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Consolidated Incineration Facility model videotape
A Consolidated Incineration Facility (CIF) is in final design for construction at the Savannah River Plant in Aiken, South Carolina. The CIF will detoxify and volume reduce combustible radioactive, hazardous and mixed waste. A study model was constructed during scope development for project authorization to assist with equipment layout and insure sufficient maintenance access. To facilitate the Department of Energy Validation process, a videotape of the model was developed. This ten minute videotape includes general information about the incineration process and a tour of the study model with a discussion of activities in each area. The videotape will be shown and the current status and schedule for the CIF presented.
Date:
January 1, 1988
Creator:
Krolewski, J F & Augsburger, S T
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The P-Factor and Atomic Mass Systematics: Application to Medium Mass Nuclei
The P formalism was applied to atomic mass systematics for medium and heavy nuclei. The P-factor linearizes the structure-dependent part of the nuclear mass in those regions which are free from subshell effects indicating that the attractive quadrupole p-n force plays an important role in determining the binding of valence nucleons. Where marked non-linearities occur, the P-factor provides a means for recognizing subshell closures and/or other structural features not embodied in the simple assumptions of abrupt shell or subshell changes. These are thought to be regions where the monopole part of the p-n interaction is highly orbit dependent and alters the underlying single-particle structure as a function of A, N or Z. Finally, in those regions where the systematics are smooth and subshells are absent, the P-factor provides a means for predicting masses of some nuclei far-from-stability by interpolation rather than by extrapolation. 5 figs.
Date:
January 1, 1988
Creator:
Brenner, D. S.; Haustein, P. E. & Casten, R. F.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Anomalous rf magnetoresistance in copper at 4/degree/K
We have measured the effect of a magnetic field on the surface resistance of polycrystalline Cu at f = 1.2 GHz and at 4.4/degree/K; under these conditions the surface resistance is well into the anomalous skin effect regime but has not reached its limiting value. We find that the transverse and longitudinal magnetoresistance are an order of magnitude smaller than the DC magnetoresistance and depend quadratically on the field. At low fields we observe a decrease in surface resistance with increasing field which can be interpreted as a size effect of the TF surface current. 17 refs., 4 figs., 1 tab.
Date:
March 1, 1988
Creator:
Halama, H. J.; Prodell, A. G.; Rogers, J. T.; De Panfilis, S.; Melissinos, A. C.; Moskowitz, B. E. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Development of nuclear models for higher energy calculations
Two nuclear models for higher energy calculations have been developed in the regions of high and low energy transfer, respectively. In the former, a relativistic hybrid-type preequilibrium model is compared with data ranging from 60 to 800 MeV. Also, the GNASH exciton preequilibrium-model code with higher energy improvements is compared with data at 200 and 318 MeV. In the region of low energy transfer, nucleon-nucleus scattering is predominately a direct reaction involving quasi-elastic collisions with one or more target nucleons. We discuss various aspects of quasi-elastic scattering which are important in understanding features of cross sections and spin observables. These include (1) contributions from multi-step processes; (2) damping of the continuum response from 2p-2h excitations; (3) the ''optimal'' choice of frame in which to evaluate the nucleon-nucleon amplitudes; and (4) the effect of optical and spin-orbit distortions, which are included in a model based on the RPA the DWIA and the eikonal approximation. 33 refs., 15 figs.
Date:
January 1, 1988
Creator:
Bozoian, M.; Siciliano, E. R. & Smith, R. D.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Health, Safety, and Environment Division: Annual progress report 1987
The primary responsibility of the Health, Safety, and Environment (HSE) Division at the Los Alamos National Laboratory is to provide comprehensive occupational health and safety programs, waste processing, and environment protection. These activities are designed to protect the worker, the public, and the environment. Many disciplines are required to meet the responsibilities, including radiation protection, industrial hygiene, safety, occupational medicine, environmental science, epidemiology, and waste management. New and challenging health and safety problems arise occasionally from the diverse research and development work of the Laboratory. Research programs in HSE Division often stem from these applied needs. These programs continue but are also extended, as needed to study specific problems for the Department of Energy and to help develop better occupational health and safety practices.
Date:
April 1, 1988
Creator:
Rosenthal, M.A. (comp.)
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Insertion device and beam line plans for the Advanced Photon Source: A report and recommendations by the Insertion Device and Beam Line Planning Committee
In the 7-GeV Advanced Photon Source (APS) Conceptual Design Report (CDR), fifteen complete experimental beam lines were specified in order to establish a representative technical and cost base for the components involved. In order to optimize the composition of the insertion devices and the beam line, these funds are considered a ''Trust Fund.'' The present report evaluates the optimization for the distribution of these funds so that the short- and long-term research programs will be most productive, making the facility more attractive from the user's point of view. It is recommended that part of the ''Trust Fund'' be used for the construction of the insertion devices, the front-end components, and the first-optics, minimizing the cost to potential users of completing a beam line. In addition, the possibility of cost savings resulting from replication and standardization of high multiplicity components (such as IDs, front ends, and first-optics instrumentation) is addressed. 2 refs., 5 tabs.
Date:
February 1, 1988
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Optical imaging diagnostics for fusion plasmas
Imaging diagnostics are used for spatially/emdash/and temporally/emdash/resolved quantitative measurements of plasma properties such as the ionization particle source, particle and energy loss, and impurity radiation in magnetically confined fusion plasmas. Diagnostics equipped with multi-element solid-state detectors (often with image intensifiers) are well suited to the environment of large fusion machines with high magnetic field and x-ray and neutron fluxes. We have both conventional (16msframe) and highspeed video cameras to measure neutral deuterium H/sub ..cap alpha../ (6563 /angstrom/) emissions from fusion plasmas. Continuous high-speed measurements are made with video cameras operating at 0.1 to 0.5 msframe; gated cameras provide snapshots of 10 to 100 ..mu..s during each 16-ms video frame. Digital data acquisition and absolute intensity calibrations of the cameras enable detailed quantitative source measurements: these are extremely important in determining the particle balance of the plasma. In a liner confinement device, radial transport can be determined from the total particle balance. In a toroidal confinement device, the details of particle recycling can be determined. Optical imaging in other regions of the spectrum are also important, particularly for the diverter region of large tokamaks. Absolutely calibrated infrared cameras have been used to image to temperature changes in the wall and thereby …
Date:
April 1, 1988
Creator:
Allen, S.L.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The passive safety characteristics of modular high temperature gas-cooled reactor fuel elements
High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactors (HTGR) in both the US and West Germany use an all-ceramic, coated fuel particle to retain fission products. Data from irradiation, postirradiation examinations and postirradiation heating experiments are used to study the performance capabilities of the fuel particles. The experimental results from fission product release tests with HTGR fuel are discussed. These data are used for development of predictive fuel performance models for purposes of design, licensing, and risk analyses. During off normal events, where temperatures may reach up to 1600/degree/C, the data show that no significant radionuclide releases from the fuel will occur.
Date:
January 1, 1988
Creator:
Goodin, D.T.; Kania, M.J.; Nabielek, H.; Schenk, W. & Verfondern, K.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Stress-related phenomena in transient radiation-induced absorption in optical fibers
The optical properties of materials can be modified by exposure to radiation and research to investigate these radiation-induced phenomena has intensified over the last several decades. The advent of optical fiber technology and the many applications of optical fiber for information transmission have sharply increased the interest in these investigations. Optical fibers present a long optical transmission path and that path may traverse different adverse environments, including radiation areas. The long tranmission path provides increased potential for interactions between the optical information signal and the optical medium. 10 refs., 10 figs.
Date:
January 1, 1988
Creator:
Looney, L. D.; Lyons, P. B. & Kelly, R. E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
A numerical study of Rayleigh-Taylor instability in aluminum and steel plates
The SCRAM code is applied to the study of Rayleigh-Taylor instability in metal plates, and comparisons of these computer results are made with experimental data for 1100-O aluminum, 6061-T6 aluminum and 304 stainless steel. Various models for the pressure, temperature, and strain-rate dependencies of the flow stress are compared in the computer calculations. The coefficients that are required in these models to give good agreement with the experimental results are generally close to values that were determined from previous experimental comparisons. The sensitivity of the computed results to modeling parameters, to variations in the hardening modulus, and to the amplitude and wavelength of the perturbations in the plate surface is examined. Very little growth in amplitude occurs if either the initial amplitude or the wavelength is sufficiently small. The growth rate increases monotonically with increasing initial amplitude. There appears to exist a wavelength of maximum growth, such that the growth rate increases rapidly with wavelength up to this wavelength, but then decreases slowly as the wavelength is further increased.
Date:
March 1, 1988
Creator:
Daly, B.J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Effect of the self-pumped limiter concept on the tritium fuel cycle
The self-pumped limiter concept for impurity control of the plasma of a fusion reactor has a major impact on the design of the tritium systems. To achieve a sustained burn, conventional limiters and divertors remove large quantities of unburnt tritium and deuterium from the plasma which must be then recycled using a plasma processing system. The self-pumped limiter which does not remove the hydrogen species, does not require any plasma processing equipment. The blanket system and the coolant processing systems acquire greater importance with the use of this unconventional impurity control system. 3 refs., 2 figs.
Date:
January 1, 1988
Creator:
Finn, P.A.; Sze, D.K. & Hassanein, A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Trends in household energy conservation attitudes and behaviors in the northwest: 1983-1987
The objective of this report is to present the results of a 1987 telephone survey on attitudes and behaviors toward energy conservation and to compare them with the results of similar surveys in 1983 and 1985. The surveys were conducted in the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) service area: Washington, Oregon, Idaho and Western Montana. Data collected during the surveys were analyzed by Pacific Northwest Laboratory to assist the BPA in its energy conservation program planning, design, and marketing.
Date:
June 1, 1988
Creator:
Schultz, R. W. & Bailey, B. M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Pion scattering to 8/sup -/ stretched states in /sup 60/Ni
Using the Energetic Pion Channel and Spectrometer at the Los Alamos Meson Physics Facility, differential cross sections for pion scattering were measured for ten previously known J/sup ..pi../ = 8/sup /minus// stretched states in /sup 60/Ni. A possible new pure isoscalar stretched state was also found. The data were taken near the /DELTA//sub 3,3/-resonance using 162 MeV incident pions and scattering angles of 65/degree/, 80/degree/, and 90/degree/ for ..pi../sup +/ and 65/degree/ and 80/degree/ for ..pi../sup /minus//. The analysis of the /sup 60/Ni data found that the use of Woods-Saxon wave functions in the theoretical calculations gave much better agreement with data than the use of the usual harmonic oscillator wave functions. The WS theory gave better predictions of: the angle at which the ..pi../sup /minus// and ..pi../sup +/ angular distributions are maximum, the ratios of ..pi../sup /minus// to ..pi../sup +/ cross sections for pure isovector states (which were much larger than unity), and the absolute size of the cross sections for all states (so that the normalization factor necessary to arrive at agreement of theory with data was closer to unity). The theoretical calculations used the distorted wave impulse approximation, including new methods for unbound states. The sensitivities of …
Date:
March 1, 1988
Creator:
Clausen, B.L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
New computer-controlled precipitator at the Savannah River Plant
A new plutonium triflouride preciptation facility was successfully started up on the first attempt May 13, 1987 at the Savannah River Plant (SRP). This new facility provided a 75% reduction in radiation exposure, a substantial improvement in process performance, and elimination of the major SRP process bottleneck. This was accomplished through sound engineering, improved process control, process automation, and extensive testing of components, assemblies, and entire system prior to ''hot'' startup.
Date:
January 1, 1988
Creator:
Moore, E. N.; Robbins, C. C. & Murdock, D. W.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Waste acid detoxification and reclamation: Phase 1, Project planning and concept development
The objectives of this project are to develop processes for reducing the volume, quantity, and toxicity of metal-bearing waste acids. The primary incentives for implemeting these types of waste minimization processes are regulatory and economic in that they meet requirements in the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act and reduce the cost for treatment, storage, and disposal. Two precipitation processes and a distillation process are being developed to minimize waste from fuel fabrication operations, which comprise a series of metal-finishing operations. Waste process acids, such as HF/--/HNO/sub 3/ etch solutions contianing Zr as a major metal impurity and HNO/sub 3/ strip solutions containing Cu as a major metal impurity, are detoxified and reclaimed by concurrently precipitating heavy metals and regenerating acid for recycle. Acid from a third waste acid stream generated from chemical milling operations will be reclaimed using distillation. This stream comprises HNO/sub 3/ and H/sub 2/SO/sub 4/ which contains U as the major metal impurity. Distillation allows NO/sub 3//sup /minus// to be displaced by SO/sub 4//sup /minus/2/ in metal salts; free HNO/sub 3/ is then vaporized from the U-bearing sulfate stream. Uranium can be recovered from the sulfate stream in downstream precipitation step. These waste minimization processes were developed …
Date:
February 1, 1988
Creator:
Stewart, T. L. & Brouns, T. M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Interaction of impurity ions with a weakly non-Maxwellian simple hydrogenic plasma. [None]
The average acceleration of an ensemble of /open quotes/test particles/close quotes/ in a plasma is called the /open quotes/dynamical friction/close quotes/; the average rate at which their velocity vectors spread out in velocity-space diffusion-rate tensor. These quantities are derived for impurity ions intereacting with a weakly non-Maxwellian simple hydrogenic plasma. The distribution functions for the plasma ions and electrons are written explicitly.
Date:
March 1, 1988
Creator:
Terry, W.K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The hole of a blanket tritium system on the fusion fuel cycle
The requirements of tritium technology are centered in three main areas, i.e., (1) fuel processing, (2) breeder tritium extraction, and (3) tritium containment. The gaseous tritium stream from the breeder tritium extraction system is significantly different from the plasma exhaust stream and, therefore, may have important impact on the operation of the fuel processing system. For some blankets, such as aqueous solution blanket, the blanket tritium stream may dominate the fuel processing system in terms of component size and power consumption. The importance of the blanket interface to a fuel processing experiment, such as TSTA, has been identified. The initial work to define the blanket processing system, which is proposed to be added as part of TSTA, will be discussed here.
Date:
February 1988
Creator:
Sze, D.K.; Finn, P.; Clemmer, R.; Anderson, J.; Bartlit, J.; Naruse, Y. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Time-Resolved Doubly Bent Crystal X-Ray Spectrometer
X-ray spectroscopy is an essential tool in high temperature plasma research. We describe a time-resolved x-ray spectrometer suitable for measuring spectra in harsh environments common to many very high energy density laboratory plasma sources. The spectrometer consisted of a doubly curved Si(111) crystal diffraction element, a WL-1201 (ZnO:Ga) phosphor, a coherent fiber optic array, and two visible streak cameras. The spectrometer design described here has a minimum time resolution of 1.3 ns with 2.8 eV spectral resolution over a 200 eV wide bandpass in the 6-7 keV region of the spectrum. Complete system spectral throughput calibrations were done at the Cornell High Energy Synchrotron (CHESS). Details of the design and calibration results are presented. 5 refs., 5 figs.
Date:
January 1, 1988
Creator:
Hockaday, M. P.; Wilke, M. D.; Blake, R. L.; Vaninetti, J.; Gray, N. T. & Nedrow, P. T.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Detection of charged particles in thick hydrogenated amorphous silicon layers
We show our results in detecting particles of various linear energy transfer, including minimum ionizing electrons from a Sr-90 source with 5 to 12 micron thick n-i-p and p-i-n diodes. We measured W ( average energy to produce one electron-hole pair) using 17keV filtered xray pulses with a result W = 6.0 /+-/ 0.2eV. This is consistent with the expected value for a semiconductor with band gap of 1.7 to 1.9eV. With heavily ionizing particles such as 6 MeV alphas and 1 to 2 MeV protons, there was some loss of signal due to recombination in the particle track. The minimum ionizing electrons showed no sign of recombination. Applications to pixel and strip detectors for physics experiments and medical imaging will be discussed. 7 refs., 8 figs.
Date:
March 1, 1988
Creator:
Fujieda, I.; Cho, G.; Kaplan, S. N.; Perez-Mendez, V.; Qureshi, S.; Ward, W. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Initial evaluation of photographic data of F- and H-Area seepage basin outcrops
Photographic data for the Savannah River Plant (SRP) were reviewed for 1961 through 1987 to determine the value of this photography in estimating the timing and extent of the F- and H-Area seepage basin outcrops along the upper Four Mile Creek floodplain. In excess of 15,000 frames of photography of the SRP were reviewed. The quality of the photography varied widely and included panchromatic (black and white), natural color, and false color infrared. Altitudes of the photography ranged from 2,000 feet above ground level (AGL) to 40,000 feet AGL. For each year the best photography at the lowest altitude was evaluated to determine the presence of vegetation damage downslope of the F- and H-Area seepage basins. Criteria of no visible evidence of vegetation (forest canopy) damage, initial evidence of vegetation or canopy damage, canopy thinning, tree mortality, and expansion of vegtation damage and/or tree mortality zones were applied to each of the photographs. In this initial evaluation, only the largest of the outcrops below the seepage basins were evaluated. (3 tabs.)
Date:
February 8, 1988
Creator:
Mackey, H. E., Jr.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Advances in processing nuclear waste glasses
The vitrification of nuclear waste glasses is presenting unique challenges to glass technologists. On the one hand, the composition of the most important constituent of the glass batch/--/the waste/--/may vary widely. On the other hand, the vitrification process itself must be tightly controlled to ensure product quality, public safety, and process reliability. This has led to several important developments in waste vitrification technology, all aimed at improving process control. These include use of process models, use of artificial intelligence techniques, and improved control and measurement of glass redox. 19 refs., 2 figs., 2 tabs.
Date:
January 1, 1988
Creator:
Plodinec, M J
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Spectra in the 60 )angstrom) to 345 )angstrom) wavelength region of elements injected into the PLT tokamak
High resolution spectra of the elements Fe, Ni, Zn, Ge, Se, and Mo injected into the PLT tokamak were recorded by the 2-meter Schwob-Fraenkel soft X-ray multichannel spectrometer (SOXMOS). Spectra were recorded every 50 ms during the time before and after injection. The spectral lines of the injected element were very strong in the spectrum recorded immedately after injection, and the transition in the injected element were easily distinguished from the transitions in te intrinsic elements (C, O, Ti, Cr, Fe, and Ni). An accurate wavelength scale was established using well-known reference transitions in the intrinsic elements. The spectra recorded just prior to injection were substracted from the spectra recorded after injection, and the resulting spectrum was composed almost entirely of transitions from the injected element. A large number of ..delta..n + 0 transitions between the ground and the first excited configurations in the Li I through K I isoelectronic sequences of the injected elements were identified in the wavelength region 60 )angstrom) to 345 )angstrom). 33 refs., 5 figs., 1 tab.
Date:
March 1, 1988
Creator:
Wouters, A.; Schwob, J.L.; Suckewer, S.; Seely, J.F.; Feldman, U. & Dave, J.H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
SESAME equation of state No. 7530, basalt
A full-range equation of state (EOS) for dry, nonporous basalt with a grain density of 2.868 gcm/sup 3/ has been constructed and placed on the SESAME library as material number 7530.
Date:
May 1, 1988
Creator:
Barnes, J.F. & Lyon, S.P.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Laboratory work in support of West Valley glass development
Over the past six years, Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) has conducted several studies in support of waste glass composition development and testing of glass compositions suitable for immobilizing the nuclear wastes stored at West Valley, New York. As a result of pilot-scale testing conducted by PNL, the glass composition was changed from that originally recommended in response to changes in the waste stream, and several processing-related problems were discovered. These problems were solved, or sufficiently addressed to determine their likely effect on the glass melting operations to be conducted at West Valley. This report describes the development of the waste glass composition, WV-205, and discusses solutions to processing problems such as foaming and insoluble sludges, as well as other issues such as effects of feed variations on processing of the resulting glass. An evaluation of the WV-205 glass from a repository perspective is included in the appendix to this report.
Date:
May 1, 1988
Creator:
Bunnell, L.R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library