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625
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Environmental survey of the B-3 and Ford's Farm ranges.
The Army has been firing depleted-uranium (DU) projectiles into targets on the Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland. An environmental survey was conducted of two areas known as the B-3 range and the Ford's Farm range to determine the location of DU in their environments. The survey included ground survey measurements and some environmental sampling. Several special studies were also conducted, including analyses of the isotopic composition of uranium in a limited number of samples and a dissolution rate study to estimate the solubility of DU dust in sea and river water.
Date:
August 1, 1983
Creator:
Stoetzel, G. A.; Waite, D. A. & Gilchrist, R. L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Status of perturbative QCD
In this talk is discussed, within the framework of perturbative QCD, four topics which have received theoretical attention in the last year. They are: (1) jets at the CERN Sp anti p S collider, (2) power corrections to leptoproduction, (3) hard scattering off nuclear targets, and (4) the photon structure function. 28 references.
Date:
August 1, 1983
Creator:
Ellis, R.K.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Welding superalloy sheet for superconducting cable jackets
Autogenous gas tungsten arc welds produced in A-286 exhibit significantly lower yield and ultimate tensile strengths than comparably heat-treated base metal. Deformation in the aged weld metal is highly localized and delineates the dendritic microstructure. The observed mechanical properties are caused by the formation of precipitate-free regions located at the dendrite cores. These regions form as the result of titanium segregation during weld pool solidification which yields dendrite cores sufficiently lean in titanium as to prevent nucleation of the hardening phase.
Date:
August 1, 1983
Creator:
Summers, L.T.; Strum, M.J. & Morris, J.W. Jr.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Molecular surface science of heterogeneous catalysis. History and perspective
A personal account is given of how the author became involved with modern surface science and how it was employed for studies of the chemistry of surfaces and heterogeneous catalysis. New techniques were developed for studying the properties of the surface monolayers: Auger electron spectroscopy, LEED, XPS, molecular beam surface scattering, etc. An apparatus was developed and used to study hydrocarbon conversion reactions on Pt, CO hydrogenation on Rh and Fe, and NH/sub 3/ synthesis on Fe. A model has been developed for the working Pt reforming catalyst. The three molecular ingredients that control catalytic properties are atomic surface structure, an active carbonaceous deposit, and the proper oxidation state of surface atoms. 40 references, 21 figures. (DLC)
Date:
August 1, 1983
Creator:
Somorjai, G.A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Neutron diffraction studies of natural glasses
A neutron diffraction investigation has been carried out of the structures of several naturally occurring glasses, viz. Libyan Desert glass, a Fulgurite, Wabar glass, Lechatelierite from Canon Diablo, a Tektite, Obsidian (3 samples), and Macusani glass. Libyan Desert sand has also been examined, together with crystalline ..cap alpha..-quartz and ..cap alpha..-cristobalite. A comparison of data for the natural glasses and synthetic vitreous silica (Spectrosil B) in both reciprocal and real space allows a categorisation into Silicas, which closely resemble synthetic vitreous silica, and Silicates, for which the resemblance to silica is consistently less striking. The data support the view that Libyan Desert glass and sand have a common origin, while the Tektite has a structure similar to that of volcanic glasses.
Date:
August 1, 1983
Creator:
Wright, A.C.; Erwin Desa, J.A.; Weeks, R.A.; Sinclair, R.N. & Bailey, D.K.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fission-gas-bubble mobility in oxide fuel: a critical analysis
The available volatile fission product release data has confirmed the general viability of the scaling model of volatile fission product release in which the fractional release rates of the volatile fission products scale as that of the fission gas. The question of whether fission gas bubbles can move sufficiently fast to be a significant mechanism responsible for fission gas release from the fuel is considered. The mean jump distance per jump of the hopping process in gas bubble motion is analyzed. Surface roughness is also considered.
Date:
August 1, 1983
Creator:
Tam, S. W. & Johnson, C. E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fuel debris assessment for Three Mile Island Unit 2 (TMI-2) reactor recovery by gamma-ray and neutron dosimetry
As a result of the accident on March 28, 1979, fuel debris was dispersed into the primary coolant system of the Three Mile Island Unit 2 (TMI-2) reactor. Location and quantification of fuel debris is essential for TMI-2 recovery. TMI-2 fuel debris assessments can be carried out nondestructively by neutron and gamma-ray dosimetry. Efforts to date have been directed toward fuel debris characterization of the makeup and purification demineralizers, will maintain reactor coolant water purity. Two highly specialized dosimetry methods were applied: solid state track recorder (SSTR) neutron dosimetry and continuous gamma-ray spectrometry. The most recent dosimetry results are reviewed and compared. To reduce the intense background radiation from /sup 137/Cs, the Si(Li) detector was surrounded by a 5.5 diameter lead shield 8'' shield in length. The spectral data were used to determine the intensity of the 2.18 MeV gamma ray from the fission product /sup 144/Ce. Assuming this fission product does not migrate out of the fuel, the quantity of /sup 144/Ce is directly related to the quantity of fuel present. Based on the observed source geometry and the measured flux of the /sup 144/Ce 2.18 MeV gamma rays, the fuel content of the A demineralizer was calculated to …
Date:
August 22, 1983
Creator:
Gold, R.; Roberts, J. H.; McNeece, J. P.; Kaiser, B. J.; Ruddy, F. H.; Preston, C. C. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Physics, computer science and mathematics division. Annual report, 1 January - 31 December 1982
Experimental physics research activities are described under the following headings: research on e/sup +/e/sup -/ annihilation; research at Fermilab; search for effects of a right-handed gauge boson; the particle data center; high energy astrophysics and interdisciplinary experiments; detector and other research and development; publications and reports of other research; computation and communication; and engineering, evaluation, and support operations. Theoretical particle physics research and heavy ion fusion research are described. Also, activities of the Computer Science and Mathematics Department are summarized. Publications are listed. (WHK)
Date:
August 1, 1983
Creator:
Jackson, J.D.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
LBL program of 1 meter long, 50 mm diameter bore, dipoles with fields greater than 8 tesla
Model dipole superconducting magnets with central fields above 8 tesla are being developed for future multi-TeV colliding beam accelerators. The first three models are 1 meter long, have nominal 50 mm diameter cold bores, and utilize Nb-Ti superconductor operating in He II at 1.8 K. None of the three models had an iron flux-return yoke. The maximum central fields achieved are 8.0, 8.6, and 9.1 tesla - all short-sample performance at 1.8 K for the conductors used. At 4.3 K the maximum central fields are from 1.5 to 2.0 tesla lower. In one design, the superconductor is arranged in four concentric cylindrical layers, sometimes called a four-shell geometry. With higher current density Nb-Ti we expect this design to reach 10 tesla central field and a two layer design to reach 8 tesla. The other design uses 8 flat pancakes with upturned ends. Improved Nb-Ti should also allow this design to reach 10 tesla central field. This geometry is being used for our Nb/sub 3/Sn wind-and-react dipole to be operated in He I at 4.3 K.
Date:
August 1, 1983
Creator:
Hassenzahl, W.; Gilbert, W.; Taylor, C. & Meuser, R.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Statistical properties of deep inelastic reactions
The multifaceted aspects of deep-inelastic heavy-ion collisions are discussed in terms of the statistical equilibrium limit. It is shown that a conditional statistical equilibrium, where a number of degrees of freedom are thermalized while others are still relaxing, prevails in most of these reactions. The individual degrees of freedom that have been explored experimentally are considered in their statistical equilibrium limit, and the extent to which they appear to be thermalized is discussed. The interaction between degrees of freedom on their way towards equilibrium is shown to create complex feedback phenomena that may lead to self-regulation. A possible example of self-regulation is shown for the process of energy partition between fragments promoted by particle exchange. 35 references.
Date:
August 1, 1983
Creator:
Moretto, Luciano G.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Basic studies of atomic dynamics. Progress report, July 1, 1982-August 31, 1983
The observed but puzzling stability of resonant states a stride potential ridges is shown to reflect a general self-focussing property of convergent waves. An approach to the solution of nonseparable wave equations is introduced which utilizes their separability in asymptotic limits. Progress is outlined in describing the properties of N-electron atoms in highly condensed states.
Date:
August 31, 1983
Creator:
Fano, U.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Ion microstability in tandem mirrors
The formalism describing ion-cyclotron modes in mirror traps will be developed. Emphasis will be placed on the effects of finite axial boundaries on the normal modes of the system. Wave properties are a composite picture of: positive energy waves (plasma oscillation, shear Alfven and drift waves), negative energy waves (ion Bernstein waves in a loss-cone media), positive dissipation (electron Landau damping, outgoing waves), and negative dissipation (ion cyclotron damping in a loss-cone and anisotropic temperature medium). Stability boundaries in this bounded media is affected by scale lengths along the magnetic field; first, because they determine the widths of the resonances, and second, because they restrict the parallel structure of the modes.
Date:
August 29, 1983
Creator:
Pearlstein, L.D.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Characterization of initiation and detonation by Lagrange gage techniques. Final report
The work on reactive flow Lagrange analysis (RFLA) was concerned with Lagrange particle velocity histories that exhibit double maxima similar to those recorded in RX26 and PBX9404. Conditions for particle velocity histories to exhibit extrema were formulated in terms of envelopes formed by Lagrange pressure histories. Lagrange analysis of the flow produced by the expansion of a detonation wave at a free surface was proposed to extend the determination of the release adiabat of detonation products from the Chapman-Jouguet (CJ) state to zero pressure. Solutions were constructed for steady-state nonideal detonation waves propagating in polytropic explosive with two reacting components. Overdriven detonation was treated both as a reactive discontinuity and as a Zeldovich-von Neumann-Doering (ZND) wave. The Rankine-Hugoniot (RH) jump conditions were used to calculate the first and second derivatives on the detonation velocity versus particle velocity Hugoniot at the CJ point. Methods of differential geometry were used to determine the conditions that allow the flow equations and RH boundary conditions to admit similarity solutions for overdriven detonation waves.
Date:
August 1, 1983
Creator:
Cowperthwaite, M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
PSOLV: a code for calculating the potentials and densities in MFTF-B
Code PSOLV solves for potential and densities at the cardinal points of MFTF-B. The code is equipped to handle both the throttle-coil and the axicell geometries. For the throttle-coil case, the potential at point MXO is input, while the potentials and densities at points MAI, b, and A are calculated. For the axicell case, the code must additionally solve for the potentials and densities at points X and MXO. PSOLV is intended primarily for use as a subroutine in TREQ, a code being developed by Rensink that calculates the densities and potentials at the cardinal points of MFTF-B as a function of time. TREQ is to be used for modeling start-up behavior.
Date:
August 17, 1983
Creator:
Colborn, J. A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Application of the implicit Fourier-expansion method to the calculation of three-dimensional equilibria by the iterative method
The iterative method of finding solutions to three-dimensional equilibria is discussed. The implicit Fourier-expansion method is briefly described and applied to the linear problems arising in the iterative loops. The paper shows how to efficiently solve for the magnetic field induced by the plasma.
Date:
August 1, 1983
Creator:
Shestakov, A.I.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
HYFIRE II: fusion/high-temperature electrolysis conceptual-design study. Annual report
As in the previous HYFIRE design study, the current study focuses on coupling a Tokamak fusion reactor with a high-temperature blanket to a High-Temperature Electrolyzer (HTE) process to produce hydrogen and oxygen. Scaling of the STARFIRE reactor to allow a blanket power to 6000 MW(th) is also assumed. The primary difference between the two studies is the maximum inlet steam temperature to the electrolyzer. This temperature is decreased from approx. 1300/sup 0/ to approx. 1150/sup 0/C, which is closer to the maximum projected temperature of the Westinghouse fuel cell design. The process flow conditions change but the basic design philosophy and approaches to process design remain the same as before. Westinghouse assisted in the study in the areas of systems design integration, plasma engineering, balance-of-plant design, and electrolyzer technology.
Date:
August 1, 1983
Creator:
Fillo, J.A. (ed.)
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
EBT reactor analysis
This report summarizes the results of a recent ELMO Bumpy Torus (EBT) reactor study that includes ring and core plasma properties with consistent treatment of coupled ring-core stability criteria and power balance requirements. The principal finding is that constraints imposed by these coupling and other physics and technology considerations permit a broad operating window for reactor design optimization. Within this operating window, physics and engineering systems analysis and cost sensitivity studies indicate that reactors with <..beta../sub core/> approx. 6 to 10%, P approx. 1200 to 1700 MW(e), wall loading approx. 1.0 to 2.5 MW/m/sup 2/, and recirculating power fraction (including ring-sustaining power and all other reactors auxiliaries) approx. 10 to 15% are possible. A number of concept improvements are also proposed that are found to offer the potential for further improvement of the reactor size and parameters. These include, but are not limited to, the use of: (1) supplementary coils or noncircular mirror coils to improve magnetic geometry and reduce size, (2) energetic ion rings to improve ring power requirements, (3) positive potential to enhance confinement and reduce size, and (4) profile control to improve stability and overall fusion power density.
Date:
August 1, 1983
Creator:
Uckan, N. A.; Jaeger, E. F.; Santoro, R. T.; Spong, D. A.; Uckan, T.; Owen, L. W. et al.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Factorisation of long distance contributions to the Drell-Yan cross section
We review the status of the hypothesis that all long distance contributions to the Drell-Yan cross section can be absorbed into parton distribution functions.
Date:
August 1, 1983
Creator:
Sachrajda, C.T.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
National negative-ion-based neutral-beam development plan
The plan covers facilities required, program milestones, and decision points. It includes identification of applications, experiments, theoretical research areas, development of specific technologies and reactor development and demonstration facilities required to bring about the successful application of negative-ion-based neutral beams. Particular emphasis is placed on those activities leading to use on existing plasma confinement experiments or their upgrades.
Date:
August 1, 1983
Creator:
Cooper, W. S. & Pyle, R. V. (eds.)
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Magnetic-mirror principle as applied to fusion research
A tutorial account is given of the key physics issues in the confinement of high temperature plasma in magnetic mirror systems. The role of adiabatic invariants and particle drifts and their relationship to equilibrium and stability are discussed, in the context of the various forms of mirror field geometry. Collisional effects and the development and the control of ambipolar potentials are reviewed. The topic of microinstabilities is discussed together with the means for their control. The properties and advantages for fusion power purposes of various special embodiments of the mirror idea, including tandem mirrors, are discussed.
Date:
August 11, 1983
Creator:
Post, Richard F.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
District heating and cooling: a 28-city assessment
Findings of a project that assessed the potential for construction of district heating and cooling (DHC) systems in 28 US cities are presented. The project sought to determine whether DHC could promote local community and economic development. In the preliminary assessment, 17 of the cities identified up to 23 projects that could be built within three to five years. Most of these projects would rely on nonscarce heat sources such as refuse or geothermal energy, and to improve financial feasibility, the majority would cogenerate electricity along with heat. Many would use existing power plants or industrial boilers to hold down capital costs. Overall, the projects could generate as amany as 24,000 jobs and retain $165 million that otherwise could leave the communities, thereby helping to stabilize local economies.
Date:
August 1, 1983
Creator:
Meshenberg, M.J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Concrete shielding exterior to iron
A rule of thumb at Fermilab has been to use 3 feet of concrete exterior to iron shielding. A recent design of a shield with a severe dimensional constraint has prompted a re-evaluation of this rule of thumb and has led to the following calculations of the concrete thickness required to nullify this problem. 4 references, 4 figures.
Date:
August 1, 1983
Creator:
Yurista, P. & Cossairt, D.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Space Nuclear-Safety Program progress report, February 1983
This technical monthly report covers studies related to the use of /sup 238/PuO/sub 2/ in radioisotope power systems carried out for the Office of Special Nuclear Projects of the US Department of Energy by Los Alamos National Laboratory. Most of the studies discussed here are ongoing. Results and conclusions may change as the work continues.
Date:
August 1, 1983
Creator:
Bronisz, S. E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Task II: ECRH and transport modeling in tandem mirrors and divertor physics. Annual progress report on fusion plasma theory, January 1, 1983-December 31, 1983
The research performed under Task II of this contract has focused on (1) the coupling of an ECRH ray tracing and absorption code to a tandem mirror transport code in order to self-consistently model the temporal and spatial evolution of the plasma, and (2) the further development of a semi-analytical kinetic model for plasma flow in divertors and pumped limiters. Work on these topics is briefly summarized in this progress report.
Date:
August 1, 1983
Creator:
Emmert, G.A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library