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Emittance growth in the collider arcs due to transverse wakefields
The three main components of the dipole wakefield in the collider arcs are the resistive wall wake due to the finite conductivity of the vacuum chamber wall and the wakes due to discontinuities at the beam position monitors and vacuum chamber bellows. In the first section we estimate the dipole wakefield arising from the resistive wall wake. In the second section results of TBCI calculations of the wakes due to the BPM's and bellows are presented, and compared with the resistive wall calculation. In the final section the total wakefield is used to compute the emittance growth.
Date:
December 1, 1983
Creator:
Peterson, J. M. & Wilson, P. B.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Stability of radioactive waste glasses assessed from hydration thermodynamics
Assessment of the geologic performance of radioactive waste glasses requires extrapolation of finite tests to very long times. Hydration thermodynamics provides a means to compare the stability of waste glasses to natural analogues and to ancient synthetic glasses. The glass composition is separated into structural components of known free energy of hydration. These are then summed to provide a discrete measure of the stability of a given glass to aqueous attack. Hydration thermodynamics can be used to extend the results of laboratory tests of Savannah River waste glass to the repository environment. 15 references, 3 figures, 1 table.
Date:
January 1, 1983
Creator:
Plodinec, M. J.; Jantzen, Carol M. & Wicks, George G.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Reactor safety research programs. Quarterly report, April-June 1983. Vol. 2
This document summarizes work performed by Pacific Northwest Laboratory from April 1 through June 30, 1983, for the Division of Accident Evaluation and the Division of Engineering Technology, US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Evaluations of nondestructive examination (NDE) techniques and instrumentation are reported; areas of investigation include demonstrating the feasibility of determining the strength of structural graphite, evaluating the feasibility of detecting and analyzing flaw growth in reactor pressure boundary systems, examining NDE reliability and probabilistic fracture mechanics, and assessing the integrity of pressurized water reactor steam generator tubes where service-induced degradation has been indicated. Experimental data and analytical models are being provided to aid in decision making regarding pipe-to-pipe impacts following postulated breaks in high-energy fluid system piping. Experimental data and validated models are being used to determine a method for evaluating the acceptance of welded or weld-repaired stainless steel piping. Core thermal models are being developed to provide better digital codes to compute the behavior or full-scale reactor systems under postulated accident conditions. High-temperature materials property tests are being conducted to provide data on severe core damage fuel behavior. Severe fuel damage accident tests are being conducted at the NRU reactor, Chalk River, Canada; and an instrumented fuel assembly …
Date:
December 1, 1983
Creator:
Edler, S.K. (ed.)
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
End-crop box counter
A nondestructive assay instrument that measures large quantities of low-enriched uranium metal is described. The assay is based on the spontaneous totals neutron signal.
Date:
January 1, 1983
Creator:
Sprinkle, J. K. Jr.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Prospects of the surfatron laser plasma accelerator
The surfatron concept is proposed as a possible solution to the problem of staging in the laser-plasma beat wave accelerator scheme. Prospects of a 100 GeV particle accelerator based on the surfatron concept are explored. Finite angle optical mixing appears to be a promising solution for drastically reducing the width of the plane wave, thereby, making the required laser power and the device size realizable for a proof-of-principle experiment. Our conclusions are based mainly on analytical theory and one-dimensional particle simulations.
Date:
January 1, 1983
Creator:
Katsouleas, T.; Joshi, C.; Mori, W. & Dawson, J.M.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Relativistic fluid equations of motion, equilibrium and stability of beams
A general relativistic fluid formulation has been obtained by Siambis. The set of relativistic fluid equations includes a general equation of state. The use of these equations, however, is hampered by the presence of additional fluid variables resulting from relativistic corrections. The systematic expansion and associated nice variables introduced by Newcomb, have been utilized in the formulation of Siambis to yield a compact set of relativistic fluid equations which is the relativistic generalization of the well-known non-relativistic set of fluid equations. Specifically a general relativistic equation of state is obtained, which can be reduced to much simpler forms for specific cases. Equilibrium constraints are obtained and discussed. A stability analysis has been carried out for the two-stream instability including relativistic thermal corrections. A new mode of beam oscillation has been found, the thermal-relativistic mode. This mode is a fast-wave mode and it interacts resonantly, under certain conditions, with the well-known positive energy beam fast wave. 5 refs., 2 figs.
Date:
January 1, 1983
Creator:
Siambis, J.G.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Impact of inservice inspection on the reliability of nuclear piping
The reliability of nuclear piping is a function of piping quality as fabricated, service loadings and environments, plus programs of continuing inspection during operation. This report presents the results of a study of the impact of inservice inspection (ISI) programs on the reliability of specific nuclear piping systems that have actually failed in service. Two major factors are considered in the ISI programs: one is the capability of detecting flaws; the other is the frequency of performing ISI. A probabilistic fracture mechanics model issued to estimate the reliability of two nuclear piping lines over the plant life as functions of the ISI programs. Examples chosen for the study are the PWR feedwater steam generator nozzle cracking incident and the BWR recirculation reactor vessel nozzle safe-end cracking incident.
Date:
December 1, 1983
Creator:
Woo, H.H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Operational experience with the BNL magnetron H/sup -/ source
A magnetron H/sup -/ source with a grooved cathode has been in operation at the BNL Linac for over 18 months. The source has run at 5 pps with a 600 ..mu..sec pulse width for periods as long as 5 months. Its development and performance will be discussed.
Date:
January 1, 1983
Creator:
Witkover, R.L.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Energy and technology review
Separate abstracts were prepared for three papers in this review. (LEW)
Date:
November 1, 1983
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Low-level waste management program and interim waste operations technologies
The Department of Energy currently supports an integrated technology development and transfer program aimed at ensuring that the technology necessary for the safe management and disposal of LLW by the commercial and defense sectors is available. The program focuses on five technical areas: (1) corrective measures technology, (2) improved shallow land burial technology, (3) greater confinement disposal technology, (4) model development and validation, and (5) treatment methods for problem wastes. The results of activities in these areas are reported in the open literature and the Proceedings of the LLWMP Annual Participants Information Meeting.
Date:
January 1, 1983
Creator:
Mezga, L. J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Constraints on stellar evolution from pulsations
Consideration of the many types of intrinsic variable stars, that is, those that pulsate, reveals that perhaps a dozen classes can indicate some constraints that affect the results of stellar evolution calculations, or some interpretations of observations. Many of these constraints are not very strong or may not even be well defined yet. In this review we discuss only the case for six classes: classical Cepheids with their measured Wesselink radii, the observed surface effective temperatures of the known eleven double-mode Cepheids, the pulsation periods and measured surface effective temperatures of three R CrB variables, the delta Scuti variable VZ Cnc with a very large ratio of its two observed periods, the nonradial oscillations of our sun, and the period ratios of the newly discovered double-mode RR Lyrae variables. Unfortunately, the present state of knowledge about the exact compositions; mass loss and its dependence on the mass, radius, luminosity, and composition; ;and internal mixing processes, as well as sometimes the more basic parameters such as luminosities and surface effective temperatures prevent us from applying strong constraints for every case where currently the possibility exists.
Date:
January 1, 1983
Creator:
Cox, A. N.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Heat transfer in oscillatory flow. Progress report, January 1983-December 1983
Progress is reported in work with a water tunnel facility and wind tunnel facilities used to study heat transfer in oscillatory flow. Work on both facilities include construction and modifications of the facilities themselves, instrumentation and data acquisition, and experimental measurements. A computer code was developed for the calculation of steady and unsteady heat transfer over the attached portion of the boundary layer. The equations of momentum and energy were recast in their finite-difference form. (LEW)
Date:
January 1, 1983
Creator:
Telionis, D. P. & Diller, T. E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
TFTR initial operations
The Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) has operated since December 1982 with ohmically heated plasmas. Routine operation with feedback control of plasma current, position, and density has been obtained for plasmas with I/sub p/ approx. = 800 kA, a = 68 cm, R = 250 cm, and B/sub t/ = 27 kG. A maximum plasma current of 1 MA was achieved with q approx. = 2.5. Energy confinement times of approx. 150 msec were measured for hydrogen and deuterium plasmas with anti n/sub e/ approx. = 2 x 10/sup 13/ cm/sup -3/, T/sub e/ (0) approx. = 1.5 keV, T/sub i/ (0) approx. = 1.5 keV, and Z/sub eff/ approx. = 3. The preliminary results suggest a size-cubed scaling from PLT and are consistent with Alcator C scaling where tau approx. nR/sup 2/a. Initial measurements of plasma disruption characteristics indicate current decay rates of approx. 800 kA in 8 ms which is within the TFTR design requirement of 3 MA in 3 ms.
Date:
November 1, 1983
Creator:
Young, K.M.; Bell, M.; Blanchard, W.R.; Bretz, N.; Cecchi, J.; Coonrod, J. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
OMEGA: a short-wavelength laser for fusion experiments
The OMEGA, Nd:glass laser facility was constructed for the purpose of investigating the feasibility of direct-drive laser fusion. With 24 beams producing a total energy of 4 kJ or a peak power of 12 TW, OMEGA is capable of nearly uniform illumination of spherical targets. Six of the OMEGA beams have recently been converted to short-wavelength operation (351 nm). In this paper, we discuss details of the system design and performance, with particular emphasis on the frequency-conversion system and multi-wavelength diagnostic system.
Date:
January 1, 1983
Creator:
Soures, J. M.; Hutchison, R. J.; Jacobs, S. D.; Lund, L. D.; McCrory, R. L. & Richardson, M. C.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Computed tomography using synchrotron radiation
X-ray computed tomography (CT) is a widely used method of obtaining cross-sectional views of objects. The high intensity, natural collimation, monochromaticity and energy tunability of synchrotron x-ray sources could potentially be used to provide CT images of improved quality. The advantages of these systems would be that images could be produced more rapidly with better spatial resolution and reduced beam artifacts. In addition, images, in some cases, could be acquired with elemental sensitivity. As a demonstration of the capability of such a system, CT images were obtained of four slices of an excised pig heart in which the arteries and the cardiac chambers were filled with an iodinated medium. Images were taken with incident x-rays tuned successively to energies just above and below the iodine K edge. Iodine specific images were obtained by logarithmically subtracting the low energy image data from the high energy data and then reconstructing the image. CT imaging using synchrotron radiation may become a convenient and non-destructive method of imaging samples difficult to study by other methods.
Date:
September 1, 1983
Creator:
Thompson, A. C.; Llacer, J.; Finman, L. C.; Hughes, E. B.; Otis, J. N.; Wilson, S. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Computer controlled target storage system
Hygroscopic or readily oxidizing targets need an appropriate and secure storage system. This is a description of a computer target storage facility. 5 figures.
Date:
January 1, 1983
Creator:
Nardi, B.G. & Worthington, J.N.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Blanket comparison and selection study. Volume II
This volume contains extensive data for the following chapters: (1) solid breeder tritium recovery, (2) solid breeder blanket designs, (3) alternate blanket concept screening, and (4) safety analysis. The following appendices are also included: (1) blanket design guidelines, (2) power conversion systems, (3) helium-cooled, vanadium alloy structure blanket design, (4) high wall loading study, and (5) molten salt safety studies. (MOW)
Date:
October 1, 1983
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Electrokinetic effects and the concepts of zeta potential and zero point of charge
The application of electrokinetic effects and the concepts of zeta potential and zero point of charge to leaching of radioactive waste glasses is discussed. 24 references, 2 figures, 3 tables.
Date:
January 1, 1983
Creator:
Jantzen, Carol M.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Initial radiation dosimetry at Hiroshima and Nagasaki
The dosimetry of A-bomb survivors at Hiroshima and Nagasaki is discussed in light of the new dosimetry developed in 1980 by the author. The important changes resulting from the new dosimetry are the ratios of neutron to gamma doses, particularly at Hiroshima. The implications of these changes in terms of epidemiology and radiation protection standards are discussed. (ACR)
Date:
September 1, 1983
Creator:
Loewe, W.E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Hot dry rock geothermal energy development program. Annual report, fiscal year 1982
Emphasis in the Hot Dry Rock Program was on development of methods to produce the hydraulic fractures required to connect the deep, inclined wells of the Phase II system at Fenton Hill. Environmental surveillance, instrument development, laboratory and modeling studies, and other supporting activities were continued. After two unsuccessful attempts to fracture hydraulically through inflatable packers, formation breakdown was produced in an uncased section near the bottom of well EE-2 by pumping water through a cemented-in steel liner. Breakdon occurred at a wellhead pressure of 33.1 MPa and a total of 8539 m/sup 3/ of water was injected. Mapping of source locations of microseismic events indicated opening of an extensive set of planar features dipping about 40/sup 0/W, striking about N20/sup 0/W, and apparently passing beneath the bottom of well EE-3. An attempt was then made to fracture at a higher level where the relative positions of the two wells increased the probability that an inclined fracture would connect them. Repeated failures of drill pipe, tubing, couplings, and packers terminated most pumping experiments prematurely. Important advances were made in thermal protection of downhole instruments, real-time mapping source locations of microseismic signals, modeling of heat and mass transport, and the mechanics …
Date:
September 1, 1983
Creator:
Smith, M.C.; Nunz, G.J. & Ponder, G.M. (eds.)
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
End cell I and C requirements for operating tandem mirror reactors
The next generation of fusion reactors will be developed to achieve near-ignition conditions and operate in a tritium environment for significant periods of time. Radiation-hardened diagnostic instrumentation must be developed for these reactors. Although neutral beam injection (NBI) will be used for plasma heating and fueling of experimental fusion machines like MFTF-..cap alpha.. + T, it is believed that ion cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH) will be used in future machines for heating the plasma. When rf heating is used, fueling will be accomplished with gas puffing and advanced fuel injectors. End cell coils, NBI, and microwave power injectors are needed to provide adequate confinement. Microwave power and NBI control the electostatic potentials of the plug and barrier. Low-frequency rf power provides drift pump control of the ions so that they are lost radially, enhancing the use of direct converters that collect the axially flowing electrons. Direct or indirect measurements of electrostatic potential barriers, electron density, and temperature appear necessary to control the NBI and microwave power generators. This paper discusses some of the end cell instrumentation and control (I and C) systems believed to be necessary for tandem mirror reactors.
Date:
January 1, 1983
Creator:
Gorker, G.E. & Osher, J.E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Magnetic shielding design analysis
Two passive magnetic-shielding-design approaches for static external fields are reviewed. The first approach uses the shielding solutions for spheres and cylinders while the second approach requires solving Maxwell's equations. Experimental data taken at LLNL are compared with the results from these shieldings-design methods, and improvements are recommended for the second method. Design considerations are discussed here along with the importance of material gaps in the shield.
Date:
December 27, 1983
Creator:
Kerns, J.A.; LaPaz, A.D. & Fabyan, J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Pattern formation by shock processes
Shock waves in condensed media often produce and leave behind periodic patterns and textures. These patterns have been observed both in real time and in postmortem examination. In many cases the patterns can be related to analogous Pattern-forming mechanisms in classical fluid dynamics, such as the Rayleigh-Taylor and Helmholtz instabilities. In other cases, the textures arise from peculiarities in the dynamic stress state immediately behind the leading edge of the shock wave. Periodic waves in the interface between two shock welded metals have a close resemblance to the classical Helmholtz instability. From a practical point of view, these waves are crucial to the formation of a good bond. Impulsive acceleration of an interface can result in the Meshkov instability, which forms patterns qualitatively similar to the Rayleigh-Taylor instability driven by continuous acceleration. However, the patterned stress state left behind after a shock crosses a perturbed interface can result in perturbation growth for shock propagation in either direction across the interface. Even in homogeneous media, the non-hydrostatic component of the stress behind a shock can drive a pattern forming instability. Adiabatic shear banding has been proposed as a mechanism to explain both the patterns observed in shock-compressed and recovered metal samples …
Date:
January 1, 1983
Creator:
Shaner, J.W.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Validation of neutron-transport calculations in benchmark facilities for improved damage-fluence predictions
An accurate determination of damage fluence accumulated by reactor pressure vessels (RPV) as a function of time is essential in order to evaluate the vessel integrity for both pressurized thermal shock (PTS) transients and end-of-life considerations. The desired accuracy for neutron exposure parameters such as displacements per atom or fluence (E > 1 MeV) is of the order of 20 to 30%. However, these types of accuracies can only be obtained realistically by validation of nuclear data and calculational methods in benchmark facilities. The purposes of this paper are to review the needs and requirements for benchmark experiments, to discuss the status of current benchmark experiments, to summarize results and conclusions obtained so far, and to suggest areas where further benchmarking is needed.
Date:
January 1, 1983
Creator:
Williams, M.L.; Stallmann, F.W.; Maerker, R.E. & Kam, F.B.K.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library