In this paper several equivalences of the axiom of choice are examined. In particular, the axiom of choice, Zorn's lemma, Tukey's lemma, the Hausdorff maximal principle, and the well-ordering theorem are shown to be equivalent. Cardinal and ordinal number theory is also studied. The Schroder-Bernstein theorem is proven and used in establishing order results for cardinal numbers. It is also demonstrated that the first uncountable ordinal space is unique up to order isomorphism. We conclude by encountering several applications of the axiom of choice. In particular, we show that every vector space must have a Hamel basis and that any two Hamel bases for the same space must have the same cardinality. We establish that the Tychonoff product theorem implies the axiom of choice and see the use of the axiom of choice in the proof of the Hahn- Banach theorem.

Histamine is present in the central nervous system and is believed to be derived from neurons (50 percent) and mast cells (50 percent). This experiment was designed to analyze histologically the numbers and distribution of brain-associated mast cells in normal (+/+), mast cell deficient (W/W^v) and heterozygote (W/+, W^v/+) mice of the WBB6F_1 /J strain. Significant variations in the number and distribution of mast cells between the various genotypes were found. Based on the results, a hypothesis is proposed to account for the observed genotypical differences in mast cell numbers and distribution. Based on the total number of mast cells and the content of histamine in a typical mast cell, it is apparent that the mast cell is not a major source of brain histamine, suggesting that another non-neuronal pool of histamine must be present in the brain.

This study was to develop normative data of isotonic muscular strength in college females using the Spartacus model Universal Gym bench press and leg extension and to control for the influence of body weight. Two hundred and two college age females enrolled in weight training and conditioning classes used the Universal Gym for twelve weeks. Subjects were tested for maximum strength on 2 exercises and their percent body fat was calculated. Pearson-product moment correlations between lean body weight , body weight and the bench press test and the leg extension test were correlated. After statistically controlling for the effects of body weight, percentile ranks were calculated for both tests.

This paper will show that, despite the need for extension of foreign direct investment in the form of multinational corporations to capital-scarce, less developed countries, political risk creates a gap between the demand and supply of foreign investments. In Chapter II, the patterns of foreign direct investment are analyzed. Chapter III reviews the various sources of political risk and concludes that the existence of political risk is an obstacle to the formation of optimum level investment. Chapter IV discusses the relative positions of the less developed countries and the multinational corporations. Chapter V shows the problems caused by the absence of a universal, regulatory institution. Chapter VI presents case studies of corporations based in Chile, Peru, and Angola. Chapter VII suggests ways that political risk can be minimized.

The purpose of the thesis is to analyze formally, harmonically and melodically the five movements of the suite both as separate movements and inclusively as one cohesive unit. The thesis will be written in three parts: Part One will include a biographical sketch of the composer, a general discussion of his music, background information on the suite and Dett's antecedents and contemporaries influencing him. Part Two will discuss the following: A) Form, B) Harmonic Analysis, and C) Melodic Analysis and the influences of black folk idioms. Part Three will include the keyboard music of Dett's contemporaries as compared to his suite in terms of their contrasts and similarities.

Twenty-four teachers completed questionnaires and demographic data forms to describe the types of books they chose most often, where they got them, how they selected them, and how important they felt it was to expose children to good literature. A criteria sheet was used to describe the types and currency of books in each center. The teachers used a variety of sources to select and obtain books. Most teachers knew how literature aids some aspect of development. Every type of book was represented in all collections, but poetry and wordless picture books were least represented.

This study had a twofold purpose. First, the usefulness of the simplex algorithm as a short method of optimization in high performance liquid chromatographic separations was investigated. The second was to test a modified simplex method. The volume fractions of mobile phase components were chosen as the variable factors in the optimization process. Four test cases were performed which included separation of cholesterol esters, naphthalene and its derivatives, polycyclic aromatic compounds, and the thiane compounds. The standard for accepting an optimum was based on the baseline separation of two adjacent peaks and the analysis time. In addition to successful separations, the correlation between the separation and the chemical characteristics of mobile phase compositions was calculated and this could then be used for further modification of simplex search strategy.

Literature in semiotics lacks consideration of the elements in symbols that communicate specific concepts. Prohibition was the concept chosen for study. Potential prohibitors were represented by line configurations superimposed on background symbols. Seven prohibitors coupled with symbol backgrounds to form 49 experimental symbols were studied through a symbol inventory. Prohibitors constituted the independent variable, while dependent variables were verbal responses by 105 college students to the experimental symbols. Two hypotheses were tested: a) Prohibitors differ in effectiveness in communicating prohibition and b) Prohibitors differ in frequency of distortion of symbol meaning. Chi square analyses and comparisons of proportions showed diagonal lines most frequently elicited prohibition responses. A chi square analysis displayed no significant relationship between prohibitors in distortion of symbol meaning.

The objectives of these investigations were (1) the purification of MG reductase from sheep liver and (2) studies of some of its characteristics. MG reductase was purified 40 fold and showed a single band on SDS-PAGE. Molecular weight estimations with SDS-PAGE showed a molecular weight of 44,000; although gel filtration with Sephadex G-150 gave a molecular weight of 87,000 indicating that the enzyme might be a dimer. The Km for MG is 1.42 mM and for NADH it is 0.04 mM. The pH optimum for the purified enzyme is pH 7.0. Isoelectric focusing experiments showed a pI of 9.3. In vivo experiments involving rats treated with 3,3',5-triiodothyronine (T_3) and 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) indicated that MG reductase was depressed by T_3 and elevated by PTU.

This study reviews the evolution of television broadcasting in Taiwan from 1949 to 1982, with emphasis on the period from 1970 to 1982. The problem was to examine the development of the television industry in Taiwan as influenced by law and regulation, politics, and social customs. This study concludes that the development of the television industry in Taiwan was indeed greatly influenced by the above three factors. Future growth of the industry, however, may be greatly hindered unless the government relaxes its close control of the medium in the future.

Each design attempted to fulfill three requirements. The design should be effective as displayed in an exhibition; it should retain its sculptural effect when worn; and it should convey a feeling of envelopment for the wearer. In addition to these requirements, the seven pieces were designed and constructed with four problems in mind. First, how did changes in media or technique effect each garment in terms of surface embellishment, drapability, et cetera? Second, how did the scale of a garment alter the medium or technique used and the pattern shape used? Third, what were the design limitations of both the folded rectangle construction and the wing-sleeve design with triangular pattern shapes? Fourth, were some designs more successful than others in creating an envelopment for the body?

The purpose of this study was to bring a new conceptual quantitative balance to the existing elements in my work thereby establishing a new clarity. It was felt that the above accomplishment would bring about new worth; so that when my work was perceived it would have a greater impact upon the viewer. An expectant visual richness in the imagery would prove that it had been strengthened through simplification of the relationship of form to content. This new visual richness would bring about a new conceptual level to the work, because it had been synthesized into a meaningful statement.

The primary objective of this creative project was to create an environmental performance through the use of light as the principal medium. Most of the photographic imagery had been completed. The remaining task involved creating an effective and workable system to integrate the projected imagery with the neon light placements. Each system, illustrated in the figures, attempted to create a different approach in using the light mediums.

This project was designed to afford me the opportunity to work with the possibility of combining painting and music through the creation of narrative art. I endeavored to produce a body of work in which the individual paintings and songs would also stand on their own as autonomous works, and still function as components of a work that was larger in scope. The challenge was to develop the visual and verbal elements into a unified whole.

This paper discusses the portrayal of the character of Carmen in the novel written by Prosper Mérimée and in the opera written by Georges Bizet. Sharon Grahnquist provides historical background to the character and her creation, and offers and interpretation of the intended performance.

I decided to simplify the composition of my work in subject matter, color, size and style without destroying its visual impact. Experimentation in surface quality gave variety to the simplified content. My main commitment to the accomplishment of this problem was to avoid complexity in any form. I wanted to give as much information as possible using minimal means.

Chronomorphosis is a chamber ensemble piece for flute, clarinet, viola, cello, piano, and percussion. The work, comprising three movements is approximately fourteen minuted in duration. One of the most apparent characteristics of the work is its progression from non-metrical time organization involving aleatoric elements to metrical time organization involving changing meters but no aleatoric elements. The Pitch set is a constant element throughout the piece. The instrumentation selected exhibits a variety of color in all ranges: the flute in the upper register, the clarinet, viola, and vibes in the middle register, and the cello and the timpani in the lower register, the piano having access to all registers.

This composition is a single-movement work for three choirs and full orchestra, including celesta, piano, and four percussionists. Total duration is fifteen minutes. The music is divided into six sections, with the overall form being substantially influenced by the structure of the poem, War Is Kind, by Stephen Crane (1871-1900). Many devices are utilized to contrast tension and relaxation, as associated with ironic elements of the text, with repetition and development of musical elements and motives providing unity for the entire work.

This thesis describes the implementation of a general purpose personal information storage and retrieval system. Chapter one contains an introduction to information storage and retrieval. Chapter two contains a description of the features a useful personal information retrieval system should contain. This description forms the basis for the implementation of the personal information storage and retrieval system described in chapter three. The system is implemented in UCSD Pascal on an Apple II microcomputer.

Songs of Praise is a setting of four passages from the Psalms for soprano and chamber orchestra. The text is taken from Psalms 96, 114, 55, and 116 of the New American Standard Version, with each psalm scored as a separate movement. The duration of the work is approximately seventeen and one-half minutes. The instrumentation includes soprano, oboe, strings, and a percussion section of four players incorporating fourteen different instruments. The musical language employed is largely tonal, consisting generally of shifting tonal emphases achieved by exploiting the pitch relationships of traditional tonality. The movements are contrasting in character, according to the text, but generally of the same style. The vocal line predominates throughout spanning two octaves and a minor third from an A below middle C to a high C above the treble clef.

The decade of the 1850s saw the Texas press separate into two opposing groups on the issue of filibustering. The basis for this division was the personal beliefs of the editors regarding the role filibustering should have in society. Although a lust for wealth drove most filibusters, the press justified territorial expansion along altruistic lines. By 1858, however, a few newspapers discarded this argument and condemned filibusters as lawless bands of ruffians plundering peaceful neighbors. Throughout the decade, the papers gradually drifted from a consensus in 1850 to discord by the date of William Walker's third attempt on Nicaragua in 1858.

The purpose of investigating the conflict over the Western Sahara is to trace and analyze its impact upon the political stability of the northwest region of the African continent. Chapter I provides background information on the Western Sahara. Chapter II discusses the international political developments affecting the Western Sahara. Chapter III discusses the positions of Morocco, the Polisario, Algeria, and Mauritania; Chapter IV analyzes those of Spain, France, the Soviet Union, and the United States. Chapter V describes the role of the OAU in dealing with the conflict. The internal economic development of the involved parties has been disrupted because they were obliged to appropriate funds to purchase arms for the exigencies of the war. Ending the conflict depends upon improving relations between Morocco and Algeria.

Several late eighteenth-century keyboard composers indicated that some of their works were written specifically for the clavichord, as opposed to the harpsichord or pianoforte. This demand was indicated by a composer's commentary, remarks made by a contemporary, or by Bebung and Tragen der Tone indications in the music. The thesis examines selected works of C.P.E. Bach, Johann Eckard, Nathanael Gruner, Johann Hassler, Christian Neefe, F.S. Sander, and Daniel Tt*rk, and discusses elements of the music that seem particularly suited to clavichord performance. These elements are Bebung, Tragen der TOne, finely nuanced dynamic indications, certain types of melodic writing, and a thin textural composition.

This paper evaluates the style of four candezas written for the Beethoven Fourth Piano Concerto, Opus 58. Dennis W. Hay introduces the history of the cadenza before focusing on the works by the individual composers: Beethoven, Brahms, Medtner, and Casadesus.