The CHROMA laser facility at KMS Fusion has been used to irradiate a variety of microdot targets. These include aluminum dots and mixed bromine dots doped with K-shell (magnesium) emitters. Simultaneously time- and space-resolved K-shell and L-shell spectra have been measured and compared to dynamic model predictions. The electron density profiles are measured using holographic interferometry. Temperatures, densities, and ionization distributions are determined using K-shell and L-shell spectral techniques. Time and spatial gradients are resolved simultaneously using three diagnostics: a framing crystal x-ray spectrometer, an x-ray streaked crystal spectrometer with a spatial imaging slit, and a 4-frame holographic interferometer. Significant differences have been found between the interferometric and the model-dependent spectral measurements of plasma density. Predictions by new non-stationary L-shell models currently being developed are also presented. 14 refs., 10 figs.

In accelerator theory of particle longitudinal motion, a classical definition if a synchronous particle (synchronous energy, synchronous phase, synchronous orbit) assumes that there is a one-to-one relationship of the accelerator electrical field. In practice, that relationship may not be sustained because of errors in the magnetic field, radio frequency, or because sometimes we do not want to keep that relationship for some reason. In this report we formulate the concept of adiabatic equilibrium between particle and accelerator, and we introduce a definition of synchronous particle when the magnetic field and radio frequency are independent functions of time. The result is that size and shape of the bucket (separatrix) depends not only on the fields rate of change /dot B/, but on the frequency rate /dot f/ as well. This means, for example, we can have a stationary bucket even at the rising field /dot B/ > 0. Having a frequency f in addition to field B and voltage V as parameters controlling the bucket dynamics, we will show how to decrease particle losses during injection and capture. 6 refs., 7 figs.

The current situation concerning supernova simulations and the theory of neutron star structure are studied with respect to what they tell about the equation of state. A new mechanism that could help power supernovae is suggested.

Fermilab plans to increase the energy of its H/sup /minus// linac from 200 to 400 MeV as part of a program to enhance the operation of the Tevatron for both collider and fixed target operation. The principal motivation for the linac upgrade is to reduce the incoherent spacecharge tuneshift at injection into the booster synchrotron. Other parts of the program are required to fully exploit the linac upgrade, but immediate improvement should be seen in booster performance with consequent benefit for collider luminosity and probably fixed target intensity as well. Improved diagnostic and beam steering capabilities and the elimination of some of the obsolete triode power amplifiers are expected to lead to improved reliability and consistency in linac operation. The grade design has been presented in a conceptual design report. This paper treats the current evolution of the general design and principal parameters of the linac with little reference to components, supporting systems, conventional facilities, etc. 13 refs., 5 figs., 1 tab.

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L-Lake was built in 1985 to receive and cool the thermal effluents from the L-Reactor. The lake was constructed by impounding approximately 7 km of the upper portions of Steel Creek to form a 1000-acre reservoir. Dam construction and reservoir filling were completed in October 1985 and L-Reactor resumed operations at the end of the same month. Since 1985, this system has been developing a biological community comprised of representatives of all trophic levels. The system is impacted by both temperature from the operating reactor and nutrient inputs from the Savannah River ecosystem. A preliminary evaluation of the technical and monetary feasibilities of a number of thermal and/or nutrient mitigation alternatives for the L-Lake ecosystem has been performed by the Ecology Group of SRL/ESD. This report is a summary of the alternatives considered and their applicability.

Department of Energy Participation in the Rawlins UCG Demonstration Project began officially on November 9, 1987. Even though their financial participation began at this time, they will receive technical information from the start of the project which was on January 1, 1987. The Rawlins UCG Demonstration Project is progressing in Phase I with the majority of the emphasis on facility design, site characterization and the environmental work. The site characterization field work is estimated to be completed by the end of February with the final report completion towards the end of Phase I. The facility design effort is close to the 40% level. It is anticipated that all permits will be applied for in Phase I and most of them will be granted by the end of Phase I. The obtaining of the private financing continues to be a major activity in the project. All of the financing must be in place before the continuation for DOE funding to Phase II will be applied for.

A distributed data acquisition system that uses various computer hardware and software is being developed to support magnetic fusion experiments at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). The experimental sequence of operations is controlled by a supervisory program, which coordinates software running on Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) VAX computers, Hewlett-Packard (HP) UNIX-based workstations, and HP BASIC desktop computers. An interprocess communication system (IPCS) allows programs to communicate with one another in a standard manner regardless of program location in the network or of operating system and hardware differences. We discuss the design and implementation of this data acquisition system with particular emphasis on the coordination model and the IPCS. 5 refs., 3 figs.

Compact x-ray lasers in the laboratory can be produced with ultrahigh gradient rf linacs based on recent advances in linac technology by an SLAC-LLNL-LBL collaboration and on the development of bright, high current electron sources by BNL and LANL. The GeV electron beams generated with such accelerators can be converted to soft x rays in the range of 2--10 nm by passage through short period, high field strength wigglers. Alternatively, the beam can pump a low density dielectric to produce x rays via recombination. Such linear light sources can produce trains of picosecond (or shorter) pulses of extremely high spectral brilliance suitable for flash holography of biological specimens in vivo and for studies of fast chemical reactions. 15 refs., 7 figs., 3 tabs.

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The Linac Upgrade program, a portion of the Tevatron Upgrade, calls for increasing the energy of the existing 200 MeV, 201.25 MHz linac to 400 MeV in order to reduce beam emittance degradation in the Booster. This is to be accomplished by replacing the last four Alvarez linac tanks with more efficient, higher gradient 805 MHz linac structure. One of the linac structures currently under study in a collaboration between Fermilab and SAIC is the Disk-and-Washer accelerating structure with bi-periodic tee supports, four per washer pair. This structure has a stop-band for the TM/sub 11/ mode (a problem in other designs) centered near the ..pi.. TM/sub 02/ accelerating mode frequency. A novel heat shrinking technique is used in the construction of a ten-cell one-meter long vacuum prototype structure. Description of the structure, testing techniques and test results are presented. 9 refs., 4 figs., 1 tab.

This memorandum recommends the use of water quenching, rather than air quenching, for pressed slugs in any future project to substantially update the Building 313-M slug manufacturing facility. At the outset of the recently canceled Project S-4092, Improved Slug Processing Facility (ISPF), 313-M, consensus of the SRP liaison team was to replace the existing water quench facility with air quenching. Principal motivations were to eliminate a liquid waste stream, reduce the quantity of process water used, and attain a more reliable mechanical system. During the ensuing years, unforeseen difficulties with air quenching have been realized. Also, effective methods of reducing and treating the waste streams generated by water quenching have been developed. Both methods the author believes will work. However, the propriety of either method of quenching is a function of the system into which it is being incorporated. Each method carried with it a lot of concealed constraint s and carefully designed additional equipment. There is today a consensus that water quenching is preferable. For future reference, some advantages and disadvantages of the two quenching methods are discussed.

The current condition of L Lake/Steel Creek was summarized in a report to SCDHEC in June 1988 which reported that the L Lake and Steel Creek ecosystems were adequately developing towards balanced biological communities. If mitigation for L Lake inputs, specifically temperature and nutrients, are required, several viable alternatives are available. A report prepared by Spencer in 1986 discusses the various options available for cooling L-Reactor discharges. In effect, a small cooling tower is the only realistic solution to reducing effluent temperatures. Nutrient mitigation can take several approaches including upstream sewage treatment, hypolimnetic withdrawal, dilution of input water by Par Pond water, precipitation of nutrients, and sediment oxidation. None of these systems would influence the thermal regime, but would significantly reduce nutrient input into the system. One beneficial use of L-Lake thermal effluents is algaculture, the production of useful algae. A document prepared in 1988 concludes that algaculture is a technically and economically feasible mitigation alternative for L Lake and could allow L Lake to be handled under Section 318 of the Clean Water Act.

This report talks about Beam Bunch Space Manipulation in RHIC