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Particle identification in ultrarelativistic nuclear collisions
The role of particle identification (PID) in both fixed-target and colliding-beam studies of ultrarelativistic nuclear (URN) collisions is examined. The demands placed on the PID systems by peculiarities of URN collisions, such as large multiplicities and the need for simultaneous measurement of a number of observables, are discussed. A variety of PID techniques are reviewed, with emphasis on their applicability and efficiency in the environment of such collisions. Two examples of PID as incorporated into existing fixed-target nuclear-beam experiments are presented. 18 refs., 5 figs.
Date:
April 1, 1986
Creator:
DiGiacomo, N.J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Recent developments in positron emission tomography (PET) instrumentation
This paper presents recent detector developments and perspectives for positron emission tomography (PET) instrumentation used for medical research, as well as the physical processes in positron annihilation, photon scattering and detection, tomograph design considerations, and the potentials for new advances in detectors. 117 refs., 4 figs., 4 tabs.
Date:
April 1, 1986
Creator:
Derenzo, S.E. & Budinger, T.F.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Integral charged particle nuclear date bibliography. Editon 1, Supplement 2
This bibliography is divided into three sections, ''References'', ''Target Index'', and ''Residual Index.'' The ''References'' section contains all references satisfying the following criteria: excitation functions, thick targets, or product yield leading to the formation of a ground or metastable state; the atomic mass and charge of the incident particle must be greater than or equal to 1; the atomic mass of the target must be greater than or equal to 1; and the atomic masses of the outgoing and residual nuclei must be greater than or equal to 1 with the exception of processes which do not lead to a definite residual nucleus and of gamma-ray production cross sections. The ''Target Index'' section contains the incident particle energy and the abbreviated reference lines for all the entries, which contain information on a definite target nucleus and reaction. These reference lines contain the Journal name, followed by the volume and page number. The ''Residual Index'' section also contains the incident particle energy and the abbreviated reference lines for all the entries, which contain information on a definite residual nucleus and a definite target-reaction.
Date:
April 1, 1986
Creator:
Holden, N. E.; Ramavataram, S. & Dunford, C. L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Photon-Photon Physics with the Mark II at PEP
Photon-photon interactions are studied with the Mark II detector at PEP. The inclusive production of charged hadrons at large transverse momenta and the exclusive production of meson pairs at large invarient mass are compared with recent hard scattering calculations. Copious inclusive production of K/sup 0/'s at large transverse momenta provides evidence for charm production. The radiative width of the f'(1520) is measured via its K/sub s//sup 0/ anti K/sub s//sup 0/ decay mode.
Date:
April 1, 1986
Creator:
Gidal, G.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Nucleon exchange in damped nuclear reactions
Starting from the general context of one-body nuclear dynamics, the nucleon-exchange mechanism in damped nuclear reactions is discussed. Some of its characteristic effects on various dinuclear observables are highlighted and a few recent advances are described.
Date:
April 1, 1986
Creator:
Randrup, J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Langmuir probe measurements in the TEXTOR tokamak during ALT-I pump limiter experiments
Langmuir probes have been used to characterize the edge plasma of the TEXTOR tokamak and measure the parameters of the plasma incident on the ALT-I pump limiter during ohmic and ICRH heating. Probes mounted directly on the ALT limiter, and a scanning probe located 90/sup 0/ toroidally from the limiter, provide data for the evaluation of pump limiter performance and its effect on the edge plasma. The edge plasma is characterized by density and flux e-folding lengths of about 1.8cm when ALT is the main limiter. These scrape-off lengths do not vary significantly as ALT is moved between the normal 42-46cm minor radii, but increase to over 2.2cm when ALT is inserted to 40cm. The flux to probes at a fixed position in the limiter shadow varies by less than 25% for core density changes of a factor of five. This suggests that the global particle confinement time tau/sub p/, scales as the core density. Estimates from the probes indicate that tau/sub p/ is on the order of the energy confinement time, tau/sub E/. The edge electron temperature, T/sub e/, typically decreases by a factor of two when the core density is raised from 1 to 4 x 10/sup 13/ …
Date:
April 1, 1986
Creator:
Goebel, D. M.; Campbell, G. A.; Conn, R. W.; Leung, W. K.; Dippel, K. H.; Finken, K. H. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
1985 environmental monitoring report
The environmental monitoring program is designed to determine that BNL facilities operate such that the applicable environmental standards and effluent control requirements have been met. The data were evaluated using the appropriate environmental regulatory criteria. The environmental levels of radioactivity and other pollutants found in the vicinity of BNL during 1985 are summarized in this report. Detailed data are not included in the main body of the report, but are tabulated and presented in Appendix D. The environmental data include external radiation levels; radioactive air particulates; tritium concentrations; the amounts and concentrations of radioactivity in and the water quality of the stream into which liquid effluents are released; the water quality of the potable supply wells; the concentrations of radioactivity in biota from the stream; the concentrations of radioactivity in and the water quality of ground waters underlying the Laboratoy; concentrations of radioactivity in milk samples obtained in the vicinity of the Laboratory; and the 1984 strontium-90 data which was not available for inclusion in the 1984 Environmental Monitoring Report. In 1985, the results of the surveillance program demonstraed that the Laboratory has operated within the applicable environmental standards.
Date:
April 1, 1986
Creator:
Day, L.E.; Miltenberger, R.P. & Naidu, J.R. (eds.)
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Rf breakdown studies in a SLAC disk-loaded structure
Rf breakdown studies in an S-band standing-wave disk-loaded accelerator structure have been completed. An equivalent traveling-wave accelerating gradient as high as 147 MV/m and a peak field in excess of 300 MV/m have been obtained. At these high gradients, considerable amounts of field emission and x-ray radiation are observed. Some of the field-emitted electrons are captured and focused by the rf fields and can be extracted on the axis of the structure. Their current, energy distribution and the x-ray radiation they produce are given. Rf processing as measured by the frequency of breakdown and the reduction in field emitted electron currents inside the structure can be speeded up considerably by the presence of argon. Some conjectures on the causes of breakdown are presented.
Date:
April 1, 1986
Creator:
Wang, J.W.; Nguyen-Tuong, V. & Loew, G.A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Toward a risk assessment of the spent fuel and high-level nuclear waste disposal system. Risk assessment requirements, literature review, methods evaluation: an interim report
This report provides background information for a risk assessment of the disposal system for spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste (HLW). It contains a literature review, a survey of the statutory requirements for risk assessment, and a preliminary evaluation of methods. The literature review outlines the state of knowledge of risk assessment and accident consequence analysis in the nuclear fuel cycle and its applicability to spent fuel and HLW disposal. The survey of statutory requirements determines the extent to which risk assessment may be needed in development of the waste-disposal system. The evaluation of methods reviews and evaluates merits and applicabilities of alternative methods for assessing risks and relates them to the problems of spent fuel and HLW disposal. 99 refs.
Date:
April 1, 1986
Creator:
Hamilton, L.D.; Hill, D.; Rowe, M.D. & Stern, E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Induction linacs as radiation processors
Experiments at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), University of California, in conjunction with the University of California at Davis have shown induction linear accelerators (linacs) to be suitable for radiation processing of food. Here we describe how it might be possible to optimize this technology developded for the Department of Defense to serve in radiation processing. The possible advantages of accelerator-produced radiation over the use of radioisotopes include a tailor-made energy spectrum that can provide much deeper penetration and thereby better dose uniformity.
Date:
April 14, 1986
Creator:
Birx, D.L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Hyperons in neutron stars
Generalized beta equilibrium involving nucleons, hyperons, and isobars is examined for neutron star matter. The hyperons produce a considerable softening of the equation of state. It is shown that the observed masses of neutron stars can be used to settle a recent controversy concerning the nuclear compressibility. Compressibilities less than 200 MeV are incompatible with observed masses. 7 refs., 9 figs.
Date:
April 1, 1986
Creator:
Glendenning, N.K.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Linear induction accelerator parameter options
The principal undertaking of the Beam Research Program over the past decade has been the investigation of propagating intense self-focused beams. Recently, the major activity of the program has shifted toward the investigation of converting high quality electron beams directly to laser radiation. During the early years of the program, accelerator development was directed toward the generation of very high current (>10 kA), high energy beams (>50 MeV). In its new mission, the program has shifted the emphasis toward the production of lower current beams (>3 kA) with high brightness (>10/sup 6/ A/(rad-cm)/sup 2/) at very high average power levels. In efforts to produce these intense beams, the state of the art of linear induction accelerators (LIA) has been advanced to the point of satisfying not only the current requirements but also future national needs.
Date:
April 21, 1986
Creator:
Birx, D.L.; Caporaso, G.J. & Reginato, L.L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Multifragmentation in intermediate energy heavy ion collisions
The GSL/LBL plastic ball/wall detector system was used to gain insight into the fragment production mechanism in Au + Au and Au + Fe reactions. Full azimuthal coverage for light particles (p,d,t,/sup 3/He,/sup 4/He) and intermediate mass fragments (z greater than 10) is achieved in the forward hemisphere in the center of mass system. The complete measurement of light particles allowed a global analysis of the events and a search for collective effects in fragment emission by comparing to flow effects seen in the light particles. The large acceptance for intermediate mass fragments allowed a measurements of their multiplicities event-by-event.
Date:
April 14, 1986
Creator:
Jacak, B. V.; Britt, H. C.; Claesson, G.; Doss, K. G. R.; Ferguson, R.; Gavron, A. I. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
(Performance evaluation of fabric bug filters on a bench-scale coal gasifier)
The objective of this proposed work is to demonstrate the operational and economic feasibility of using high-temperature ceramic filters for particulate control in a variety of coal gasification power generating systems.
Date:
April 15, 1986
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Liquid-metal MHD flow in a duct whose cross section changes from a rectangle to a trapezoid, with applications in fusion blanket designs
This paper treats the liquid-metal MHD flow in a semi-infinite rectangular duct and a semi-infinite trapezoidal duct, which are connected by a finite-length transition duct. There is a strong, transverse, uniform magnetic field. The walls parallel to the magnetic field (sides) remain parallel, while the walls intersecting the magnetic field are twisted in the transition duct to provide the change in cross sectional shape. The left side has a constant height, while the height of the right side increases or decreases in the transition duct. This geometry gives a skewed velocity profile with a high velocity near the left side, provided the right side is relatively thick. All walls are thin and electrically conducting, but the sides are considerably thicker than the other walls. The application is to fusion-reactor blankets in which a high velocity near the first wall (separating the plasma chamber from the coolant) improves the thermal performance. Junctions of different ducts with walls parallel to the magnetic field are treated for the first time. In expansions, contractions and other geometric transition ducts, as well as in straight ducts with axially varying magnetic fields, the fluid flow and electric currents are concentrated in boundary layers adjacent to the …
Date:
April 1, 1986
Creator:
Walker, J.S.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Comparison of standing-wave and traveling-wave structures
The controversy over the relative advantages of standing-wave and traveling-wave linear accelerators is now in its fourth decade. It has been fed by a considerable body of misinformation. The author hopes in this paper to shed some light on the subject, and expose some of the falsehoods. The discussion is directed toward the question of which structure to use for short pulse high field electron accelerators since it is almost universally accepted that standing-wave structures are appropriate for CW and long pulse accelerators. Three arguments against standing-wave accelerators are discussed and shown to be invalid.
Date:
April 1, 1986
Creator:
Miller, R. H.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Migrational Characteristics, Biological Observations, and Relative Survival of Juvenile Salmonids Entering the Columbia River Estuary, 1966-1983, 1985 Final Report of Research.
Natural runs of salmonids in the Columbia River basin have decreased as a result of hydroelectric-dam development, poor land- and forest-management, and over-fishing. This has necessitated increased salmon culture to assure adequate numbers of returning adults. Hatchery procedures and facilities are continually being modified to improve both the efficiency of production and the quality of juveniles produced. Initial efforts to evaluate changes in hatchery procedures were dependent upon adult contributions to the fishery and returns to the hatchery. Procedures were developed for sampling juvenile salmon and steelhead entering the Columbia River estuary and ocean plume. The sampling of hatchery fish at the terminus of their freshwater migration assisted in evaluating hatchery production techniques and identifying migrational or behavioral characteristics that influence survival to and through the estuary. The sampling program attempted to estimate survival of different stocks and define various aspects of migratory behavior in a large river, with flows during the spring freshet from 4 to 17 thousand cubic meters per second (m/sup 3//second).
Date:
April 1, 1986
Creator:
Dawley, Earl M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Liquid-metal flow through a thin-walled elbow in a plane perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field
This paper presents analytical solutions for the liquid-metal flow through two straight pipes connected by a smooth elbow with the same inside radius. The pipes and the elbow lie in a plane which is perpendicular to a uniform, applied magnetic field. The strength of the magnetic field is assumed to be sufficiently strong that inertial and viscous effects are negligible. This assumption is appropriate for the liquid-lithium flow in the blanket of a magnetic confinement fusion reactor, such as a tokamak. The pipes and the elbow have thin metal walls.
Date:
April 1, 1986
Creator:
Walker, J.S.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Chemical Technology Division Annual Technical Report 1985
Highlights of the Chemical Technology (CMT) Division's activities during 1985 are presented. In this period, CMT conducted research and development in areas that include advanced batteries--mainly lithium-alloy/metal sulfide and sodium/sulfur, advanced fuel cells with molten carbonate or solid oxide electrolytes, corrosion-protective coatings for high-strength steel, coal utilization, including the heat and seed recovery technology for coal-fired magnetohydrodynamics plants and the technology for fluidized-bed combustion, methodologies for recovery of energy from municipal waste nuclear technology related to waste management, the recovery processes for discharged fuel and the uranium blanket in a sodium-cooled fast reactor, and proof of breeding in a light water breeder reactor, and physical chemistry of selected materials in environments simulating those of fission and fusion energy systems.
Date:
April 1986
Creator:
Steindler, M. J.; Nelson, P. A.; Ackerman, J. P. & Johnson, C. E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Instability Characteristics of Fluidelastic Instability of Tube Rows in Crossflow
An experimental study is reported to investigate the jump phenomenon in critical flow velocities for tube rows with different pitch-to-diameter ratios and the excited and intrinsic instabilities for a tube row with a pitch-to-diameter ratio of 1.75. The experimental data provide additional insights into the instability phenomena of tube arrays in crossflow.
Date:
April 1986
Creator:
Chen, Shoei-Sheng & Jendrzejczyk, J. A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Site Surveillance and Maintenance Program for Palos Park : Report for 1985
Results of environmental monitoring program conducted at Palos Park.
Date:
April 1986
Creator:
Golchert, N. W. & Sedlet, J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
[Photograph 2012.201.B0071.0670]
Photograph used for a story in the Daily Oklahoman newspaper. Caption: "89er Dave Owen steals second base ahead of the tag by Royal second baseman Mike Miller."
Date:
April 10, 1986
Creator:
Hoke, Doug
Object Type:
Photograph
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
[Photograph 2012.201.B0070.0406]
Photograph used for a story in the Daily Oklahoman newspaper. Caption: "OU's John Toal collides with Husker Larry Mims at second as he scurries for a loose ball."
Date:
April 18, 1986
Creator:
Hoke, Doug
Object Type:
Photograph
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
[Photograph 2012.201.B0092.0157]
Photograph used for a story in the Daily Oklahoman newspaper. Caption: "Ieshia Black was named Miss Black Oklahoma City during the 17th annual pageant Saturday night."
Date:
April 12, 1986
Creator:
McDaniel, David
Object Type:
Photograph
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History