An algorithm has been developed that calculates and obtains information about nonlinear contributions in accelerators. The comparison of the results obtained from this program ''NONLIN'' and HARMON is discussed and illustrated for the SSC-CDR clustered lattices.

Dileptons are shown to be of interest in helping probe extreme conditions of temperature and density in nuclear matter. The current state of experimental knowledge about dileptons is briefly described, and their use in upcoming experiments with light ions at CERN SPS are reviewed, including possible signatures of quark matter formation. Use of dileptons in an upcoming experiment with a new spectrometer at Berkeley is also discussed. This experiment will probe the nuclear matter equation of state at high temperature and density. 16 refs., 8 figs. (LEW)

In 1979-1980 two large earthquakes of local magnitude (M/sub L/) greater than 6.0 occurred near the Cerro Prieto geothermal field. It has been suggested that related to these seismic events there was an abrupt temperature increase in the wells completed in the shallow (alpha) reservoir. A careful study of the geochemistry of the produced fluids, as well as a cursory reservoir engineering analysis, cannot confirm either the data or the hypothesis of a massive influx of hot water into the system related to those events. Our study shows that the cold water recharge of the alpha reservoir in response to the production-induced drawdown continued, unaffected by the two earthquakes.

Numerical studies are performed to investigate the effects of localized feed zones on the pressure transients in two-phase reservoirs. It is shown that gravity effects can significantly affect the pressure transients, because of the large difference in the density of liquid water and vapor. Pressure transients for shallow and deep feed zones and the resulting fluid flow patterns are discussed.

A Bonneville Power Administration-funded study monitored ventilation rates and a variety of indoor air pollutants in 38 Pacific Northwest commercial buildings. The buildings ranged in age from 6 months to 90 years, in size from 864 to 34,280 m/sup 2/, and occupancy from 25 to 2500 people. Building average formaldehyde (HCHO) concentrations were below the 20 ppB detection limit in 48% of the buildings. Nitrogen dioxide (NO/sub 2/) concentration averages ranged from 5 ppB to 43 ppB and were lower than outdoor concentrations in 8 of 13 buildings. At only one site, an elementary school classroom, did carbon dioxide (CO/sub 2/) exceed 1000 ppM. Radon (Rn) levels were elevated in one building with an average concentration of 7.4 pCiL/sup -1/. Respirable particles (RSP) concentrations in smoking areas in 32 buildings had a geometric mean of 44 ..mu..g m/sup -3/ and ranged up to 308 ..mu..g m/sup -3/ at one site. In non-smoking areas the geometric mean RSP was 15 ..mu..g m/sup -3/. Outside air ventilation rates did not appear to be the single dominant parameter in determining indoor pollutant concentrations. Measured pollutant concentrations in 2 ''complaint'' buildings were below accepted guidelines. The cause of the complaints was not identified.

Once the gross features of a frontline fluid system have been defined, one must consider what support system configuration will provide the best overall system performance. This paper considers different dc bus configurations for a given emergency feedwater system. Results indicate that a four-train support system (i.e., 4 dc buses) gives a lower system unavailability for transients, but a higher system unavailability for Anticipated Transients Without Scram (ATWS), than a two-train support system (i.e., two dc buses). This serves to illustrate that more trains do not necessarily provide higher reliability, and that a configuration choice which is better for one mission success criterion may be worse for another. Because of the small characteristic unreliability of dc buses, the numerical comparisons made here are not dramatic, but the underlying topological point is nevertheless broadly applicable. The EFWS selected in this study consists of two turbine-driven pumps, and two motor-driven pumps, with associated piping, instruments, and valves. There are two divisions of EFWS, each division including one turbine-driven pump train, and one motor-driven pump train with a crosstie that can provide an alternate flow path in case one train is not available. Each of the motor-driven pumps has one ac power bus …

The Two-Beam Accelerator (TBA) consists of a long high-gradient accelerator structure (HGS) adjacent to an equal-length Free Electron Laser (FEL). In the FEL, a beam propagates through a long series of undulators. At regular intervals, waveguides couple microwave power out of the FEL into the HGS. To replenish energy given up by the FEL beam to the microwave field, induction accelerator units are placed periodically along the length of the FEL. In this manner it is expected to achieve gradients of more than 250 MV/m and thus have a serious option for a 1 TeV x 1 TeV linear collider. The state of present theoretical understanding of the TBA is presented with particular emphasis upon operation of the ''steady-state'' FEL, phase and amplitude control of the rf wave, and suppression of sideband instabilities. Experimental work has focused upon the development of a suitable HGS and the testing of this structure using the Electron Laser Facility (ELF). Description is given of a first test at ELF with a seven-cell 2..pi../3 mode structure which without preconditioning and with a not-very-good vacuum nevertheless at 35 GHz yielded an average accelerating gradient of 180 MV/m.

The motion of a particle in the linear lattice of the SSC is stable, that is, the Courant-Synder invariant (W/sub 0/) remains exactly constant and the betatron phase (psi) increase by (2..pi nu..) for every revolution around the circumference. However, when magnetic field perturbations are present around the ring, this mode of describing the motion is no longer valid. One can then still speak of action-angle variables (W,phi) which in the limit of zero perturbation reduce to the linear betatron invariant and the betatron phase. The change in phase (phi-psi) is then directly related to the perturbed betatron tune, while the change in action (W-W/sub 0/) is closely related to the idea of ''smear'' or ''change in the linear invariant.'' In this paper, consistent with these concepts, we develop the theory of particle motion for field perturbations around the machine. We confine ourselves to motion in one plane only and treat the field perturbations to first order in their strength. Based on the assumed random multipoles in the SSC dipole magnets, we then obtain an estimate of the ''linear aperture'' of the machine.

The physics of electron motion in storage rings is described by supplementing the Hamiltonian equations of motion with fluctuating radiation reaction forces to describe the effects of synchrotron radiation. This leads to a description of radiation damping and quantum diffusion in single-particle phase-space by means of Fokker-Planck equations. For practical purposes, most storage rings remain in the regime of linear damping and diffusion; this is discussed in some detail with examples, concentrating on longitudinal phase space. However special devices such as nonlinear wigglers may permit the new generation of very large rings to go beyond this into regimes of nonlinear damping. It is shown how a special combined-function wiggler can be used to modify the energy distribution and current profile of electron bunches.

A number of exclusive and inclusive antiproton reactions are discussed which could provide useful constraints or test novel features of quantum chromodynamics in the intermediate momentum transfer domain involving both perturbative and non-perturbative dynamics. High momentum transfer reactions are briefly reviewed. Inclusive antiproton reactions and the QCD critical length, QCD predictions for proton-antiproton exclusive processes, and studies of the Compton amplitude in proton-antiproton annihilation are covered. Testing hadron helicity conservation in heavy quark resonance is discussed. Also covered are heavy hadron pair production in proton-antiproton exclusive interactions, exclusive nuclear reactions, and quasi-exclusive nuclear processes. (LEW)

Void nucleation in irradiated austenitic stainless steels generally requires the presence of either residual or transmutant gases. Classical nucleation rates are much too low to account for the number of voids observed at temperatures greater than about 450/sup 0/C. An alternate path is generally believed to be responsible for void formation; viz. the growth of gas-stabilized bubbles until they reach a critical size beyond which further gas accumulation is not required to promote growth. Two limiting paths can be envisioned for void nucleation on a population of sub-critical helium/vacancy clusters; one is limited to growth by helium accumulation along and the other to growth by stochastic fluctuations in the vacancy accumulation. As bubbles approach the critical size, stochastic processes could begin to contribute to the void nucleation rate. A comparison is made of nucleation rates along these two limiting paths as a function of the gas content of the clusters.

We construct the particulate states of quantum physics using a recursive computer program that incorporates non-determinism by means of locally arbitrary choices. Quantum numbers and coupling constants arise from the construction via the unique 4-level combinatorial hierarchy. The construction defines indivisible quantum events with the requisite supraluminal correlations, yet does not allow supraluminal communication. Measurement criteria incorporate c, h-bar and m/sub p/ or (not ''and'') G, connected to laboratory events via finite particle number scattering theory and the counter paradigm. The resulting theory is discrete throughout, contains no infinities, and, as far as we have developed it, is in agreement with quantum mechanical and cosmological fact.

Image distortions produced by a cylinder mirror at the National Synchrotron Light Source are compared with performance predictions based on measurements of surface slope errors in the millimeter spatial period regime made with an optical surface profiler.

Two different types of insertion devices - undulators and wigglers - are described and compared. Each provides a periodic magnetic field that alters polarity, but whereas the spectral distribution from a wiggler is continuous and wide, the radiation of an undulator has spectrally narrow and discrete peaks. The distinction is determined by the deflection parameter. The energy spread in undulator peaks is calculated. Insertion device magnets and gap are discussed. Undulator tunability from gap variation is considered on a 6-GeV lattice and on a 7-GeV lattice. Also discussed is the angular distribution of power and the polarization from various sources. (LEW)

String models of unified interactions are elegant sets of Feynman rules for the scattering of gravitons, gauge bosons, and a host of massive excitations. The purpose of these lectures is to describe the progress towards a nonperturbative formulation of the theory. Such a formulation should make the geometrical meaning of string theory manifest and explain the many ''miracles'' exhibited by the string Feynman rules. There are some new results on gauge invariant observables, on the cosmological constant, and on the symmetries of interacting string field theory. 49 refs.

The maximum transportable current for an ion beam is determined by considerations of focal strength, space charge equilibrium and stability, structural practically and emittance. These factors are described within the context of a heavy ion driver for Inertial Confinement Fusion. Recent supporting results from particle-in-cell simulations and transport experiments will be described.

Experimental constraints on the Kobayashi-MaskawaCabibbo (KMC) matrix are surveyed and shown to provide a test of the standard model at the level of its O (..cap alpha..) radioactive corrections. The three generation prediction BR (K/sup +/ ..-->.. ..pi../sup +/..nu..) approx. = (0.35 approx. 3) x 10/sup 10/ is reviewed and the potential for enhancement up to approx. = 3 x 10/sup -9/ due to the fourth generation mixing is described. 19 refs.

Observational studies have not only identified a new class of novae but theoretical simulations of this class have been found to be in excellent agreement with the observations. This new class consists of outbursts occurring on ONeMg white dwarfs in close binar systems in contrast to the other outbursts which are occurring on CO white dwarfs. We also review the effects of the ..beta../sup +/-unstable nuclei and show how their presence has a major effect on the evolution. 77 refs.

The continuous output of large quantities of gases at low pressure from fusion reactors, principally helium and hydrogen isotopes, dictates the need for a high speed pumping system that operates continuously, efficiently, and automatically. A liquid helium-cooled cryopump operated by a microprocessor controller can meet these requirements. The prototype system described herein features a single cryopump with three distinct pumping units: two units for pumping the vacuum chamber arranged so that one unit is closed for regenerating while the other is pumping the chamber (100% redundancy); and a collector pump, which is a high speed cryopump for receiving the regenerated gas. The unit pumps deuterium but can be changed readily to a sorption pump for helium service.

A computer-based system for collecting, processing, and analyzing pressure transient data has been developed. Primary components include downhole pressure sensors, linedrivers, a micro-computer, data storage disk, scanner, frequency counter, digital voltmeter, power supply, graphics plotter, and printer. In-field data processing and analysis greatly aid in handling the large volume of data that are collected during pressure transients tests, particularly the multiwell interference tests that are so important for characterizing and assessing geothermal reservoirs. In-field data processing provides the field engineer, on a real-time basis, with the information needed to make decisions regarding test parameters and duration. The system has been used on numerous occasions and has proved itself to be reliable under the harsh operating conditions that are usually encountered in the field. This paper describes the advantages of using this type of system for collecting data, the components and configuration of the system, and the software programs used to collect and process the data. Finally, two field applications are presented.

This report incorporates all lectures and presentations at the International Training Course on Implementation of State Systems of Accounting for and Control of Nuclear Materials held June 3 through June 21, 1985, at Santa Fe and Los Alamos, New Mexico, and San Clemente, California. Authorized by the US Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act and sponsored by the US Department of Energy in cooperation with the International Atomic Energy Agency, the Course was developed to provide practical training in the design, implementation, and operation of a state system of nuclear materials accountability and control that satisfies both national and international safeguards requirements. Major emphasis for the 1985 course was placed on safeguards methods used at item-control facilities, particularly nuclear power generating stations and test reactors. An introduction to safeguards methods used at bulk handling facilities, particularly low-enriched uranium conversion and fuel fabrication plants, was also included. The course was conducted by the University of California's Los Alamos National Laboratory and the Southern California Edison Company. Tours and demonstrations were arranged at the Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, and the San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station, San Clemente, California.

A review is presented of data and theoretical interpretations of the nuclear dependence of quark and antiquark distributions as observed in the deep inelastic scattering of neutrinos and charged leptons from nuclei. After a summary of the experimental situation and a survey of the broad spectrum of proposed explanations, I concentrate on the Q/sup 2/-rescaling approach and on interpretations in terms of conventional nuclear physics. The review concludes with a list of desirable future experiments. 31 refs., 4 figs.

The superheated-steam test exposed different ethylene propylene rubber (EPR) cables and insulation specimens to simultaneous aging and a 21-day simultaneous accident environment. In addition, some insulation specimens were exposed to five different aging conditions prior to the 21-day simultaneous accident simulation. The purpose of this superheated-steam test (a follow-on to the saturated-steam tests (NUREG/CR-3538)) was to: (1) examine electrical degradation of different configurations of EPR cables; (2) investigate differences between using superheated-steam or saturated-steam at the start of an accident simulation; (3) determine whether the aging technique used in the saturated-steam test induced artificial degradation; and (4) identify the constituents in EPR that affect moisture absorption.

During the fall of 1984 and spring of 1985, 362,428 chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawtscha) and steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri) juveniles were freeze branded for Water Budget Center - Downstream Smolt Monitoring Studies. Of these, 106,361 fish received a coded wire tag. Release of the freeze brand groups began March 20, 1985 and were completed by June 4, 1985. After brand loss and mortality, there were 133,025 spring chinook, 25,600 summer chinook, 33,850 fall chinook, 65,125 A-run steelhead, and 62,400 B-run steelhead released with brands.