An accelerator group was established at ANL by the request of KFA-Juelich to carry out a conceptual design study and cost estimate for a rapid-cycling synchrotron as a possible first stage program on spallation neutron sources at KFA-Juelich. This set of notes is the individual notes which form the basis of the final report under this proposal prepared in January 1983. This document contains 37 papers/notes for Advanced Accelerator Development - Neutron Source Series Notes...numbered AAD-N-1 through AAD-N-37. Each note or paper is written by various authors.

This report describes the current state of the utility subroutine package used with codes being developed by the staff of the Applied Physics Division. The package provides a variety of useful functions for BCD input processing, dynamic core-storage allocation and management, binary I/O and data manipulation. The routines were written to conform to coding standards which facilitate the exchange of programs between different computers.

Representatives of the Laboratories of the International Collaboration on Advanced Neutron Sources gathered between 28 June and 2 July, 1982 at Argonne National Laboratory for their sixth meeting, ICANS-VI. The meeting was the first opportunity for participants to see Argonne's Intense Pulsed Neutron Source, which went into full operation in August, 1981, and in an important sense celebrated the coming-on-line of this most recent entry into the world's complement of the new generation of neutron sources. The main topics of the meeting were "Targets and Moderators" and "Neutron Scattering Instrumentation", following what has become the customary rotation of subjects. An additional topic, "Nuclear Data and Codes" emerged this time as a separate entity, closely related to the Targets and Moderators subjects. These Proceedings are organized roughly in the order and organization of presentations. In addition, a record of some of the discussions is included following each Status Report, and separate summaries of discussions on various subjects of the topical sessions. The manuscripts have been reproduced essentially as received.

This conference evolved out of an idea that originated Department of Energy contractor's meeting in Gettysburg to have a conference devoted to topics of interest to both radiation chemists and physicists in radiation research. Radiation chemists tend to operate in a time domain where chemical reactions can be observed and to deduce values from that data. Meanwhile, physicists naturally focus considerable attention on initial energy deposition events and perform calculations which should predict the same initial yields. Contributed papers and remarks have been grouped according to broad subjects.

Computer graphic representation of the antigen-binding sites of two Bence-Jones proteins (antibody light chain diners), Loc (left) and Mcg (right). The spheres represent individual amino acids. Each binding site is composed of two variable domains and each domain consists of framework segments and the hyper-variable segments which confer the specificity to the antibody molecule.

The TOEPLITZ package is a collection of Fortran subroutines for the numerical solution of systems of linear equations with coefficient matrices of Toeplitz or circulant form. This report provides a description of the algorithms and software in the package and includes program listings.

This report describes the work done on development of lithium/iron sulfide batteries at Argonne National Laboratory during FY 1982. The work at ANL has been concerned principally with the electrochemical and materials aspects of lithium-alloy negative electrodes and iron sulfide positive electrodes, materials research, cell design studies, and the testing and post-test examinations of cells fabricated by two industrial contractors--Eagle-Picher Industries, Inc. and Gould Inc.

This Phase II study provides further analysis for a seasonal-storage solar-heating system utilizing two existing underground, concrete tanks in the National Historic Park of the Charlestown Navy Yard in Boston. The initial Phase I study was reported in ANL-82-90. The new results focus on the effect of including a heat pump in the system to extend the useful heat-storage capacity of the tanks. The analysis was performed with MINSUN Version III, a computer simulation model written particularly for seasonal storage systems. Input parameters were derived in Phase I and reviewed and updated for this study. Three collector types were studied with and without a heat pump. Results indicate a definite performance and economic improvement for all collector types by including the heat pump. Flat plate collectors showed substantially greater improvement due to their more pronounced increase in efficiency at the lower inlet temperatures. With the heat pump, all three collectors provide comparable performance, and the flat plates were chosen as the design system due to their lower cost. A design system of 2300 meters sq. flat plate collectors with heat pump was selected. The system provides a solar fraction of 50% for the 2167 MWH annual heat load. The annualized …

Fluid damping plays an important role for structures submerged in fluid, subjected to flow, or conveying fluid. This design guide presents a summary of calculational procedures and design data for fluid damping for circular cylinders vibrating in quiescent fluid, crossflow, and parallel flow.

Three series of tests are performed to evaluate the effects of tube to tube-support-plate (TSP) clearance on tube dynamic characteristics and instability phenomena for tube arrays in crossflow. Test results show that, for relatively large clearances, tubes may possess TSP-inactive modes in which the tubes rattle inside some of the tube-support-plate holes, and that the natural frequencies of TSP-inactive modes are lower than those of TSP-active modes, in which the support plates provide knife-edge type support. Tube response characteristics associated with TSP-inactive modes are sensitive to tube-to-TSP clearance, TSP thickness, excitation amplitude, tube alignment, and the fluid inside the clearance. In addition, tube response is intrinsically nonlinear, with the dominance of TSP-inactive or TSP-active modes depending on the magnitudes of different system parameters. In general, such a system is difficult to model; only a full-scale test can provide all the necessary characteristics. A tube array supported by TSPs with relatively large clearances may be subjected to dynamic instability in some of the TSP-inactive modes; tube response characteristics and impact forces on TSPs for a tube row are studied in detail in this report. Tube displacements associated with the instability of a TSP-inactive mode are small; however, impacts of the tube …

As part of the Solar Reliability and Materials Program at Argonne National Laboratory, the atmospheric corrosion of candidate batten and enclosure materials were tested on outdoor racks parallel to the tilted solar-collected panels at nine National Solar Data Network (NSDN) sites, located in mild marine, mild industrial, and rural environments. The candidate materials evaluated include galvanized steel (G-90), aluminized steel (Type 2), aluminum (6061), and white polyester painted steel. Data analyses predicted that all the first three materials will last more than 20 years in the nine sites tested. However, repainting of the painted steel is probably needed within five years in a mild marine environment and five to ten years in a mild industrial or rural environment.

As part of the Solar Reliability and Materials Program at Argonne National Laboratory, metal corrosion associated with thermal cycling at 82 C circulating and 176 C stagnating temperatures of propylene glycol and ASTM corrosive water mixture (50% v/o) was investigated. Preliminary data indicate that in a mixed metal system of copper, steel, and aluminum specimens stagnating together in a glycol solution, the copper randomly pits and the pitting stops when the pit depth extends to about 1-1/2 mil. The addition of 1% molybdate as an inhibitor to the glycol solution is slightly beneficial for steel, but the added expense of adding and maintaining the concentration of an inhibitor may not be warranted. Dissolved copper rapidly deposits on the aluminum surface and promotes severe galvanic corrosion.

Report discussing a project to design, build, and test a latent heat storage device using cross-linked, high-density polyethylene (HDPE). This report provides an update on progress up to the point that the device is ready to test.

ASHRAE Standard 94-77, Method of Testing Thermal Storage Devices Based on Thermal Performance, was developed to allow manufacturers of thermal energy storage devices to compare their products in a meaningful way. When Standard 94-77 was used for thermal energy storage products based on latent heat storage, the Standard was found to be inadequate for comparison of these devices. Standard Project Committee SPC 94.1 was established to devise a Standard that would be adequate for comparing latent heat systems. The purpose of this report is to describe several alternatives to Standard 94-77 and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each alternative. The discussion focuses on two proposed replacement standards and includes experimental results for each. The experimental results are from tests conducted on a PCM storage tank that uses sodium thiosulfate as the PCM and water as the heat transfer fluid. The experimental arrangement is discussed in detail.

Elbow assemblies and adjacent piping from the loops A and B core spray injection lines of Quad Cities Units 1 and 2 Boiling Water Reactors have been examined in order to determine the nature and causes of coolant leakages and flaw indications detected during hydrostatic tests and subsequent ultrasonic inspections. The elbow assemblies were found to contain multiple intergranular cracks in the weld heat-affected zones. The cracking was predominantly axial in orientation in the forged elbow and wedge components, whereas mixed axial and circumferential cracking was seen in the wrought piping pieces. In at least two instances, axial cracks completely penetrated the circumferential weld joining adjacent components. Based upon the observations made in the present study, the failures were attributed to intergranular stress corrosion cracking caused by the weld-induced sensitized microstructure and residual stresses present; dissolved oxygen in the reactor coolant apparently served as the corrosive species. The predominantly axial orientation of the cracks present in the forged components is believed to be related to the banded microstructure present in these components. The metallographic studies reported are supplemented by x-radiography, chemical analysis and mechanical test results, determinations of the degree of sensitization present, and measurements of weld metal delta ferrite …

Several sections of Type 304 stainless steel head spray piping, 6.25 cm (2.5 in.) in diameter, from the Dresden Unit 2 Boiling Water Reactor were examined to determine the nature and causes of coolant leakages detected during hydrostatic tests. Extensive pitting was observed on the outside surface of the piping, and three cracks, all located at a helical stripe apparently rubbed onto the outer surface of the piping, were also noted. Metallographic examination revealed that the cracking had initiated at the outer surface of the pipe, and showed it to be transgranular and highly branched, characteristic of chloride stress corrosion cracking. The surface pitting also appeared to have been caused by chlorides. A scanning electron microprobe x-ray analysis of the corrosion product in the cracks confirmed the presence of chlorides and also indicated the presence of calcium.

This report describes the preparation of a series of manganese oxides and an analysis of their sorptive, structural, and surface characteristics as low-energetic desiccants for passive dehumidification and active desiccant cooling systems. A cusped Type III isotherm for the adsorption of water is reported for the first time. The data are interpreted as evidence of a first-order phase change from a two-dimensional gas to a liquid film in the first reversibly adsorbed layer. It appears that the water adsorption characteristics of MnO2 compared to standard desiccants which exhibit Type II isotherms are due at least in part to differences in the physical topography and electronic properties of the desiccant substrates: MnO2 is a p-type semiconductor with essentially-flat, monoenergetic surface structures, while standard desiccants like silica gel are electronic insulators with irregular, heteroenergetic surfaces.

This report presents a diagnostic automation that can be used to investigate classes of systems without feedback loops. This report shows the input needed for the automation, the algorithm used, and the PROLOG program for the simulation.

The research program in nuclear physics in the Physics Division spans a broad range of activities and contributes to many of the major questions in the discipline. Activities may be roughly divided into three broad categories. Research with the tandem-linac in heavy-ion physics is doing well, though laboring under severe budgetary constraints, and outside use of the facility has increased substantially. Progress on the construction of the full ATLAS facility is coming along expeditiously and it is expected to be completed on schedule in 1985. In medium-energy physics, activities are continuing at LAMPF, as well as other accelerators, though considerable effort was devoted this year to the preparation of a proposal for a national electron accelerator facility.

Annual report of the environmental monitoring program at Argonne National Laboratory, discussing activities and findings of the group.

This is the second report describing an ongoing environmental surveillance program conducted at the Palos Park Forest Preserve near Chicago, Illinois. The Preserve was a site of a nuclear research laboratory (Site A) from 1943 to 1956 and a radioactive waste burial site (Plot M) from 1944 to 1949. An extensive radiological characterization of the site was conducted from February 1976 to August 1977, and tritium in the form of water was found to be the only radionuclide that migrated from the nuclear facilities. The results were published in US Department of Energy Report DOE/EV-0005/7. The present report summarizes the earlier findings and gives the detailed results of the work from August 1977 through December 1981. The vertical and horizontal distribution of tritium within the glacial till was determined from measurements of tritium in soil moisture. Chemical and radiochemical analyses were performed on a number of wells in the area. Tritiated water continued to be the only species that was observed to have migrated from the Plot M area. Migration from the Site A area was not observed. The concentration of tritium at the Red Gate Woods well, 1200 ft down-gradient from Plot M, continued to show the seasonal fluctuations …

The shellside pressure drop between the inlet and outlet nozzles as well as the pressure drops through individual sections of different shell-and-tube test-exchanger configurations are measured under water flow. The segmentally baffled test exchanger is nominally 0.6 m (2 ft) in diameter, 3.7 m (12 ft) long and contains a tube bundle of 19 mm (0.75 in.) outside-diameter tubes. Results are reported of 24 test cases obtained from various combinations of parameters: 30 degrees triangular or 90 degrees square tube layout patterns (all on a 1.25 pitch-to-diameter ratio), numbers of cross-passes, sizes of nozzles, plain or finned tubes, and full or special fix tube bundles. The exponential change of pressure drop as a function of flow-rate is also investigated and an attempt is made to calculate nozzle losses.

Tube vibrations in heat exchangers are being systematically investigated in a series of tests performed with an industrial-size test exchanger. Results from water-flow tests of eleven different tube bundles, in six- and eight-cross-pass configurations on a 90 degree square layout with a pitch-to-diameter ratio of 1.25 are reported. The test cases include full tube bundles, no-tubes-in-window bundles, finned tube bundles, and proposed field and design fixes. The testing focused on identification of the lowest critical flow-rate to initiate fluid-elastic instability (large amplitude tube motion) and the location within the bundle of the tubes which first experience instability. The test results are tabulated to permit comparison with results obtained from previous tests with a 30 degree triangular layout tube bundle. Instability criteria are evaluated preliminarily. Pressure drop data are also generated and reported.

Tests are conducted for tubes conveying fluid for six types of support conditions. The objectives are to understand the dynamic characteristics of such systems for different support conditions and to explore the methods to control tube stability. Transition from one instability mechanism to another is examined, and the feasibility of using feedback control to increase the critical flow velocity is demonstrated.