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377
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366
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137
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30
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27
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24
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21
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12
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369
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342
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303
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284
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178
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Degree Department
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Year
Month
Language
Comparative analysis of monetary estimates of external environmental costs associated with combustion of fossil fuels
Public utility commissions in a number of states have begun to explicitly treat costs of environmental externalities in the resource planning and acquisition process (Cohen et al. 1990). This paper compares ten different estimates and regulatory determinations of external environmental costs associated with fossil fuel combustion, using consistent assumptions about combustion efficiency, emissions factors, and resource costs. This consistent comparison is useful because it makes explicit the effects of various assumptions. This paper uses the results of the comparison to illustrate pitfalls in calculation of external environmental costs, and to derive lessons for design of policies to incorporate these externalities into resource planning. 38 refs., 2 figs., 10 tabs.
Date:
July 1, 1990
Creator:
Koomey, J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Complex fragment emission in binary and multifragment decay of very hot nuclear systems
Low-energy compound nucleus emission of complex fragments in the reaction {sup 63}Cu + {sup 12}C is used to infer the associated ridge-line potential. Compound binary emission of complex fragments at higher energies is illustrated for a variety of reactions. Complex fragment emission from 35 and 40 MeV/N {sup 139}La + {sup 12}C, {sup 27}Al, {sup 40}Ca and {sup 51}V reactions has been studied. Multifragment events from these reactions were assigned to sources characterized by their energy and mass through the incomplete-fusion-model kinematics. Excitation functions for the various multifragment channels appear to be nearly independent of the system and bombarding energy. Preliminary comparisons of the data with sequential-statistical-decay calculations are discussed.
Date:
July 1, 1990
Creator:
Moretto, L. G.; Blumenfeld, Y.; Delis, D. & Wozniak, G. J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The composition of a quad of buildings sector energy: Physical, economic, and environmental quantities
In an analysis conducted for the US Department of Energy Office of Building Technologies (OBT), the Pacific Northwest Laboratory examined the fuel type composition of energy consumed in the US buildings sector. Numerical estimates were developed for the physical quantities of fuel consumed, as well as of the fossil fuel emissions (carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides) and nuclear spent fuel byproducts associated with that consumption. Electric generating requirements and the economic values associated with energy consumption also were quantified. These variables were quantified for a generic quad (1 quadrillion Btu) of primary energy for the years 1987 and 2010, to illustrate the impacts of a fuel-neutral reduction in buildings sector energy use, and for specific fuel types, to enable meaningful comparisons of benefits achievable through various OBT research projects or technology developments. Two examples are provided to illustrate how these conversion factors may be used to quantify the impacts of energy savings potentially achievable through OBT building energy conservation efforts. 18 refs., 6 figs., 16 tabs.
Date:
July 1, 1990
Creator:
Secrest, T. J. & Nicholls, A. K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Concept for an experiment on particle and jet production at midrapidity
The concept for an experiment to study global event signatures of quark Gluon Plasma formation and to investigate the propagation of jets through strongly interacting matter at high density is presented. Both event-by-event and inclusive measurements of physical observables can be made at midrapidity over a large solid angle ({vert bar}{eta}{vert bar}<1) with full azimuthal coverage ({Delta}{phi} = 2{pi}) and azimuthal symmetry. The detection system consists of a vertex detector and time projection chamber (TPC) inside a solenoidal magnet for tracking, momentum analysis and particle identification; a time-of-flight system surrounding the TPC for particle identification at higher momenta; and electromagnetic and hadronic calorimetry to measure and trigger on jets and the transverse energy of events. 7 figs., 2 tabs.
Date:
July 1, 1990
Creator:
Harris, J. W.; Bloomer, M.; Chase, S. I.; Christie, W.; Friedlander, E.; Greiner, D. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Conceptual design of an open-cycle ocean thermal energy conversion net power-producing experiment (OC-OTEC NPPE)
This report describes the conceptual design of an experiment to investigate heat and mass transfer and to assess the viability of open-cycle ocean thermal energy conversion (OC-OTEC). The experiment will be developed in two stages, the Heat- and Mass-Transfer Experimental Apparatus (HMTEA) and the Net Power-Producing Experiment (NPPE). The goal for the HMTEA is to test heat exchangers. The goal for the NPPE is to experimentally verify OC-OTEC's feasibility by installing a turbine and testing the power-generating system. The design effort met the goals of both the HMTEA and the NPPE, and duplication of hardware was minimal. The choices made for the design resource water flow rates are consistent with the availability of cold and warm seawater as a result of the seawater systems upgrade carried out by the US Department of Energy (DOE), the state of Hawaii, and the Pacific International Center for High Technology Research. The choices regarding configuration of the system were made based on projected performance, degree of technical risk, schedule, and cost. The cost for the future phase of the design and the development of the HMTEA/NPPE is consistent with the projected future program funding levels. The HMTEA and NPPE were designed cooperatively by PICHTR, …
Date:
July 1, 1990
Creator:
Bharathan, D.; Green, H. J.; Link, H. F.; Parsons, B. K.; Parsons, J. M. & Zangrando, F.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Confined vortex scrubber
The program objective is to demonstrate efficient removal of fine particulates to sufficiently low levels to meet proposed small scale coal combustor emission standards using a cleanup technology appropriate to small scale coal combustors. This to be accomplished using a novel particulate removal device, the Confined Vortex Scrubber (CVS), which consists of a cylindrical vortex chamber with tangential flue gas inlets. The clean gas exit is via vortex finder outlets, one at either end of the tube. Liquid is introduced into the chamber and is confined within the vortex chamber by the centrifugal force generated by the gas flow itself. This confined liquid forms a layer through which the flue gas is then forced to bubble, producing a strong gas/liquid interaction, high inertial separation forces and efficient particulate cleanup. During this quarter a comprehensive series of cleanup experiments have been made for three CVS configurations. The first CVS configuration tested gave very efficient fine particulate removal at the design air mass flow rate (1 MM BUT/hr combustor exhaust flow), but had over 20{double prime}WC pressure drop. The first CVS configuration was then re-designed to produce the same very efficient particulate collection performance at a lower pressure drop. The current CVS …
Date:
July 1, 1990
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Confined vortex scrubber. Quarterly technical progress report, April 1, 1990--June 30, 1990
The program objective is to demonstrate efficient removal of fine particulates to sufficiently low levels to meet proposed small scale coal combustor emission standards using a cleanup technology appropriate to small scale coal combustors. This to be accomplished using a novel particulate removal device, the Confined Vortex Scrubber (CVS), which consists of a cylindrical vortex chamber with tangential flue gas inlets. The clean gas exit is via vortex finder outlets, one at either end of the tube. Liquid is introduced into the chamber and is confined within the vortex chamber by the centrifugal force generated by the gas flow itself. This confined liquid forms a layer through which the flue gas is then forced to bubble, producing a strong gas/liquid interaction, high inertial separation forces and efficient particulate cleanup. During this quarter a comprehensive series of cleanup experiments have been made for three CVS configurations. The first CVS configuration tested gave very efficient fine particulate removal at the design air mass flow rate (1 MM BUT/hr combustor exhaust flow), but had over 20{double_prime}WC pressure drop. The first CVS configuration was then re-designed to produce the same very efficient particulate collection performance at a lower pressure drop. The current CVS configuration …
Date:
July 1, 1990
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Confused Minds, Burdened Families: Finding Help for People With Alzheimer's and Other Dementias
This OTA report analyzes the problem of locating and arranging services for people with dementia, presents a framework for an effective system to connect them to appropriate services, and discusses congressional policy options for establishing such a system. One of the main policy issues is whether the system should serve people with dementia exclusively or serve people with other diseases and conditions as well.
Date:
July 1990
Creator:
United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Conventional Armed Forces in Europe: Technology Scenario Development
In January 1986, the Soviet Union's Mikhail Gorbachev proposed elimination of all nuclear weapons by the year 2000. In April of that year, Mr. Gorbachev proposed substantial reductions of conventional weapons in Europe, from the Atlantic Ocean to the Ural Mountains, including reductions in operational-tactical nuclear weapons. In May 1986, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) responded with the Brussels Declaration on Conventional Arms Control,'' which indicated readiness to open East/West discussions on establishing a mandate for negotiating conventional arms control throughout Europe. The Group of 23,'' which met in Vienna beginning in February 1987, concluded the meeting in January 1989 with a mandate for the Conventional Armed Forced in Europe (CFE) negotiations. On 6 March 1989, CFE talks began, and these talks have continued through six rounds (as of April 1990). Although US President George Bush, on 30 May 1989, called for agreement within six months to a year, and the Malta meeting of December 1989 called for completion of a CFE agreement by the end of 1990, much remains to be negotiated. This report provides three types of information. First, treaty provisions brought to the table by both sides are compared. Second, on the basis of these provisions, …
Date:
July 1, 1990
Creator:
Houser, G. Michael
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
COSY INFINITY reference manual
This is a reference manual for the arbitrary order particle optics and beam dynamics code COSY INFINITY. It is current as of June 28, 1990. COSY INFINITY is a code to study and design particle optical systems, including beamlines, spectrometers, and particle accelerators. At its core it is using differential algebraic (DA) methods, which allow a very systematic and simple calculation of high order effects. At the same time, it allows the computation of dependences on system parameters, which is often interesting in its own right and can also be used for fitting. COSY INFINITY has a full structured object oriented language environment. This provides a simple interface for the casual user. At the same time, it offers the demanding user a very flexible and powerful tool for the study and design of systems, and more generally, the utilization of DA methods. The power and generality of the environment is perhaps best demonstrated by the fact that the physics routines of COSY INFINITY are written in its own input language and are very compact. The approach also considerably facilitates the implementation of new features because they are incorporated with the same commands that are used for design and study. 26 …
Date:
July 1, 1990
Creator:
Berz, M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
COVE 2A benchmarking calculations using LLUVIA
Benchmarking calculations using the code LLUVIA have been performed in support of the code verification activity (COVE 2A) for the Yucca Mountain Project (YMP). LLUVIA is a program designed for the efficient solution of one-dimensional, steady flow through multiple layers of saturated or partially saturated, fractured, porous media. The benchmarking calculations involve six steady-state and six time-dependent infiltration problems. For the time-dependent analyses, LLUVIA reported only the final steady-state results. This report documents preliminary calculations, resulting code modifications and final calculations for the COVE 2A study. 7 refs., 79 figs., 3 tabs.
Date:
July 1, 1990
Creator:
Hopkins, P.L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
CP violation experiment at Fermilab
The E731 experiment at Fermilab has searched for direct'' CP violation in K{sup 0} {yields} {pi}{pi}, which is parametrized by {var epsilon}{prime}/{var epsilon}. For the first time, in 20% of the data set, all four modes of the K{sub L,S} {yields} {pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup {minus}} ({pi}{sup 0}{pi}{sup 0}) were collected simultaneously, providing a great check on the systematic uncertainty. The result is Re({var epsilon}{prime}/{var epsilon}) = {minus}0.0004 {plus minus} 0.0014 (stat) {plus minus} 0.0006(syst), which provides no evidence for direct'' CP violation. The CPT symmetry has also been tested by measuring the phase difference {Delta}{phi} = {phi}{sub 00} {minus} {phi}{sub {plus minus}} between the two CP violating parameters {eta}{sub 00} and {eta}{sub {plus minus}}. We fine {Delta}{phi} = {minus}0.3{degrees} {plus minus} 2.4{degree}(stat) {plus minus} 1.2{degree}(syst). Using this together with the world average {phi}{sub {plus minus}}, we fine that the phase of the K{sup 0}-{bar K}{sup 0} mixing parameter {var epsilon} is 44.5{degree} {plus minus} 1.5{degree}. Both of these results agree well with the predictions of CPT symmetry. 17 refs., 10 figs.
Date:
July 1, 1990
Creator:
Hsiung, Yee B.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Culture of Red Drum Fingerlings
Report on the procedures used by Texas Parks and Wildlife Department to culture of red drum fingerlings for use in supplementing the stock in Texas water ways.
Date:
July 1990
Creator:
Colura, Robert L.; Bumguardner, Britt W.; Henderson-Arzapalo, Anne & Gray, Joseph D.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Current and potential distributions on a cylinder electrode
This work presents the numerical solution for the current and potential distributions of a cylindrical electrode. In particular, it investigates the primary current distribution, the secondary current distribution with linearized kinetics, and the potential distribution due to constant current density on the working electrode. 16 refs., 19 figs.
Date:
July 1, 1990
Creator:
Grabowski, A.J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Data base management activities for the Remedial Action Program at Oak Ridge National Laboratories (ORNL)
The Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Remedial Action Program (RAP) was established in 1985 in response to state and federal regulations requiring comprehensive control over facility discharges and cleanup of contaminated sites. A computerized Data and Information Management System (DIMS) was developed for RAP to (1) provide a centralized repository for data pertinent to RAP and (2) provide support for the investigations and assessments leading to the long-term remediation of contaminated facilities and sites. The current status of DIMS and its role in supporting RAP during 1989 are described. The DIMS consists of three components: (1) the Numeric Data Base, (2) the Bibliographic Data Base, and (3) the Records Control Data Base. This report addresses all three data bases, but focuses on the contents of the Numeric Data Base. Significant progress was made last year with the geographic information system (GIS) and ARC/INFO, which can be interfaced with SAS/GRAPH to provide combined mapping and statistical graphic products. Several thematic layers of GIS data for the Oak Ridge Reservation are now available. 18 refs., 8 figs., 19 tabs.
Date:
July 1, 1990
Creator:
Hook, L. A.; Voorhees, L. D.; Gentry, M. J.; Faulkner, M. A.; Shaakir-Ali, J. A.; Newman, K. A. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
[Del Rio Federal Building]
Photograph of the Del Rio Federal Building in Del Rio, Texas.
Date:
July 1, 1990
Creator:
Texas Historical Commission
Object Type:
Photograph
System:
The Portal to Texas History
[Del Rio Federal Building]
Photograph of the Del Rio Federal Building in Del Rio, Texas.
Date:
July 1, 1990
Creator:
Texas Historical Commission
Object Type:
Photograph
System:
The Portal to Texas History
[Del Rio Federal Building, (cornerstone)]
Photograph of the Del Rio Federal Building in Del Rio, Texas.
Date:
July 1, 1990
Creator:
Texas Historical Commission
Object Type:
Photograph
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Design considerations for multilayer coated Schwarzschild objectives for the XUV
The performance of multilayer-coated Schwarzschild objectives, and similar near normal incidence soft x-ray focussing systems, can be affected by the changing angles of incidence for different rays and possible variations in multilayer period across the curved mirror surfaces. A design analysis which considers these issues is presented, using as an example a 20 times demagnifying Schwarzschild objective coated with molybdenum/silicon multilayers for operation at roughly 76 eV. The large bandwidth of these multilayers eases requirements on control of the variation of the d-spacing for the systems considered. Implications for extension to similar systems operating with different magnifications, sizes, and photon energies are discussed. 12 refs., 5 figs.
Date:
July 1, 1990
Creator:
Kortright, J.B. & Underwood, J.H.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Deuterium Recycling, Confinement, and Limiter Flux in TFTR (Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor)
The neutrals code DEGAS and the transport code SNAP were used to model recycling during steady state phases of Ohmic and neutral beam-heated discharges in TFTR. The flux of deuterium from the inner limiter is calculated to be 15--45 times the total D{sub {alpha}} emission rate, with {approx}2/3 of the deuterium flux resulting from D{sup +} flow in the scrape off to the limiter, and {approx}1/3 resulting from D{sup 0} scattering off the limiter. The total D{sup +} ionization rate in the core plasma is 6--24 times the total D{sub {alpha}} emission rate, and is larger than the total neutral beam fueling rate. The D{sub {alpha}} emission rate, limiter flux, and core ionization rates scale approximately as the square of the volume averaged electron density. 12 refs., 7 figs.
Date:
July 1, 1990
Creator:
Budny, R. V. & Heifetz, D. B.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Development of a calibration method for quantitative x-ray powder diffraction of size-segregated aerosols
X-ray power diffraction (XPD) is an important tool for the chemical characterization of atmospheric aerosol samples particularly when combined with elemental analysis obtained from x-ray fluorescence (XRF) measurements of the same specimen. The present study focuses on evaluating potential problems associated with XPD analysis of thin layers of particles collected on membrane filters such as would be the case for atmospheric aerosol samples and certain other classes of environmental and geological samples. These samples differ from those previously investigated in quantitative XPD in that absorption effects are minimized but particle size and preferential alignment artifacts may be more significant. The current US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) aerosol monitoring programs emphasize the use of sampling devices which collect size-segregated aerosols of aerodynamic equivalent diameter less than 10 {mu}m. The approach used in the present experiments is to prepare thin deposits of size-segregated particles and compare the extent to which conventional thin film XRF calibration methods can be applied to quantitative XPD analysis. 13 refs., 1 fig., 7 tabs.
Date:
July 1, 1990
Creator:
Giauque, R.D.; Jaklevic, J.M. & Sindelar, L.E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Development of standardized air-blown coal gasifier/gas turbine concepts for future electric power systems
CRS Sirrine (CRSS) is evaluating a novel IGCC process in which gases exiting the gasifier are burned in a gas turbine combustion system. The turbine exhaust gas is used to generate additional power in a conventional steam generator. This results in a significant increase in efficiency. However, the IGCC process requires development of novel approaches to control SO{sub 2} and NO{sub x} emissions and alkali vapors which can damage downstream turbine components. Ammonia is produced from the reaction of coal-bound nitrogen with steam in the reducing zone of any fixed bed coal gasifier. This ammonia can be partially oxidized to NO{sub x} when the product gas is oxidized in a gas turbine combustor. Alkali metals vaporize in the high-temperature combustion zone of the gasifier and laser condense on the surface of small char or ash particles or on cooled metal surfaces. It these alkali-coated materials reach the gas turbine combustor, the alkali will revaporize condense on turbine blades and cause rapid high temperature corrosion. Efficiency reduction will result. PSI Technology Company (PSIT) was contracted by CRSS to evaluate and recommend solutions for NO{sub x} emissions and for alkali metals deposition. Various methods for NO{sub x} emission control and the potential …
Date:
July 1, 1990
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Development of standardized air-blown coal gasifier/gas turbine concepts for future electric power systems. Volume 3, Appendix B: NO{sub x} and alkali vapor control strategies: Final report
CRS Sirrine (CRSS) is evaluating a novel IGCC process in which gases exiting the gasifier are burned in a gas turbine combustion system. The turbine exhaust gas is used to generate additional power in a conventional steam generator. This results in a significant increase in efficiency. However, the IGCC process requires development of novel approaches to control SO{sub 2} and NO{sub x} emissions and alkali vapors which can damage downstream turbine components. Ammonia is produced from the reaction of coal-bound nitrogen with steam in the reducing zone of any fixed bed coal gasifier. This ammonia can be partially oxidized to NO{sub x} when the product gas is oxidized in a gas turbine combustor. Alkali metals vaporize in the high-temperature combustion zone of the gasifier and laser condense on the surface of small char or ash particles or on cooled metal surfaces. It these alkali-coated materials reach the gas turbine combustor, the alkali will revaporize condense on turbine blades and cause rapid high temperature corrosion. Efficiency reduction will result. PSI Technology Company (PSIT) was contracted by CRSS to evaluate and recommend solutions for NO{sub x} emissions and for alkali metals deposition. Various methods for NO{sub x} emission control and the potential …
Date:
July 1, 1990
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
A development plan for a massively parallel version of the hydrocode CTH
Massively parallel computers and computer networks are beginning to appear as an integral part of the scientific computing workplace. This report documents the goals and the corresponding development plan of the massively parallel project of Departments 1530 and 1420. The main goal of the project is to provide a clear understanding of the issues and difficulties involved in bringing the current production hydrocode CTH to the state of being portable to a number of currently available parallel computing architectures. In the process of this research, various working versions of the code will be produced. 6 refs., 6 figs.
Date:
July 1990
Creator:
Robinson, A. C.; Fang, E.; Holdridge, D. & McGlaun, J. M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library