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Highlights of the heavy ion fusion symposium
The current status and prospects for inertial confinement fusion based on the use of intense beams of heavy ions will be described in the light of results presented at the International Symposium on Heavy Ion Fusion, (Washington, DC, May 27-29, 1986).
Date:
July 1, 1986
Creator:
Keefe, D.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Oxide cathode lifetime improvements at RTNS-II
Results are reported for an ongoing effort to optimize D/sup +/ beam production by the MATS-III ion source used at the RTNS-II. The oxide cathode assembly originally designed for lower power operation has been modified and redesigned for higher electron current yield, longer life and serviceability. A factor of 2.5 has been gained in cathode lifetime due to these changes. The details of the changes and results and benefits in operation and performance are given. In addition, the technique used for manufacture of the filament is described.
Date:
September 29, 1986
Creator:
Massoletti, D.J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Spent Fuel Disassembly Hardware and Other Non-Fuel Bearing Components: Characterization, Disposal Cost Estimates, and Proposed Repository Acceptance Requirements
There are two categories of waste considered in this report. The first is the spent fuel disassembly (SFD) hardware. This consists of the hardware remaining after the fuel pins have been removed from the fuel assembly. This includes end fittings, spacer grids, water rods (BWR) or guide tubes (PWR) as appropriate, and assorted springs, fasteners, etc. The second category is other non-fuel-bearing (NFB) components the DOE has agreed to accept for disposal, such as control rods, fuel channels, etc., under Appendix E of the standard utiltiy contract (10 CFR 961). It is estimated that there will be approximately 150 kg of SFD and NFB waste per average metric ton of uranium (MTU) of spent uranium. PWR fuel accounts for approximately two-thirds of the average spent-fuel mass but only 50 kg of the SFD and NFB waste, with most of that being spent fuel disassembly hardware. BWR fuel accounts for one-third of the average spent-fuel mass and the remaining 100 kg of the waste. The relatively large contribution of waste hardware in BWR fuel, will be non-fuel-bearing components, primarily consisting of the fuel channels. Chapters are devoted to a description of spent fuel disassembly hardware and non-fuel assembly components, characterization of …
Date:
October 1, 1986
Creator:
Luksic, A. T.; McKee, R. W.; Daling, P. M.; Konzek, G. J.; Ludwick, J. D. & Purcell, W. L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Determination of optimum electrolyte composition for molten carbonate fuel cells
The objective of this study is to determine the optimum electrolyte composition for molten carbonate fuel cells. To accomplish this, the contractor will provide: (1) Comprehensive reports of on-going efforts to optimize carbonate composition. (2) A list of characteristics affected by electrolyte composition variations (e.g. ionic conductivity, vapor pressure, melting range, gas solubility, exchange current densities on NiO, corrosion and cathode dissolution effects). (3) Assessment of the overall effects that these characteristics have on state-of-the-art cell voltage and lifetime.
Date:
January 1, 1986
Creator:
Pigeaud, A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Quantum mechanical theory of positron production in heavy ion collisions with nuclear contact
The interplay between atomic and nuclear interactions in heavy ion collisions with nuclear contact is studied. The general theoretical description is outlined and analyzed in a number of different limits (semiclassical approximation, DWBA, fully quantal description). The two most important physical mechanisms for generating atomic-nuclear interference, i.e., energy conservation and the introduction of additional phase shifts by nuclear reactions, are extracted. The resulting typical coupling matrix elements are analyzed for their relative importance in atomic and nuclear excitations. The description of nuclear influence on atomic excitations in terms of a classical time delay caused by nuclear reactions is reviewed, and its relationship to the underlying quantal character of the nuclear reaction is discussed. The theory is applied to spontaneous positron emission in supercritical heavy-ion collisions (Z/sub tot/ greater than or equal to 173). It is shown that nuclear contact can lead to line structures in the positron energy spectra if the probability distribution for nuclear delay times caused by the contact has contributions for T greater than or equal to 10/sup -19/ sec. We explicitly evaluate a model where a pocket in the internuclear potential near the touching configuration leads to formation of nuclear molecules, and predict a resonance-like excitation …
Date:
January 1, 1986
Creator:
Heinz, U.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Waste management system alternatives for treatment of wastes from spent fuel reprocessing
This study was performed to help identify a preferred TRU waste treatment alternative for reprocessing wastes with respect to waste form performance in a geologic repository, near-term waste management system risks, and minimum waste management system costs. The results were intended for use in developing TRU waste acceptance requirements that may be needed to meet regulatory requirements for disposal of TRU wastes in a geologic repository. The waste management system components included in this analysis are waste treatment and packaging, transportation, and disposal. The major features of the TRU waste treatment alternatives examined here include: (1) packaging (as-produced) without treatment (PWOT); (2) compaction of hulls and other compactable wastes; (3) incineration of combustibles with cementation of the ash plus compaction of hulls and filters; (4) melting of hulls and failed equipment plus incineration of combustibles with vitrification of the ash along with the HLW; (5a) decontamination of hulls and failed equipment to produce LLW plus incineration and incorporation of ash and other inert wastes into HLW glass; and (5b) variation of this fifth treatment alternative in which the incineration ash is incorporated into a separate TRU waste glass. The six alternative processing system concepts provide progressively increasing levels of TRU …
Date:
September 1, 1986
Creator:
McKee, R. W.; Swanson, J. L.; Daling, P. M.; Clark, L. L.; Craig, R. A.; Nesbitt, J. F. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Nuclear de-excitation processes following medium energy heavy ion collisions
As heavy ion reaction studies have progressed from beam energies below 10 MeV/nucleon to higher energies, many non-equilibrium reaction phenomena have been observed. Among these are nucleon emission with velocities in excess of the beam velocity, incomplete momentum transfer to evaporation residue and fission-like fragments, ..gamma..-rays with energies in excess of 100 MeV, and ..pi../sup 0/ production when beam energies are below the threshold for production by the nucleon-nucleon collision mechanism. Additionally, prefission neutrons have been observed in excess of numbers expected from equilibrium models. A few of the approaches which have been applied to these phenomena are as follows: Intranuclear cascade: two body collisions are assumed to mediate the equilibration. The geometry and momentum space is followed semiclassically. The approach has many successes though it may suffer in a few applications is not following holes; TDHF considers one body processes only; in the energy regime of interest, two body processes are important so that this may not be a viable approach; Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck or Vlasov-Uehling-Uhlenbeck (BUU/VUU) equations combine both one body and two body dynamics. The spatial and momentum evolution of the reactions are followed in a mean field. These should be the Cadillacs of the models. They are computationally …
Date:
September 1, 1986
Creator:
Blann, M.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Status of the positive-ion injector for ATLAS
The planned positive-ion injector for ATLAS consists of an ECR ion source on a 350-kV platfrom and a superconducting injector linac of a new kind. The objective is to replace the present tandem injector with a system that can increase beam intensities by two orders of magnitude and extend the mass range up to uranium. In the first, developmental stage of the work, now in progress, the ECR source will be built, the technology of superconducting accelerating structures for low-velocity ions will be developed, and these structures will be used to form a 3-MV prototype injector linac. Even this small system, designed for ions with A < 130, will be superior to the present FN tandem as a heavy-ion injector. In later phases of the work, the injector linac will be enlarged enough to allow ATLAS to effectively accelerate uranium ions. The injector system is expected to provide exceptional beam quality. The status of the work, expected performance of the accelerator system, and the technical issues involved are summarized.
Date:
January 1, 1986
Creator:
Bollinger, L.M.; Pardo, R.C. & Shepard, K.W.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Cycle 7 outage experience. [Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF)]
The scheduled 58-day refueling outage in preparation for the seventh operating cycle of the Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF) was successfully completed three days ahead of schedule. The planning and execution of the outage was greatly aided by Project/2 automated scheduling capabilities. For example, the use of ''maintenance windows'' and resource loading capabilities was particularly effective. The value of the planning process was demonstrated by the smooth transition into the outage phase after an early shutdown and set the stage for our best outage to date.
Date:
March 1, 1986
Creator:
Gadeken, A.D.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Identification and evaluation of data sources for the commercial buildings retrofit market
The objectives of this study are to identify data sources that provide information on current and future levels of commercial buildings retrofit activity in the US, and to evaluate the coverage these data sources provide the commercial retrofit industry. Data sources evaluated include reports, magazines, computerized data bases, and surveys. Relevant data sources were identified through a literature review and by telephone and mail contacts with building industry experts and trade associations. A brief summary of each of the data sources is provided and recommendations are made for gathering additional data to supplement the existing data source.
Date:
October 1, 1986
Creator:
Smith, S. A. & Johnson, D. R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Correlation technique for single- and two-phase pump data
This paper presents a correlation method for single- and two-phase pump data.
Date:
January 1, 1986
Creator:
Bozoian, M.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Delayed neutron spectra from short pulse fission of uranium-235
Delayed neutron spectra from individual short pulse (approx.50 ..mu..s) fission of small /sup 235/U samples (50 mg) were measured using a small (5 cm OD x 5 cm length) NE 213 neutron spectrometer. The irradiating fast neutron flux (approx.10/sup 13/ neutrons/cm/sup 2/) for these measurements was provided by the Godiva fast burst reactor at the Los Alamos Critical Experiment Facility (LACEF). A high speed pneumatic transfer system was used to transfer the 50 mg /sup 235/U samples from the irradiation position near the Godiva assembly to a remote shielded counting room containing the NE 213 spectrometer and associated electronics. Data were acquired in sixty-four 0.5 s time bins and over an energy range 1 to 7 MeV. Comparisons between these measurements and a detailed model calculation performed at Los Alamos is presented.
Date:
January 1, 1986
Creator:
Atwater, H.F.; Goulding, C.A.; Moss, C.E.; Pederson, R.A.; Robba, A.A.; Wimett, T.F. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Bevalac operations update. No. 3
Activities are reported in these areas: Bevatron operations (including a list of major experimental runs), user support at the Bevalac, modifications to the local injector, accelerator improvements at the Super HILAC, and general Bevalac upgrading. Modifications are reported for six individual beam lines. (LEW)
Date:
October 1, 1986
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Proposed TRUPACT-2 criteria for gas generation
For the purpose of providing recommended design assumptions for TRUPACT-2, gas generation within the TRU waste containers and the potential effects resulting from the absence of continuous venting of the TRUPACT-2 are considered in this report. The recommended assumptions are based on the best current state of knowledge to conservatively represent the potential gas generation loads for the TRUPACT-2.
Date:
November 1, 1986
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Bacteria transport through porous media. Annual report, December 31, 1984
The following five chapters in this report have been processed separately for inclusion in the Energy Data Base: (1) theoretical model of convective diffusion of motile and non-motile bacteria toward solid surfaces; (2) interfacial electrochemistry of oxide surfaces in oil-bearing sands and sandstones; (3) effects of sodium pyrophosphate additive on the ''huff and puff''/nutrient flooding MEOR process; (4) interaction of Escherichia coli B, B/4, and bacteriophage T4D with Berea sandstone rock in relation to enhanced oil recovery; and (5) transport of bacteria in porous media and its significance in microbial enhanced oil recovery.
Date:
September 1, 1986
Creator:
Yen, T.F.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Two-beam accelerator
The Two-Beam Accelerator (TBA) consists of a long high-gradient accelerator structure (HGS) adjacent to an equal-length Free Electron Laser (FEL). In the FEL, a beam propagates through a long series of undulators. At regular intervals, waveguides couple microwave power out of the FEL into the HGS. To replenish energy given up by the FEL beam to the microwave field, induction accelerator units are placed periodically along the length of the FEL. In this manner it is expected to achieve gradients of more than 250 MV/m and thus have a serious option for a 1 TeV x 1 TeV linear collider. The state of present theoretical understanding of the TBA is presented with particular emphasis upon operation of the ''steady-state'' FEL, phase and amplitude control of the rf wave, and suppression of sideband instabilities. Experimental work has focused upon the development of a suitable HGS and the testing of this structure using the Electron Laser Facility (ELF). Description is given of a first test at ELF with a seven-cell 2..pi../3 mode structure which without preconditioning and with a not-very-good vacuum nevertheless at 35 GHz yielded an average accelerating gradient of 180 MV/m.
Date:
June 1, 1986
Creator:
Sessler, A. M. & Hopkins, D. B.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Pellet fueling development at ORNL
Advanced plasma fueling systems for magnetic confinement devices are being developed at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The general approach is that of producing and accelerating frozen hydrogenic pellets at speeds in the range of 1-2 km/s and higher. Two specific concepts are under development: (1) high-speed pneumatic acceleration; and (2) mechanical (centrifugal) acceleration. Both approaches are being pursued to meet the projected pellet size and delivery rates for major near-term plasma confinement devices, such as the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR), Tore Supra, the Joint European Torus (JET), JT-60, and Doublet III-D (DIII-D), as well as future applications. In addition to these confinement physics related activities, ORNL is pursuing advanced technologies to achieve pellet velocities significantly in excess of the 2-km/s range already attained with pneumatic injectors and has embarked on a development program designed to explore the feasibility of fabricating and accelerating tritium pellets. This paper describes these ongoing activities.
Date:
September 1, 1986
Creator:
Combs, S. K.; Milora, S. L.; Foster, C. A.; Schuresko, D. D.; Foust, C. R.; Simmons, D. W. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Proceedings of the 1986 workshop on advanced time-of-flight neutron powder diffraction
This report contains abstracts of talks and summaries of discussions from a small workshop held to discuss the future of time-of-flight neutron powder diffraction and its implementation at the Los Alamos Neutron Scattering Center. 47 refs., 3 figs.
Date:
September 1, 1986
Creator:
Lawson, A. C. & Smith, K. (comps.)
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Rf power sources for 1990 and beyond
This paper will discuss the types of devices and system architectures that show promise in providing rf power sources for future space requirements. It will extrapolate these solutions to accelerators that are now being planned for construction and commissioning in the 1990s and will suggest technological advantages of using SDI-developed rf systems. Finally, the present state of the various SDI-sponsored high-powered rf-development programs will be reviewed.
Date:
January 1, 1986
Creator:
Reid, D.W.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Field evaluation of ground water sampling devices for volatile organic compounds
Previous studies conducted under laboratory conditions demonstrated that the type of device used to sample ground water contaminated with volatile organic compounds can significantly influence and analytical results. The purpose of this study was to evaluate, under field conditions, both commercial and developmental ground water sampling devices as part of an ongoing ground water contamination investigation and remediation program at the Savannah River Plant (SRP). Ground water samples were collected using six types of sampling devices in monitoring wells of different depths and concentrations of volatile organic contaminants (primarily trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene). The study matrix was designed to statistically compare the reuslts of each sampling device under the test conditions. Quantitative and qualitative evaluation criteria were used to determine the relative performance of each device. Two categories of sampling devices were evaluated in this field study, positive displacement pumps and grab samplers. The positive displacement pumps consisted of a centrifugal (mechanical) pump and a bladder pump. The grab samples tested were a syringe sampler, a dual-check valve bailer, a surface bomb sampler, and a pressurized bailer. Preliminary studies were conducted to establish the analytical and sampling variability associated with each device. All six devices were then used to collect ground …
Date:
January 1, 1986
Creator:
Muska, C. F.; Colven, W. P.; Jones, V. D.; Scogin, J. T.; Looney, B. B. & Price, V. Jr.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
New developments in optical phase conjugation
In this review two major areas of investigation in optical phase conjugation are discussed: stimulated Brillouin scattering and dynamic effects in photorefractive media. 5 refs., 10 figs.
Date:
January 1, 1986
Creator:
Bigio, I. J.; Fisher, R. A.; Gosnell, T. R.; Kurnit, N. A.; Loree, T. R.; Moore, T. R. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Brazing techniques for side-coupled electron accelerator structures
The collaboration between the Los Alamos National Laboratory and the National Bureau of Standards (NBS), started in 1979, has led to the development of an advanced c-w microtron accelerator design. The four 2380-MHz NBS accelerating structures, containing a total of 184 accelerating cavities, have been fabricated and delivered. New fabrication methods, coupled with refinements of hydrogen-furnace brazing techniques described in this paper, allow efficient production of side-coupled structures. Success with the NBS RTM led to Los Alamos efforts on similar 2450-MHz accelerators for the microtron accelerator operated by the Nuclear Physics Department of the University of Illinois. Two accelerators (each with 17 cavities) have been fabricated; in 1986, a 45-cavity accelerator is being fabricated by private industry with some assistance from Los Alamos. Further private industry experience and refinement of the described fabrication techniques may allow future accelerators of this type to be completely fabricated by private industry.
Date:
January 1, 1986
Creator:
Hansborough, L. D.; Clark, W. L.; DePaula, R. A.; Martinez, F. A.; Roybal, P. L.; Wilkerson, L. C. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Update on the tevatron muon shield
In 1984, the dichromatic train was installed for an initial set of tests. Along with these tests of train performance, measurements of muon rates at various depths in the berm were taken in order to check Monte Carlo predictions. Data were taken at a range of train momentum settings, and from a bare target. The results of those studies are presented here and compared to predictions. In 1985, the quadrupole triplet train was installed for a wide band neutrino run. During this run, 5.5 m of 1.8 m diameter lead was installed at the request of the experimenters to harden the shield. Data obtained during this triplet run under a variety of conditions are also presented, and compared to Monte Carlo predictions. Finally, these results are used to determine how much additional shielding is needed for higher energy operation.
Date:
September 15, 1986
Creator:
Malensek, A. & Stutte, L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Change in the particle action due to magnetic field perturbations in the SSC
The motion of a particle in the linear lattice of the SSC is stable, that is, the Courant-Synder invariant (W/sub 0/) remains exactly constant and the betatron phase (psi) increase by (2..pi nu..) for every revolution around the circumference. However, when magnetic field perturbations are present around the ring, this mode of describing the motion is no longer valid. One can then still speak of action-angle variables (W,phi) which in the limit of zero perturbation reduce to the linear betatron invariant and the betatron phase. The change in phase (phi-psi) is then directly related to the perturbed betatron tune, while the change in action (W-W/sub 0/) is closely related to the idea of ''smear'' or ''change in the linear invariant.'' In this paper, consistent with these concepts, we develop the theory of particle motion for field perturbations around the machine. We confine ourselves to motion in one plane only and treat the field perturbations to first order in their strength. Based on the assumed random multipoles in the SSC dipole magnets, we then obtain an estimate of the ''linear aperture'' of the machine.
Date:
June 1, 1986
Creator:
Herrera, J.C.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library