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Results:
1 - 24 of
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Bose-Einstein correlations in e/sup +/e/sup -/ collisions
The MARK II detector is used to study the Bose-Einstein correlation between pairs and triplets of charged pions produced in hadronic decays of the J)psi), the ..sqrt..s = 4 to 7 GeV continuum above the J)psi), two photon events at ..sqrt..s = 29 GeV, and e/sup )plus/)e/sup )minus/) annihilation events at ..sqrt..s = 29 GeV as a function of Q/sup 2/, the four-momentum transfer squared. After corrections for Coulomb effects and pion misidentification, we find a nearly full Bose-Einstein enhancement ..cap alpha.. in the J)psi) and the two photon data and about half the maximum value in the other two data sets. The radius parameter )tau)(an average over space and time) given by pion pair analyses lies within a band of +-0.10 fm around 0.73 fm and is the same, within errors, for all four data sets. Pion triplet analyses also give a consistent radius of approx. 0.54 fm. fits to two-dimensional distributions R(q/sub T//sup 2/, q/sub C//sup 2/) of invariant components of Q/sup 2/ = q/sub T//sup 2/ )plus) q/sub C//sup 2/ give )tau)/sub T/ approx. )tau)C approx. )tau), where q/sub T/ is the transverse three-momentum difference calculated with respect to the net pair three-momentum, and q/sub C/ is …
Date:
December 1, 1987
Creator:
Juricic, I.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Evaluating late detection capability against diverse insider adversaries
This paper describes a model for evaluating the late (after-the-fact) detection capability of material control and accountability (MCandA) systems against insider theft or diversion of special nuclear material. Potential insider cover-up strategies to defeat activities providing detection (e.g., inventories) are addressed by the model in a tractable manner. For each potential adversary and detection activity, two probabilities are assessed and used to fit the model. The model then computes the probability of detection for activities occurring periodically over time. The model provides insight into MCandA effectiveness and helps identify areas for safeguards improvement. 4 refs., 4 tabs.
Date:
December 3, 1987
Creator:
Sicherman, A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Revised Users Manual, Pulverized Coal Gasification or Combustion: 2-Dimensional (87-PCGC-2): Final Report, Volume 2. [87-PCGC-2]
A two-dimensional, steady-state model for describing a variety of reactive and non-reactive flows, including pulverized coal combustion and gasification, is presented. Recent code revisions and additions are described. The model, referred to as 87-PCGC-2, is applicable to cylindrical axi-symmetric systems. Turbulence is accounted for in both the fluid mechanics equations and the combustion scheme. Radiation from gases, walls, and particles is taken into account using either a flux method or discrete ordinates method. The particle phase is modeled in a Lagrangian framework, such that mean paths of particle groups are followed. Several multi-step coal devolatilization schemes are included along with a heterogeneous reaction scheme that allows for both diffusion and chemical reaction. Major gas-phase reactions are modeled assuming local instantaneous equilibrium, and thus the reaction rates are limited by the turbulent rate mixing. A NO/sub x/ finite rate chemistry submodel is included which integrates chemical kinetics and the statistics of the turbulence. The gas phase is described by elliptic partial differential equations that are solved by an iterative line-by-line technique. Under-relaxation is used to achieve numerical stability. The generalized nature of the model allows for calculation of isothermal fluid mechanicsgaseous combustion, droplet combustion, particulate combustion and various mixtures of the …
Date:
December 1, 1987
Creator:
Smith, P. J.; Smoot, L. D. & Brewster, B. S.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Heavy leptons at the SSC
It is argued that detection of heavy leptons at the Superconducting Super Collider seems to be very difficult but perhaps not impossible. The feasibility is shown to depend critically upon the ability to identify events with W's decaying hadronically and missing transverse momentum. (LEW)
Date:
December 15, 1987
Creator:
Anderson, G. & Hinchliffe, I.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Use of transportable storage casks in the nuclear waste management system: Appendices
A study was performed to determine the viability of the use of transportable storage casks (TSCs), and other metal casks that are designed primarily for storage but which might be used to ship their stored contents to DOE on a one-time use basis (referred to in this study as storage only casks, or SOCs), in the combined utility/DOE spent fuel management system. The viability of the use of TSCs and SOCs was assessed in terms of the costs and savings involved in their use, the sensitivity of these costs and savings to changes in the capacity and cost of fabrication of the casks, the impacts of variation in cask design features on cost and radiation exposure of personnel, and their prospective use in connection with the transport of defense high level wastes. Estimates were developed of the costs of acquiring and handling of TSCs and SOCs at reactor sites. For comparison purposes, similar costs were developed for the use of concrete storage casks at reactor sites. Estimates of the savings involved to the DOE system as a result of receiving spent fuel in TSCs or SOCs were separately developed. These costs are developed and presented in Volume 2, Appendices A …
Date:
December 1, 1987
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Estimating properties of unsaturated fractured formations from injection and falloff tests
A new technique for calculating hydraulic properties of unsaturated fractured formations is proposed as an alternative to the common approach involving steady-state analysis of multi-rate gas injection tests. This method is based on graphical analysis of unsteady-state pressure-time data from an injection-falloff test sequence. Both gas and water injection testing are considered. Flow in a horizontal fracture of limited lateral extent, bounded above and below by an impermeable matrix, and intersected by a cylindrical borehole is described by two analytical models developed in this study. The first model corresponds to the early-time infinite acting radial flow period, and the second to the late-time linear flow period. Interpretive equations are derived for computing fracture conductivity and volumetric aperture from early-time pressure data, and fracture width from late-time pressure data. Effects of fracture inclination and gravity are studied numerically and found to be practically negligible for gas as well as water injection. Two simulated injection-falloff tests are analyzed using the suggested procedure. Results are found to be in good agreement with simulator input values. 13 refs., 14 figs., 4 tabs.
Date:
December 1, 1987
Creator:
Mishra, S.; Bodvarsson, G.S. & Attanayake, M.P.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Cosmions and stars
Hypothetical particles such as the heavy neutrino, the photino, or the sneutrino/emdash/generically called cosmions/emdash/may solve the so called missing mass problem. If they exist, the cosmions may close the Universe. In addition to their gravitational effect on cosmological scales, the cosmions may also be captured by stars and concentrate in their cores. Since cosmions are able to transport heat outside stellar cores much more efficiently than photons, they may seriously affect the thermodynamics of the inner layer of stars. We have done an exact calculation of the accretion rate of cosmions by main sequence stars and we have studied the suppression of their central convection. We concluded that central convection inside stars between 0.3 Msub solar and 1 Msub solar is broken in the presence of cosmions. 6 refs., 2 figs.
Date:
December 1, 1987
Creator:
Salati, P.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Microstructural evolution in fast-neutron-irradiated austenitic stainless steels
The present work has focused on the specific problem of fast-neutron-induced radiation damage to austenitic stainless steels. These steels are used as structural materials in current fast fission reactors and are proposed for use in future fusion reactors. Two primary components of the radiation damage are atomic displacements (in units of displacements per atom, or dpa) and the generation of helium by nuclear transmutation reactions. The radiation environment can be characterized by the ratio of helium to displacement production, the so-called He/dpa ratio. Radiation damage is evidenced microscopically by a complex microstructural evolution and macroscopically by density changes and altered mechanical properties. The purpose of this work was to provide additional understanding about mechanisms that determine microstructural evolution in current fast reactor environments and to identify the sensitivity of this evolution to changes in the He/dpa ratio. This latter sensitivity is of interest because the He/dpa ratio in a fusion reactor first wall will be about 30 times that in fast reactor fuel cladding. The approach followed in the present work was to use a combination of theoretical and experimental analysis. The experimental component of the work primarily involved the examination by transmission electron microscopy of specimens of a model …
Date:
December 1, 1987
Creator:
Stoller, R.E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Advanced nuclear rocket engine mission analysis
The use of a derivative of the NERVA engine developed from 1955 to 1973 was evluated for potential application to Air Force orbital transfer and maneuvering missions in the time period 1995 to 2020. The NERVA stge was found to have lower life cycle costs (LCC) than an advanced chemical stage for performing low earth orbit (LEO) to geosynchronous orbit (GEO0 missions at any level of activity greater than three missions per year. It had lower life cycle costs than a high performance nuclear electric engine at any level of LEO to GEO mission activity. An examination of all unmanned orbital transfer and maneuvering missions from the Space Transportation Architecture study (STAS 111-3) indicated a LCC advantage for the NERVA stage over the advanced chemical stage of fifteen million dollars. The cost advanced accured from both the orbital transfer and maneuvering missions. Parametric analyses showed that the specific impulse of the NERVA stage and the cost of delivering material to low earth orbit were the most significant factors in the LCC advantage over the chemical stage. Lower development costs and a higher thrust gave the NERVA engine an LCC advantage over the nuclear electric stage. An examination of technical data …
Date:
December 1, 1987
Creator:
Ramsthaler, J.; Farbman, G.; Sulmeisters, T.; Buden, D. & Harris, P.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
2-Dimensional studies of the disk-and-washer and side-coupled resonant cavity structures
The work done consists of three parts: optimizing the disk-and-washer (DAW) structure at ..beta.. = 0.5662 corresponding to E = 200 MeV; comparing the DAW structure with the side-coupled (SCS) structure at various values of beta, ranging from ..beta.. = 0.4569 and E = 116 MeV to ..beta.. = 0.7131 and E = 400 MeV; and re-optimizing the DAW structure at ..beta.. = 0.7131. 4 refs., 51 figs., 41 tabs.
Date:
December 1, 1987
Creator:
Larry, L.D. Jr.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Super high energy heavy ion collisions
Basic theoretical ideas on a phase transition to a plasma of free quarks and gluons in heavy ion collisions are outlined. First results from experiments with oxygen beams at 14.5 GeV/c/N (BNL), 60 and 200 GeV/c/N (CERN) are discussed. 30 refs., 9 figs.
Date:
December 1, 1987
Creator:
Geist, W.M.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Teratology studies of lewisite and sulfur mustard agents: Effects of lewisite in rats and rabbits: Final report
Lewisite was administered to rats and rabbits by intragastric intubation. Maternal animals were weighed periodically, and, at necropsy (20 dg (days of gestation) in rats and 30 dg in rabbits), were examined for gross lesions of major organs and reproductive performances; live fetuses were weighed and examined for external, internal and skeletal defect. In rats, a dose level of 1.5 mg/kg did not induce toxic or teratogenic responses in maternal and fetal body weights and a significant reduction in the number if viable fetuses were evident. In rabbit studies maternal mortality occurred in all but one of the lewisite treatment groups and ranged from 13% to 100% at dose levels of 0.07 and 1.5 mg/kg, respectively. This mortality rate limited the sample size and impaired the detection of statistical significance among treatments. However, at the lowest dose level of the teratology study (0.07 mg/kg, maternal mortality was the only indicator of lewisite toxicity; at the highst dose (0.6 mg/kg), significant findings included 86% maternal mortality, a decrease in maternal body weight gains and an increase in the incidence of fetal stunting, although only a tendency in decreased fetal body weights was observed. These results suggest that maternal mortality was the …
Date:
December 31, 1987
Creator:
Hackett, P L; Sasser, L B; Rommereim, R L; Cushing, J A; Buschbom, R L & Kalkwarf, D R
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Defect structures in YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-x/ produced by electron irradiation
Defect structures in YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-x/ produced by electron irradiation at 300/sup 0/ K were investigated by transmission electron microscopy. Threshold energies for the production of visible defects were determined to be 152 keV and 131 keV (+- 7 keV) in directions near the a and b (b > a) axes (both perpendicular to c, the long axis in the orthorhombic structure), respectively. During above threshold irradiations in an electron flux of 3 x 10/sup 18/ cm/sup -2/ s/sup -1/, extended defects were observed to form and grow to sizes of 10 to 50 nm over 1000 s in material thicknesses 20 to 200 nm. Such low electron threshold energies suggest oxygen atom displacements with recoil energies near 20 eV. The observation of movement of twin boundaries during irradiation just above threshold suggests movement of the basal plane oxygen atoms by direct displacement or defect migration processes. Crystals irradiated above threshold were observed after about 24 hours to have transformed to a structure heavily faulted on planes perpendicular to the c axis. 3 refs., 3 figs.
Date:
December 1, 1987
Creator:
Kirk, M.A.; Baker, M.C.; Liu, J.Z.; Lam, D.J. & Weber, H.W.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The physics of heavy flavors
We review the physics of heavy quark flavors, including weak decays, onium, tau leptons, mixing, the Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix, and CP violation in B decay. 36 refs., 12 figs.
Date:
December 1, 1987
Creator:
Gilman, Frederick J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
CDF (Collider Detector at Fermilab) detector simulation
The Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) uses several different simulation programs, each tuned for specific applications. The programs rely heavily on the extensive test beam data that CDF has accumulated. Sophisticated shower parameterizations are used, yielding enormous gains in speed over full cascade programs. 3 refs., 5 figs.
Date:
December 1, 1987
Creator:
Freeman, J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Particle Cosmology Comes of Age
The application of modern ideas in particle physics to astrophysical and cosmological settings is a continuation of a fruitful tradition in astrophysics which began with the application of atomic physics, and then nuclear physics. In the past decade particle cosmology and particle astrophysics have been recognized as 'legitimate activities' by both particle physicists and astrophysicists and astronomers. During this time there has been a high level of theoretical activity producing much speculation about the earliest history of the Universe, as well as important and interesting astrophysical and cosmological constraints to particle physics theories. This period of intense theoretical activity has produced a number of ideas most worthy of careful consideration and scrutiny, and even more importantly, amenable to experimental/observational test. Among the ideas which are likely to be tested in the next decade are: the cosmological bound to the number of neutrino flavors, inflation, relic WIMPs as the dark matter, and MSW neutrino oscillations as a solution to the solar neutrino problems. 94 refs.
Date:
December 1, 1987
Creator:
Turner, M. S.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Recent measurements of the B hadron lifetime
Recent measurements of the B hadron lifetime from PEP and PETRA experiments are presented. These measurements firmly establish that the B lifetime is long (approx.1 psec), implying that the mixing between the third generation of quarks and the lighter quarks is much weaker that the mixing between the first two generations.
Date:
December 1, 1987
Creator:
Ong, R.A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
300 Area Process Trench Sediment Analysis Report
This report describes the results of a sampling program for the sediments underlying the Process Trenches serving the 300 Area on the Hanford reservation. These Process Trenches were the subject of a Closure Plan submitted to the Washington State Department of Ecology and to the US Environmental Protection Agency in lieu of a Part B permit application on November 8, 1985. The closure plan described a proposed sampling plan for the underlying sediments and potential remedial actions to be determined by the sample analyses results. The results and proposed remedial action plan are presented and discussed in this report. 50 refs., 6 figs., 8 tabs.
Date:
December 1, 1987
Creator:
Zimmerman, M.G. & Kossik, C.D.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Search for tau decays to the eta meson
Using a sample of 530,000 tau leptons collected by the Crystal Ball experiment at the e/sup +/e/sup -/ storage ring DORIS II, we have searched for tau decays to the eta meson. No eta signal is found in the inclusive analysis, tau ..-->.. eta X, of 1-prong decays, leading to the upper limits, BR(tau/sup -/ ..-->.. nu ..pi../sup -/eta) <0.3%, BR(tau/sup -/ ..-->.. ..pi../sup -/..pi../sup 0/eta) <0.9%, BR(tau/sup -/ ..-->.. nu ..pi../sup -/..pi../sup 0/..pi../sup 0/eta) <3.1%, BR(tau/sup -/ ..-->.. nu ..pi../sup -/eta eta) <2.5% (95% CL). The decays, tau/sup -/ ..-->.. nu ..pi../sup -/eta and tau/sup -/ ..-->.. nu ..pi../sup -/..pi../sup 0/eta, are also not found in the exclusive analyses, while BR(tau/sup -/ ..-->.. nu ..pi../sup -/..pi../sup 0/) = (22.7 +- 0.9 +- 3.0)% and BR(tau/sup -/ ..-->.. nu ..pi../sup -/..pi../sup 0/..pi../sup 0/) = (7.0 +- 0.7 +- 1.4)% are measured in accord with the expectations. The hadronic final state, ..pi../sup -/..pi../sup 0/..pi../sup 0/, is reconstructed in tau decays for the first time. The results are preliminary. 21 refs., 10 figs.
Date:
December 1, 1987
Creator:
Skwarnicki, T.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
A fast calorimeter simulation for SSC (Superconducting Super Collider) detector design
We have developed a fast and easily varied simulation of a ''generic'' 4..pi.. calorimeter. The program enables one to study the gross features of detector response for various physics processes. The simulation program is described and some examples of its use are presented. 3 refs., 6 figs.
Date:
December 1, 1987
Creator:
Newman-Holmes, C. & Freeman, J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Heavy quark production in ep collisions at HERA. [None]
There are substantial production rates of heavy quarks from ep collisions at HERA. The center of mass energy of about 300 GeV is well above any b-quark threshold effects, and for b/bar b/ production, the cross section is estimated to be 3.3 nb per event, leading to rates approaching 10/sup 6/ b mesons per year. The rates for c/bar c/ production are about two orders of magnitude greater. Two major detectors are under construction and a program of heavy quark physics will start in 1990. 3 refs., 4 figs.
Date:
December 22, 1987
Creator:
Derrick, M.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Proceedings of the Workshop on Model-Based Accelerator Controls: 1987
With increasingly stringent requirements on the performance of accelerators and storage rings, there is a wide interest in modeling-based control. The organizers recognized the need to have an overview and discussion on the current status of modeling-based accelerator control and how advances in computer technology, software engineering, and expert systems can impact control and diagnosis. As a result, a workshop was organized at the Brookhaven National Laboratory on August 17-18, 1987. It was made possible by the joint support of the AGS, NSLS and Applied Mathematics Departments of BNL. The talks and discussions were divided into three main topics: elements of modeling, knowledge representation, and integration of modeling-based control systems with AI and workstations. This volume is the unedited collection of papers, presented at the Workshop. Separate abstracts were prepared for 10 papers in these proceedings.
Date:
December 1987
Creator:
Sidhu, Satinder S.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Heavy ion fusion accelerator research (HIFAR) year-end report, April 1, 1987-September 30, 1987
The basic objective of the Heavy Ion Fusion Accelerator Research (HIFAR) program is to access the suitabilty of heavy ion accelerators as iginiters for Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF). A specific accerelator techonolgy, the induction linac, has been studied at the Lawerence Berkeley Laboratory and has reached the point at which its viability for ICF applications can be assessed over the next few years. The HIFAR program addresses the generation of high-power, high-brightness beams of heavy ions, the understanding of the scaling laws in this novel physics regime, and the vadidation of new accelerator strategies, to cut costs. The papers in this report that address these goals are: MBE-4 mechanical progress, alignment of MBE-4, a compact energy analyzer for MBE-4, Cs/sup +/ injector modeling with the EGUN code, an improved emittance scanning system for HIFAR, 2-MV injector, carbon arc source development, beam combining in ILSE, emittance growth due to transverse beam combining in ILSE - particle simulation results, achromatic beam combiner for ILSE, additional elements for beam merging, quadrupole magnet design for ILSE, and waveforms and longitudinal beam-parameters for ILSE.
Date:
December 1, 1987
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Water geochemistry and hydrogeology of the shallow aquifer at Roosevelt Hot Springs, southern Utah: A hot dry rock prospect
On the western edge of the geothermal field, three deep holes have been drilled that are very hot but mostly dry. Two of them (Phillips 9-1 and Acord 1-26 wells) have been studied by Los Alamos National Laboratory for the Hot Dry Rock (HDR) resources evaluation program. A review of data and recommendations have been formulated to evaluate the HDR geothermal potential at Roosevelt. The present report is directed toward the study of the shallow aquifer of the Milford Valley to determine if the local groundwater would be suitable for use as make-up water in an HDR system. This investigation is the result of a cooperative agreement between Los Alamos and Phillips Petroleum Co., formerly the main operator of the Roosevelt Hot Springs Unit. The presence of these hot dry wells and the similar setting of the Roosevelt area to the prototype HDR site at Fenton Hill, New Mexico, make Roosevelt a very good candidate site for creation of another HDR geothermal system. This investigation has two main objectives: to assess the water geochemistry of the valley aquifer, to determine possible problems in future make-up water use, such as scaling or corrosion in the wells and surface piping, and to …
Date:
December 1, 1987
Creator:
Vuataz, F. D. & Goff, F.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library