the program adjusted accordingly. The verification of seismic adequacy of equipment at the SRS nuclear reactors has been outlined in previous publications. The purpose of this paper is to relate the more practical and managerial aspects of our relatively mature SQUG-GIP implementation program, which will hopefully prove useful to future users of the GIP. This report is divided into four sections, which follow the normal flow of work under GIP: (1) Program Prerequisites (2) Definition of Scope (3) Equipment Evaluations, and (4) Resolution of Outliers.
Date:
December 31, 1991
Creator:
Antaki, G. A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Application of the successive linear programming technique to the optimum design of a high flux reactor using LEU fuel
The successive linear programming technique is applied to obtain the optimum thermal flux in the reflector region of a high flux reactor using LEU fuel. The design variables are the reactor power, core radius and coolant channel thickness. The constraints are the cycle length, average heat flux and peak/average power density ratio. The characteristics of the optimum solutions with various constraints are discussed.
Date:
December 31, 1991
Creator:
Mo, S. C.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Applications and extensions of degradation modeling
Component degradation modeling being developed to understand the aging process can have many applications with potential advantages. Previous work has focused on developing the basic concepts and mathematical development of a simple degradation model. Using this simple model, times of degradations and failures occurrences were analyzed for standby components to detect indications of aging and to infer the effectiveness of maintenance in preventing age-related degradations from transforming to failures. Degradation modeling approaches can have broader applications in aging studies and in this paper, we discuss some of the extensions and applications of degradation modeling. The application and extension of degradation modeling approaches, presented in this paper, cover two aspects: (1) application to a continuously operating component, and (2) extension of the approach to analyze degradation-failure rate relationship. The application of the modeling approach to a continuously operating component (namely, air compressors) shows the usefulness of this approach in studying aging effects and the role of maintenance in this type component. In this case, aging effects in air compressors are demonstrated by the increase in both the degradation and failure rate and the faster increase in the failure rate compared to the degradation rate shows the ineffectiveness of the existing maintenance …
Date:
December 31, 1991
Creator:
Hsu, F.; Subudhi, M.; Samanta, P. K. & Vesely, W. E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Applications of photon-in, photon-out spectroscopy with third-generation, synchrotron-radiation sources
This report discusses the following topics: Mother nature`s finest test probe; soft x-ray emission spectroscopy with high-brightness synchrotron radiation sources; anisotropy and polarization of x-ray emission from atoms and molecules; valence-hole fluorescence from molecular photoions as a probe of shape-resonance ionization: progress and prospects; structural biophysics on third-generation synchrotron sources; ultra-soft x-ray fluorescence-yield XAFS: an in situ photon-in, photon-out spectroscopy; and x-ray microprobe: an analytical tool for imaging elemental composition and microstructure.
Date:
December 31, 1991
Creator:
Lindle, D. W. & Perera, R. C. C.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Applications of the LAHET simulation code to relativistic heavy ion detectors
The Los Alamos High Energy Transport (LAHET) simulation code has been applied to test beam data from the lead/scintillator Participant Calorimeter of BNL AGS experiment E814. The LAHET code treats hadronic interactions with the LANL version of the Oak Ridge code HETC. LAHET has now been expanded to handle hadrons with kinetic energies greater than 5 GeV with the FLUKA code, while HETC is used exclusively below 2.0 GeV. FLUKA is phased in linearly between 2.0 and 5.0 GeV. Transport of electrons and photons is done with EGS4, and an interface to the Los Alamos HMCNP3B library based code is provided to analyze neutrons with kinetic energies less than 20 MeV. Excellent agreement is found between the test data and simulation, and results for 2.46 GeV/c protons and pions are illustrated in this article.
Date:
December 31, 1991
Creator:
Waters, L. S. & Gavron, A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Applications of x-ray synchrotron radiation techniques to the study of dispersed electrocatalysts in high area materials
This report discusses work demonstrating that X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy is a very powerful technique for the study of electrocatalysts. Results for a prototech catalyst, and platinum are presented. (JL)
Date:
December 31, 1991
Creator:
McBreen, J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Aqueous effluent tritium monitor development
The development of a low-level tritium monitor for aqueous effluents has explored several potential techniques. In one method, a water-immiscible liquid scintillation cocktail was ultrasonically mixed with an aqueous sample to form a water-cocktail dispersion which was analyzed by liquid scintillation spectrometry. The organic cocktail could then be reused after phase separation. Of the cocktails tested, the highest tritium detection efficiency (7%) was determined for a toluene-based cocktail. In another technique, the response of various solid scintillators (plastic beads, crushed inorganic salts, etc.) to tritium solutions was measured. A 2% tritium detection efficiency was observed for the most efficient solid scintillators tested. In a third method, a large surface area detector was constructed from thin fibers of plastic scintillator. This detector had a 0.1% intrinsic tritium detection efficiency. While sensitivities of {approximately}25 kBg/L of tritium for a short count have been attained using several of these techniques, non can reach the environmental level of <1 kBg/L in aqueous solutions.
Date:
December 31, 1991
Creator:
Hofstetter, K. J. & Wilson, H. T.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Assessment of core damage models in SCDAP/RELAP5 during OECD LOFT LP-FP-2
The US Nuclear Regulatory Commission has sponsored a program to apply the SCDAP/RELAP5 code to analysis of the transient and reflood phases of the OECD LOFT LP-FP-2 Experiment. The principal objectives of the LP-FP-2 experiment were to determine the fission product release from the fuel during the early phases of a severe fuel damage scenario and to examine the phenomena controlling fission product transport in a vapor/aerosol environment. Calculations with the SCDAP/RELAP5 code, developed at the INEL with NRC support, have been performed to (1) examine the phenomena controlling the progression of both transient and reflood phases of the experiment, (2) enhance our understanding of the phenomena occurring during reflood and add credence to the postulated phenomenological sequence, (3) assess the ability of SCDAP/RELAP5 to examine severe fuel damage issues and phenomena, and (4) identify code strengths and deficiencies with the intent of prioritizing code improvements. Results indicate that the code is able to analyze the early phases of severe fuel damage reasonably well, with potential deficiencies in modelling interaction between molten control rod material and intact fuel.
Date:
December 31, 1991
Creator:
Coryell, E. W.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
An assessment of the base blanket for ITER
Ideally, the ITER base blanket would provide the necessary tritium for the reactor to be self-sufficient during operation, while having minimal impact on the overall reactor cost, reliability and safety. A solid breeder blanket has been developed in CDA phase in an attempt to achieve such objectives. The reference solid breeder base blanket configurations at the end of the CDA phase has many attractive features such as a tritium breeding ratio (TBR) of 0.8--0.9 and a reasonably low tritium inventory. However, some concerns regarding the risk, cost and benefit of the base blanket have been raised. These include uncertainties associated with the solid breeder thermal control and the potentially high cost of the amount of Be used to achieve high TBR and to provide the necessary thermal barrier between the high temperature solid breeder and low temperature coolant. This work addresses these concerns. The basis for the selection of a breeding blanket is first discussed in light of the incremental risk, cost and benefits relative to a non-breeding blanket. Key issues associated with the CDA breeding blanket configurations are then analyzed. Finally, alternative schemes that could enhance the attractiveness and flexibility of a breeding blanket are explored.
Date:
December 31, 1991
Creator:
Raffray, A. R.; Abdou, M. A. & Ying, A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Atmospheric transport and dispersion of pollutants and related meteorological studies. Final report for 1990
A new National Meteorological Support Plan for Federal responses to the release of hazardous materials into the atmosphere is being formulated. The plan summarizes Government agencies` responsibilities for characterizing, validating, identifying, tracking, monitoring, and forecasting the transport and dispersion of released hazardous materials. Under Chapter 2, Agency Requirements and Capabilities, the plan states that Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) research activities in atmospheric transport and dispersion are conducted primarily within NOAA`s Air Resources Laboratory (ARL). The DOE is also a participating agency responding to capabilities and requirements. To fulfill these obligations, ARL is continuing to develop its Immediate Response Program (IRP) composed of: Analysis -- forecast trajectory models; analysis -- forecast transport and dispersion models; and meteorological support -- data access and display programs. Progress is described.
Date:
December 31, 1991
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Atomic negative ions
We review some of the recent progress in the studies of alkaline-earth, negative ions. Computations of autodetachment rates, electron affinities and transition wavelengths are discussed and some new and improved results are given.
Date:
December 31, 1991
Creator:
Brage, T.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Audit trails and PC control on Novell networks
Although Novell Netware 286 provides excellent access control at both the server and the directory level, the record they make available through the accounting function leaves much to be desired. This paper presents two programs; the first is a BASIC program that converts the output of Novell`s PAUDIT command into single line audit trails, providing an auditable record of server access. The second program, written in dBase III+, can be used to insure that all PC`s accessing the LAN are recorded in an inventory data base. The subject network consists of six file servers connecting approximately 500 users at the main office of WSRC`s Engineering and Projects Division. Hard copy and diskettes of the source code will be available.
Date:
December 31, 1991
Creator:
Cabot, A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Automated knowledge acquisition for second generation knowledge base systems: A conceptual analysis and taxonomy
In this paper, we present a conceptual analysis of knowledge-base development methodologies. The purpose of this research is to help overcome the high cost and lack of efficiency in developing knowledge base representations for artificial intelligence applications. To accomplish this purpose, we analyzed the available methodologies and developed a knowledge-base development methodology taxonomy. We review manual, machine-aided, and machine-learning methodologies. A set of developed characteristics allows description and comparison among the methodologies. We present the results of this conceptual analysis of methodologies and recommendations for development of more efficient and effective tools.
Date:
December 31, 1991
Creator:
Williams, K. E. & Kotnour, T.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Automated reasoning and enumerative search, with applications to mathematics
More and more mathematical problems are being solved with the aid of computers. In this paper, we examine the applications of reasoning and search programs to mathematics. It is also shown that the combination of these two techniques can solve mathematical problems more effectively.
Date:
December 31, 1991
Creator:
Zhang, Jian & Wos, L.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Automated robotic equipment for ultrasonic inspection of pressurizer heater wells
A robotic device for remotely inspecting pressurizer heater wells is provided which has the advantages of quickly, precisely, and reliably acquiring data at reasonable cost while also reducing radiation exposure of an operator. The device comprises a probe assembly including a probe which enters a heater well, gathers data regarding the condition of the heater well and transmits a signal carrying that data; a mounting device for mounting the probe assembly at the opening of the heater well so that the probe can enter the heater well; a first motor mounted on the mounting device for providing movement of the probe assembly in an axial direction; and a second motor mounted on the mounting device for providing rotation of the probe assembly. This arrangement enables full inspection of the heater well to be carried out.
Date:
December 31, 1991
Creator:
Nachbar, H.D.; DeRossi, R.S. & Mullins, L.E.
Object Type:
Patent
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Avoiding water hammer/fluid transients in nuclear piping systems by controlled filling. Final report
A variety of geometries and operating procedures that lead to steam bubble collapse induced water hammers have been explored experimentally. Construction guidelines that will eliminate the problem at the design stage have been proposed and methods for predicting the pressure signatures proposed.
Date:
December 31, 1991
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Backing up the online catalog
This paper explains the reasons for a backup or alternative to an online system and discusses the development of two such systems. This article updates the author`s presentation at the 1990 SLA conference and the article which appeared in the proceedings.
Date:
December 31, 1991
Creator:
Sutherland, C. T.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
[Band electronic structures and crystal packing forces: Progress report, July 1, 1989--December 13, 1991]
This report briefly summaries our research accomplishments made during the period of July 1, 1989 to December 13, 1991. A number of significant progresses were achieved in our studies of several different classes of low-dimensional solid state materials. On the basis of tight-binding band electronic structure calculations, we investigated the electronic properties of various organic conducting salts, cuprate superconductors, and transition-metal oxide and chalcogenide metals to find structure-property correlations governing of the physical properties of these low-dimensional materials. By employing a number of different quality basis sets, we also carried out extensive ab initio SCF-MO/MP2 calculations on model molecular systems to accurately describe the weak intermolecular contact interactions governing the structures of organic donor slats and molecular crystals. Our research efforts led to about 80 publications and two important computer programs.
Date:
December 31, 1991
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library