We consider finite temperature effects upon theories with extra dimensions compactified via vacuum stress energy (Casimir) effects. For sufficiently high temperature, a static configuration for the internal space is impossible. At somewhat lower temperatures, there is an instability due to thermal fluctuations of radius of the compact dimensions. For both cases, the Universe can evolve to a de Sitter-like expansion of all dimensions. Stability to late times constrains the initial entropy of the universe. 28 refs., 1 fig., 2 tabs.

We show that compactifications of theories with extra dimensions are unstable if due to monopole configurations of an antisymmetric tensor field balanced against one-loop Casimir corrections. In the case of ten dimensional supergravity, it is possible, at least for a portion of the phase space, to achieve a stable compactification without fine-tuning by including the contribution of fermionic condensates to the monopole configurations. 23 refs., 2 figs.

A two-cell prototype of the SLD Central Drift Chamber has been tested using CO/sub 2/-isobutane (92%-8%) at one atmosphere. Average single wire resolution of 55 ..mu..m was achieved. Charge division tests indicate a resolution for the final design of less than or equal to 0.5% of wire length. dE/dx separation of ..pi../e should be useful up to at least 7 GeV/c. 100 MHz waveform digitizers were used in parallel with conventional timing and integration techniques. The results show equivalent performance for single tracks and a two pulse resolution better than 1 mm. 7 refs., 7 figs., 1 tab.

This is an elementary introduction to the classical and quantum mechanics of a single bosonic string, and to some aspects of its supersymmetric and heterotic extensions. 22 refs.

This document contains human engineering guidelines which can enhance the maintainability of nuclear power plants. The guidelines have been derived from general human engineering design principles, criteria, and data. The guidelines may be applied to existing plants as well as to plants under construction. They apply to nuclear power plant systems, equipment and facilities, as well as to maintenance tools and equipment. The guidelines are grouped into seven categories: accessibility and workspace, physical environment, loads and forces, maintenance facilities, maintenance tools and equipment, operating equipment design, and information needs. Each chapter of the document details specific maintainability problems encountered at nuclear power plants, the safety impact of these problems, and the specific maintainability design guidelines whose application can serve to avoid these problems in new or existing plants.

This annual report, the seventh in a series, provides a brief description of fuel performance during 1984 in commercial nuclear power plants. Brief summaries of fuel design changes, fuel surveillance programs, fuel operating experience, fuel problems, high-burnup fuel experience, and items of general significance are provided. References to additional, more detailed information and related NRC evaluations are included. 279 refs., 11 figs., 29 tabs.

The theory of a microwave undulator utilizing a plane rectangular waveguide operating in the TE/sub 10n/ mode and other higher order modes is presented. Based on this, a possible undulator configuration is analyzed, leading to the conclusion that the microwave undulator represents a viable option for undulator wavelength down to about 1 cm where peak voltage and available microwave power considerations limit effectiveness. 4 refs., 4 figs. (LEW)

The Nevada Nuclear Waste Storage Investigations (NNWSI) Project is investigating the volcanic tuff beds of Yucca Mountain, Nevada, as a potential location for a high-level radioactive waste repository. As part of the waste package development portion of this project, experiments are being performed by the Chemical Technology Division of Argonne National Laboratory to study the behavior of the waste forms under anticipated repository conditions. These experiments include (1) the development and performance of a test to measure waste form behavior in unsaturated conditions and (2) the performance of tests designed to study the behavior of waste package components in an irradiated environment. Previous reports document developments in these areas through 1984. This report summarizes progress in 1985. Reports will be issued semi-annually hereafter.

Carbon supported Pt-Co (3:1 atom ratio) catalysts were prepared in both acid and alkaline aqueous media, followed by heat treatments to promote alloy formation. Both preparations began with a commercial 10% Pt on carbon catalyst with Pt particle sizes of 15 to 30 A. Significantly greater alloying was observed in the acid media prepared catalyst. X-ray diffraction studies of the acid prepared catalyst demonstrated lattice parameters tending away from Pt (3.937 A) and toward that for Pt/sub 3/Co (3.831 A), greatly increased particle sizes, and significant ordering evidenced by the presence of superlattice reflections. In all cases, the base media prepared catalysts were alloyed to a lesser extent, were of moderately increased particle size and gave no indication of alloy ordering. Activity testing under phosphoric acid fuel cell conditions demonstrated that the most highly alloyed catalysts had the greatest activity. Loss of cobalt in the phosphoric acid environment was the lowest in catalysts which were the most alloyed.

Photograph used for a story in the Daily Oklahoman newspaper. Caption: "From left, Lisa Reynolds, Sharon Breeden, Linda Lane and Ann Dixon enjoy the jukebox."

Photograph used for a story in the Daily Oklahoman newspaper. Caption: "Sid Sanders, left, Denise Caram and Dan Caram get a Cke from an old machine."

I discuss events in high energy hadron collisions that contain a hard scattering, in the sense that very heavy quarks or high P/sub T/ jets are produced, yet are diffractive, in the sense that one of the incident hadrons is scattered with only a small energy loss. 8 refs.

Silicon detectors having both ''pad'' and strip position sensitive configurations have been fabricated for the HELIOS experiment which requires an elaborate pulse height-dependent trigger as well as one dimensional silicon strip position sensing. The trigger detector is a 400 element, 30 mm diameter detector with readout connections from a ceramic overlay board. Tests with full prototype detectors have shown essentially 100% detection efficiency and excellent pulse height resolution well capable of delineating 0, 1 or 2 hits per pad. Strip detectors with 25 ..mu..m pitch and a varying readout pitch have been tested, which utilize both capacitive and resistive charge division. Techniques for realization of required interstrip resistors will be discussed and results which may compare these readout methods will be reported. 11 refs., 13 figs.

A brief description of the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) is given including the detector components and the data acquisition system. The first test run, the first events, and the performance of the detector are discussed. Finally the prospects for future running are reviewed.

Washington State's geothermal potential is wide spread. Hot springs and five strato volcanoes existing throughout the Cascade Range, limited hot spring activity on the Olympic Peninsula, and broad reaching, low temperature geothermal resources found in the Columbia Basin comprise the extent of Washington's known geothermal resources. Determination of resource ownership is the first step in proceeding with geothermal exploration and development activities. The federal and state processes are examined from pre-lease activity through leasing and post-lease development concerns. Plans, permits, licenses, and other requirements are addressed for the federal, state, and local level. Lease, permit, and other forms for a number of geothermal exploration and development activities are included. A map of public lands and another displaying the measured geothermal resources throughout the state are provided.

The numerical techniques used to simulate the propagation of low-frequency electromagnetic disturbances in Ohmic media and in collisional and collisionless plasmas are discussed. The scheme is based upon a multimedia propagation equation that is derived from Maxwell's equations. 10 refs., 5 figs.

This study estimated the value of solar thermal-generated industrial process heat (IPH) as a function of process heat temperature. The value of solar thermal energy is equal to the cost of producing energy from conventional fuels and equipment if the energy produced from either source provides an equal level of service. This requirement put the focus of this study on defining and characterizing conventional process heat equipment and fuels. Costs (values) were estimated for 17 different design points representing different combinations of conventional technologies, temperatures, and fuels. Costs were first estimated for median or representative conditions at each design point. The cost impact of capacity factor, efficiency, fuel escalation rate, and regional fuel price differences were then evaluated by varying each of these factors within credible ranges.

At Hanford, fission product cesium, containing 20 to 40% /sup 137/Cs, has been recovered from the high-level waste (HLW) and converted to cesium chloride (CsCl). Recovery of the Cs, as a nitrate, from the HLW and its subsequent purification, takes place in B-Plant. Conversion of the purified product to CsCl, encapsulation of the CsCl, and water storage of the CsCl capsules takes place in the Waste Encapsulation and Storage Facility (WESF). The CsCl is doubly encapsulated in high-integrity 316L stainless steel (SS) capsules. The CsCl is loaded into the inner 316L SS capsules by melt casting. Each inner capsule, which has an ID of 2 in. (50.8 mm) and an inner length of approx.19 in. (483 mm), contains up to 3 kg of CsCl. The capsules contain up to approx.70,000 Ci of /sup 137/Cs, depending on the fission product Cs and the purity of the CsCl. To evaluate the potential hazards associated with the geologic disposal of the WESF CsCl capsules, reliable estimates of long-term attack of the capsule material by the CsCl at disposal temperatures are required. Available data on the compatibility of WESF-produced CsCl with 316L SS are not adequate for making the required evaluations. This report summarizes …

This report describes the operation of the Shippingport Atomic Power Station during the LWBR (Light Water Breeder Reactor) Core lifetime. It also summarizes the plant-oriented operations during the period preceding LWBR startup, which include the defueling of The Pressurized Water Reactor Core 2 (PWR-2) and the installation of the LWBR Core, and the operations associated with the defueling of LWBR. The intent of this report is to examine LWBR experience in retrospect and present pertinent and significant aspects of LWBR operations that relate primarily to the nuclear portion of the Station. The nonnuclear portion of the Station is discussed only as it relates to overall plant operation or to unusual problems which result from the use of conventional equipment in radioactive environments. 30 refs., 69 figs., 27 tabs.

To date a number of searches for evidence for supersymmetry in electron-positron collisions have been made, all with negative results. The techniques used in these searches are reviewed, and their results are examined. The general theoretical and experimental features of supersymmetry are reviewed briefly. 43 refs., 60 figs. (LEW)

The Oak Ridge National Laboratory is currently developing a Deuterium Pellet Injector for installation on the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR). This paper describes the design and development of a stand-alone data acquisition and control system for that device. Major elements of the hardware are an Allen-Bradley PLC 2/30 programmable logic controller, a MicroVAX-II computer using the VMS operating system, CAMAC data acquisition and communication equipment, and special-purpose controllers for temperature and for the sequencing of pellet firing valves. The PLC performs all actual control actions and acquires data pertinent to those actions. The MicroVAX receives the data acquired by the PLC, displays it for the operator, prompts for and processes requests for action from the operator, and informs the PLC of those requests. The primary purpose of this paper is to describe the software operating in the MicroVAX, including the system architecture, major tasks, and ancillary and background tasks.

During the site characterization phase of the Nevada Nuclear Waste Storage Investigation Project, tests are planned to provide field information on the hydrological and thermomechanical environment. These results are needed for assessing performance of stored waste packages emplaced at depth in excavations in a rock mass. Scoping calculations were performed to provide information on displacements and stress levels attained around excavations in the rock mass from imposing a thermal load designed to simulate the heat produced by radioactive decay. In this way, approximate levels of stresses and displacements are available for choosing instrumentation type and sensitivity as well as providing indications for optimizing instrument emplacement during the test. 7 refs., 9 figs., 1 tab.

A prototype hadron calorimeter, of similar design to the Warm Iron Calorimeter (WIC) planned for the SLD experiment, has been built and its performance has been studied in a test beam. The WIC is an iron sampling calorimeter whose active elements are plastic streamer tubes similar to those used for the Mont-Blanc proton decay experiment. The construction and operation of the tubes will be briefly described together with their use in an iron calorimeter - muon tracker. Efficiency, resolution and linearity have been measured in a hadron/muon beam up to 11 GeV. The measured values correspond to the SLD design goals.

The process of channeling of charged particle beams in bent crystals is described, including the effects of angular acceptance, spatial acceptance, normal dechanneling, bending dechanneling, and surface acceptance. Some bending applications that have been tried and future possibilities are reviewed. 29 refs., 30 figs. (LEW)