The use of a two-stage concentrator with a fresnel lens primary and a non-imaging dielectric totally internally reflecting secondary, has unique advantages for photovoltaic concentration. This new design has a much larger acceptance angle than the conventional lens-cell concentrating system. In the continuation of this research, an optimally designed prototype which employs a 13.6-cm diameter flat fresnel tons as the primary focusing device, a dielectric compound hyperbolic concentrator (DCHC) as secondary and a 1-cm diameter high-concentration cell for electricity conversion has been built, tested and analyzed. Measurements under sunlight show that it has an angular acceptance of [plus minus]3.6 degrees, which is dramatically better than the [plus minus]0.5 degree achievable without a secondary concentrator. This performance agrees well with theoretical ray-tracing predictions. The secondary shows an optical efficiency of (91[plus minus]2)% at normal incidence. Combining with the primary fresnel tens which has an optical efficiency of (82[plus minus]2)%, tho two-stage system yields a total optical efficiency of (7l[plus minus]2)%. The measurement of the system electrical performance yielded a net electrical efficiency of 11.9%. No problems associated with non-uniform cell illumination were found, as evidenced by the excellent fill factor of (79[plus minus]2)% measured under concentration. The secondary geometrical properties and …

The use of a two-stage concentrator with a fresnel lens primary and a non-imaging dielectric totally internally reflecting secondary, has unique advantages for photovoltaic concentration. This new design has a much larger acceptance angle than the conventional lens-cell concentrating system. In the continuation of this research, an optimally designed prototype which employs a 13.6-cm diameter flat fresnel tons as the primary focusing device, a dielectric compound hyperbolic concentrator (DCHC) as secondary and a 1-cm diameter high-concentration cell for electricity conversion has been built, tested and analyzed. Measurements under sunlight show that it has an angular acceptance of {plus_minus}3.6 degrees, which is dramatically better than the {plus_minus}0.5 degree achievable without a secondary concentrator. This performance agrees well with theoretical ray-tracing predictions. The secondary shows an optical efficiency of (91{plus_minus}2)% at normal incidence. Combining with the primary fresnel tens which has an optical efficiency of (82{plus_minus}2)%, tho two-stage system yields a total optical efficiency of (7l{plus_minus}2)%. The measurement of the system electrical performance yielded a net electrical efficiency of 11.9%. No problems associated with non-uniform cell illumination were found, as evidenced by the excellent fill factor of (79{plus_minus}2)% measured under concentration. The secondary geometrical properties and the optimal two-stage design procedures for …

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A simple model has been developed which can predict the magnetoresistance of copper as a function of initial purity, the extent of cold work and the presence of both irradiation produced point defects and the extended defects produced by annealing. The remaining area of uncertainty in a complete description of the response of superconducting magnets to irradiation-anneal cycles is the dependence of annealing on dose impurity concentration and cold-work.

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This report is a safeguards and security concept system review for the secure automated fabrication (SAF) and national liquid metal reactor (LMR) fuel programs.

We have made preliminary neutron-capture cross-section calculations of the Hauser-Feshbach type for the isotopes /sup 144/Sm, /sup 145/Sm, and /sup 145/Pm to investigate the production of radioactive /sup 145/Pm by neutron capture on the stable isotope /sup 144/Sm. The calculations were made for incident neutron energies from 2.5 MeV to about 1/sup -4/ or 10/sup -5/ MeV, wherever the first unbound resonance was estimated to occur in each case. At that energy, the calculated value was reduced by a somewhat arbitrary factor, and the excitation function extended down to thermal energy using a (E/sub n/)/sup -1/2/ energy dependence. Since very large uncertainties are associated with the position and magnitude of the first unbound resonance and the subsequent extrapolation back to thermal energy, the cross sections in this low-energy region should not be considered more accurate than +- a factor of 10. For incident neutron energies above each step, the calculations represent an average through the separated and overlapping resonance regions and may be accurate to better than +- a factor of 2. 18 refs., 7 figs., 5 tabs.

The purpose of this report is to show the results of enlarging the liquid argon vessel and moving the heavy supports by a varying magnitude less than or equal to 6 inches. In order to accomplish this, the center of gravity of the entire calorimeter had to be calculated, which includes: the center of gravity of the liquid argon vessel, the modules and the argon. Enlarging the cryostat for the endcap calorimeter and moving the rear supports along with it results in different load distributions on each support. By taking moments and finding these loads one can plot the loads on each support versus the enlargement of the cryostat and movement of the rear supports. This plot is shown in figures 2 and 3 for an empty and filled endcap respectively. The graph of weight vs. length of the vessel enlargement shows a significant decrease in the load that the heavy support experiences as the vessel gets larger, therefore the stress in the member decreases.

These proceedings describe the workshop of the Topical Meeting on Small Scale Geothermal Power Plants and Geothermal Power Plant Projects. The projects covered include binary power plants, rotary separator, screw expander power plants, modular wellhead power plants, inflow turbines, and the EPRI hybrid power system. Active projects versus geothermal power projects were described. In addition, a simple approach to estimating effects of fluid deliverability on geothermal power cost is described starting on page 119. (DJE-2005)

This report summarizes efforts made by the Seismological Laboratory toward the detection and delineation of shallow crustal zones in the western Great Basin, and toward the development of methods to accomplish such detection. The work centers around the recently-active volcanic center near Long Valley, California. The work effort is broken down into three tasks: (1) network operations, (2) data analysis and interpretation, and (3) the study of shallow crustal amomalies (magma bodies). Section (1) describes the efforts made to record thousand of earthquakes near the Long Valley caldera, and focusses on the results obtained for the November 1984 round Valley earthquake. Section (2) describes the major effort of this contract, which was to quantify the large volume of seismic data being recorded as it pertains to the goals of this contract. Efforts described herein include (1) analysis of earthquake focal mechanisms, and (2) the classification, categorization, and interpretation of unusual seismic phases in terms of reflections and refractions from shallow-crustal anomalous zones. Section (3) summarizes the status of our research to date on the locations of magma bodies, with particular emphasis on a location corresponding to the map location of the south end of Hilton Creek fault. Five lines of …

The stability of high intensity beams has been a matter of some concern. While anti-proton operation uses beam currents of 10 a or less, it is sometimes useful to have proton beams with currents of the order of 1 ma and narrow (booster sized) momentum spreads. This note describes calculations of what can be expected for coasting beam instabilities and, in particular, the effect of the (high impedance) 53 MHz cavities. This note specifically does not describe transverse instabilities, bunched beam instabilities, or turbulence in the debunching process. The stability limit can be calculated using standard formulae (van der Meer CERN/PS/AA/80-4 and many others). The result of this calculation is the 'stability plot' shown in figure 1a. This calculation assumes a 1 ma beam with a {Delta}p ({sigma}) of 2 MeV/c. The curve (allowed impedance) scales inversely with beam current and {Delta}p{sup 2}. The momentum spread was assumed to be gaussian. Figures 1b and 1c are the same plot but with different scales. The interpretation of this plot is that if the impedance of any device (or devices) is outside this curve, then the assumed beam distribution is unstable. More rigorously one can make a so-called 'Nyquist plot' where one …

Information compiled in 1985 while assessing the environmental impact of radionuclides previously discharged with aqueous releases from the Rancho Seco Nuclear Power Generating Plant is presented. In October 1984, the quantities of gamma-emitting radionuclides in water discharged to Clay Creek from the plant were reduced below operationally defined detection limits for liquid effluents. However, radionuclides previously discharged persist in the downstream environment and are found in many aquatic dietary components. /sup 134/Cs and /sup 137/Cs are the primary gamma-emitting radionuclides detected in the edible flesh of different fish, crayfish, and frogs. Coefficients for exponential equations are generated, from a least square analysis, that relate the change in concentration of /sup 137/Cs in fish to distance downstream and time between March and October 1985. Concentrations of /sup 137/Cs in surface creek sediments also decreased in the downstream direction much in the same manner as concentrations decreased in fish. However, there was no significant difference in the radiocesium concentrations in surface sediements collected from comparable locations during both 1984 and 1985.

As anionic species, both Tc-99 and I-129 are expected to be mobile in the soils beneath the burial ground. These two isotopes were analyzed in groundwater collected from research wells screened in the tritium plume leaving the burial ground. The maximum observed concentrations of 22 pCi/L of Tc-99 and 12 pCi/L of I-129 in the plume wells are above background levels and confirm the mobility of these species. The earlier measurements included in this report have been reported before.1,2 The data indicate that the I-129 concentrations may be increasing with time. Because of the long time (greater than one year) involved in obtaining results for these ultra low-level analyses, this work included analysis of only a few wells inside the burial ground. This limited selection of wells does not permit a mapping of the groundwater concentration isopleths.

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A finite element model of the CC cryostat was used to investigate the stresses resulting in this structure under internal pressure (30 psi at the top of the vessel increasing linearly to 40 psi at the bottom) and weight loadings. Figures 1 and 2 show the model and relevant physical dimensions. The results are given in Table I. The stresses were extracted. from the nodal stress output for individual elements. The variation of stress over the element is some indication of mesh adequacy in the absence of additional results from a finer mesh. Based on this variation, the stresses output for the central cylinder and head appear to be quite good. The nodal stresses vary about 15% within the most highly stressed elements. The maximum stresses in the outer cylinder occur in the element defined by the four nodes used for support. Stresses within this element vary by a factor of {approx}2. It is fair to say that no detailed information on stresses in the shell at the support is available with this mesh. However, outer shell stresses away from the supports are well within the limits for SS 304 as given by Section VIII, Division 2, Appendix 4. A …

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This is the minority report on the decision to use local ganging in the central calorimeter and major portions of the end cap calorimeters. The method not chosen for the readout is distant ganging. This method requires that the signal from each pad be carried to the outer radial edge of the board. There the signals from successive boards are connected together in parallel(ganged). From there the signal is carried to the cryostat port. All of the procedures needed to effect this design are known at this time. The line connecting each pad to the outer edge of its board can be produced by routing the line onto the readout board when the pads are routed. The lines are designed to be .007 inches wide with .008 inch spacings between lines. Lines of these dimension have been produced at Fermi Lab with very little difficulty. Three lines each 50 feet long were cut with out a break or short on the first attempt using the Fermi Gerber router. The connection from the lead to ganging cable is made with lands at the outer edge of the board. The ganging cable is created by layering copper and mylar. The first surface …

This report describes seven geothermal gradient test holes in the southern Washington Cascade Mountains. The objectives of the drilling program were to: (1) more accurately define the general extent of potential geothermal resources in the southern Washington Cascades, and (2) evaluate specific targets that are geologically and structurally favorable for the occurrence of geothermal resources. (ACR)

Brief summaries are given of 44 different experiments either running or scheduled to run at the Brookhaven National Laboratory Alternating Gradient Synchrotron, as well as the experiment schedules. The beam parameters and fluxes are tabulated. Illustrations are given of both the experimental area layouts and the apparatus for each experiment. (LEW)

The Amplifier-Discriminator-Multiplexor (ADM) card described was designed for the External Muon Identifier at the 15 ft Bubble Chamber. The general scheme of the data readout of the External Muon Identifier is based on the use of a master clock. The ADM card serves to amplify the signals from the proportional tubes, discriminate them, latch the signals in parallel into a shift register. The data are then shifted out serially to the Time Digitizing System, using the master clock. The shift registers are loaded, and the latches are reset every sixteen cycles of the master clock. (LEW)

There are two fundamental reasons to have a full knowledge of the angular distribution of power from an insertion device: 1. To evaluate the heat-load distribution on the first optical element in a beamline. 2. To estimate the total radiated power which will impinge on the walls of an insertion device. This is important to ensure needed cooling of the insertion device walls. The photodesorption is another closely related phenomenon determined by the exposure of the insertion device walls to the radiated power and of consequence to the successful operation of the storage ring. In this paper, we will primarily focus on undulators, but also consider situations as the value of K increases to the wiggler regime. These calculations are very involved and cumbersome and we shall only present some specific results related to the 6-GeV insertion devices.

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